Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis associated with lung adenocarcinoma.

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rather frequent neoplasic complication, most often occurring in adenocarcinomas of the lung and pancreas. The most frequent clinical manifestation is one of multiple cerebral infarcts, but other ischaemic events can occur. Diagnosis is frequently missed on transthoracic ultrasound, making transoesophagic ultrasound a more reliable diagnostic tool. We present a case of NBTE associated with lung adenocarcinoma.

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis associated with lung adenocarcinoma

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rather frequent neoplasic complication, most often occurring in adenocarcinomas of the lung and pancreas. The most frequent clinical manifestation is one of multiple cerebral infarcts, but other ischaemic events can occur. Diagnosis is frequently missed on transthoracic ultrasound, making transoesophagic ultrasound a more reliable diagnostic tool. We present a case of NBTE associated with lung adenocarcinoma (AU)

[Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy, possible complication after urinary diversion in radical cystectomy. Review of the literature with regard to a clinical case]. / La encefalopatia hiperamonémica, una posible complicación por derivación urinaria tras cistectomía radical. Revisión de la literatura a proposito de un caso.

INTRODUCTION: Radical cystectomy is an intervention with an important morbidity. Urinary diversion is a possible cause of metabolic complications like hyperammonaemic encephalopathy. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a patient treated with a radical cystectomy and modified ureterosigmoidostomy after diagnosis of bladder cancer. After surgery the patient presented in 4 ocasions recurrent episodic confusion. Laboratory and image tests were normal. Levels of seric ammonium was increased. After supportive treatment and hemodyalisis symptoms disappeared. Later patient was reoperated and a reconstruction to ileal conduit was made. DISCUSSION: Continent urinary diversions are advised due to important negative impact on quality of life produced by ileal conduit. However these diversions have several complications, like encephalopathy secondary to non-hepatic hyperammonaemia. Increased absortion of ammonium by intestinal tissue of the new-ladder induces encephalopathy. Early diagnosis of this complication is essencial in order to administer an effective treatment.

[Temporal arteritis as initial manifestation of renal cell carcinoma]. / Arteritis de la temporal como forma de presentación del carcinoma de células renales.

Vasculitis as paraneoplastic syndrome of renal cell carcinoma has been rarely report. We report a patient who initially was studied for temporal arteritis, and was later diagnosed of a renal cell carcinoma. The vasculitis resolves after surgery treatment of the tumour.

Quiste hidatídico pélvico [Imagen de la semana] / Pelvic hydatid cyst [Weekly image]

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Hemiparesia derecha como forma de presentación de carcinoma renal de células claras / Right hemiparesia as presentation of renal cell carcinoma

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[Malaria. Analysis of 31 cases (1993-2002)]. / Paludismo. Análisis de 31 casos (1993-2002).

The objective of this work is the study of malaria in the population of our hospital area. The characteristics of 31 cases of imported malaria diagnosed in the University Hospital La Fe of Valencia are described. The study included the period between 1993 and 2002. The predominance of males (81%), of the age group of 20-40 years (average: 37.68), and of the patients native from African countries (all except for a patient from Ecuador) of which 40% came from Equatorial Guinea, were outstanding results. The most prevalent species was Plasmodium falciparum (72%). Only 12.9% of the patients received antimalarial prophylaxis with mefloquine, without appropriate compliance. Malaria continues to be the most important protozoan infection in the world, and currently a possible reintroduction of this infection is observed in Spain. That is why is necessary to improve the information offered to the tourists who visit tropical countries. The clinical suspicion is also essential in patients who come from endemic areas.

[Antiphospholipid syndrome. The use of transesophageal echocardiography]. / Síndrome antifosfolípido. Utilidad de la ecocardiografía transesofágica.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined by the presence of arterial and venous thromboses, recurrent fetal death, cerebrovascular accidents, hemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and various other manifestations in different organs. APS is a clinical entity that can appear commonly alongside systemic lupus erithemathous on it can occur as a primary disease. The syndrome is defined by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in serum, a group of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA or an mixture of them) that adopt an hexagonal configuration when they are incubated at 37grades C. In APS, it is rather common to find cardiac lesions such as non-verrucous endocarditis, valvular lesions (especially of the mitral valve), microvascular cardiac disease and more risk of thrombosis at this level, myxomas that could be the cause of a systemic inflammation in relation to the production of antiphospholipid antibodies, intracardiac thrombii and congenital heart disease. We present the case of a woman with APS associated with interauricular communication whose initial diagnosis were pulmonary thromboembolism and cerebrovascular stroke. We were able to diagnose the cardiac abnormality by the use of transesophagic echocardiography. We propose the use of this imaging technique for patients with APS even though the transthoracic Doppler echocardiography was found to be normal. In this way we will be able to rule out cardiac lesions which could also be the cause of embolic manifestations.

Síndrome antifosfolípido. Utilidad de la ecocardiografía transesofágica / Antiphospholipid syndrome. The use of transesophagic echocardiography

El síndrome antifosfolípido (SAF) es una alteración inmune que produce trombosis venosas y arteriales, accidente cerebrovascular, aborto recurrente, anemia hemolítica, trombopenia y un sinfín de manifestaciones de órgano. El SAF es una entidad asociada en ocasiones al lupus eritematoso sistémico pudiendo también ser detectado sin enfermedad subyacente de base. El trastorno es debido a la presencia de unas inmunoglobulinas (IgG, IgA, IgM o una combinación de ellas) que adoptan una configuración hexagonal cuando se incuban a 37º. En el SAP es relativamente frecuente encontrar lesiones cardiacas como endocarditis no verrugosa, lesiones valvulares (especialmente de la válvula mitral), enfermedad microvascular cardiaca y mayor riesgo de trombosis a este nivel, mixomas que pueden inducir una inflamación sistémica en relación a la producción de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos , trombos intracardiacos y cardiopatias congénitas. Presentamos el caso de una mujer con SAP asociado a comunicación interauricular que había debutado anteriormente con tromboembolismo pulmonar y accidente cerebrovascular y que pudo ser diagnosticada tras examen con ecografía transesofágica. Proponemos el examen con esta técnica en pacientes con SAP aunque la ecocardiografía con doppler sea normal. Así podremos descartar lesiones cardiacas que puedan además ser causa de fenómenos embolígenos (AU)

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined by the presence of arterial and venous thromboses, recurrent fetal death, cerebrovascular accidents, hemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and various other manifestations in different organs. APS is a clinical entity that can appear commonly alongside systemic lupus erithemathous on it can occur as a primary disease. The syndrome is defined by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in serum, a group of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA or an mixture of them) that adopt an hexagonal configuration when they are incubated at 37 ºC. In APS, it is rather common to find cardiac lesions such as non-verrucous endocarditis, valvular lesions (especially of the mitral valve), microvascular cardiac disease and more risk of thrombosis at this level, myxomas that could be the cause of a systemic inflammation in relation to the production of antiphospholipid antibodies, intracardiac thrombii and congenital heart disease. We present the case of a woman with APS associated with interauricular communication whose initial diagnosis were pulmonary thromboembolism and cerebrovascular stroke. We were able to diagnose the cardiac abnormality by the use of transesophagic echocardiography. We propose the use of this imaging technique for patients with APS even though the transthoracic Doppler echocardiography was found to be normal. In this way we will be able to rule out cardiac lesions which could also be the cause of embolic manifestations (AU)