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1.
Chemosphere ; 279: 130589, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33894513

RESUMO

This study aimed to assess the role of Solanum lycopersicum and plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strains to remove endosulfan present in the soil. S. lycopersicum was grown in endosulfan amended soil (5, 10, 25, and 50 mg kg-1) inoculated with PGPR strains for 40, 80, and 120 days. The influence of PGPR inoculation on endosulfan accumulation in plant tissues, endosulfan degradation in soil, and plant growth parameters were evaluated. The oxidative stress tolerance was assessed by determining the malondialdehyde formation in S. lycopersicum planted in endosulfan stressed soil inoculated with PGPR strains. The results showed that uptake of endosulfan followed root > shoot pathway in association with a reduction in endosulfan accumulation in inoculated plants as related to un-inoculated plants. Moreover, inoculation of PGPR strains showed a beneficial influence on the degradation of endosulfan, Bacillus sp. PRB101 showed maximum degradation (89% at 5 mg kg-1 of soil) of endosulfan at 120 days after sowing. Furthermore, the content of malondialdehyde was lower in inoculated plants as related to un-inoculated plants. Inoculation of PGPR strains efficiently enhanced plant biomass. The findings showed the effectiveness of PGPR strains to increase the decontamination of endosulfan stressed soil and decline endosulfan concentration in the plant tissues.


Assuntos
Poluentes do Solo , Solanum lycopersicum , Biodegradação Ambiental , Endossulfano , Raízes de Plantas/química , Solo , Microbiologia do Solo , Poluentes do Solo/análise
2.
Chemosphere ; 240: 124944, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31726591

RESUMO

The present study explores the potential of two chromium tolerant and plant growth promoting bacterial strains, Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp. in luxuriant growth of tomato plants under chromium stress conditions. For the assessment of potentiality of the two selected strains, a pot scale experiment was setup with tomato plant under different levels of chromium contamination. In pot experiment, different plant growth parameters, oxidative stress tolerance and chromium bioremediation potential were studied upon inoculation of the selected bacterial strains. The results of pot experiment showed that both the strains were effective in promotion of plant growth and enhanced the plant biomass but Enterobacter sp. was more prominent in enhancement of root length, shoot length, fresh and dry weight, and nutrient uptake in tomato plant. The enhancement of enzymes to combat oxidative stress in tomato plant under chromium stress was also observed for both the strains. Both strains enhanced the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, total phenolic, and ascorbic acid in tomato plant under different levels of chromium stress conditions. The chromium phytoremediation potential of tomato plant upon inoculation of both the strains was also studied. The results of phytoremediation showed greater chromium accumulation in roots with poor translocation in shoot upon inoculation of Klebsiella sp. while no significant enhancement in chromium uptake by tomato plant was observed on inoculation of Enterobacter sp. compared to control. Thus, these two strains can effectively be used in luxuriant growth of tomato plant under metal stress conditions.


Assuntos
Cromo/toxicidade , Enterobacter/fisiologia , Klebsiella/fisiologia , Poluentes do Solo/toxicidade , Solanum lycopersicum/fisiologia , Biodegradação Ambiental , Biomassa , Catalase/metabolismo , Enterobacter/metabolismo , Klebsiella/metabolismo , Solanum lycopersicum/efeitos dos fármacos , Solanum lycopersicum/microbiologia , Estresse Oxidativo , Desenvolvimento Vegetal , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo
3.
Sci Rep ; 9(1): 10455, 2019 07 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31320739

RESUMO

It is reported that coal consumption in the Asia-Pacific region is going to increase to about 87.2 percent by 2035. Management of coal combustion residues (CCRs) generated by industries is a major bottleneck towards handling the repercussions of coal usage. The present study investigates a management technique for these potentially hazardous wastes by means of vermicomposting. In the present investigation, studies were made on the effects of various concentrations of vermicomposted fly ash (VCF) added to agricultural soil, on the growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) plants. The toxicity of trace elements in VCF were estimated using coefficient of pollution and potential ecological risk index, which revealed no apparent risks to the environment. A gradual increase in VCF concentrations in the agricultural soil improved the physico-chemical properties, enzymatic activities, microbial biomass, carbon and microbial population upto 90 days after sowing of seeds. The VCF amendments significantly (p < 0.05) improved the soil quality (2.86% nitrogen and 1.05% Phosphorous) and germination percentage (82.22%) of seeds in L. esculentum and also in S. melongena. The results of this study reveal that, CCRs can be effectively managed in agriculture specially in developing economies.


Assuntos
Agricultura/métodos , Bactérias/enzimologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Cinza de Carvão/farmacologia , Compostagem/métodos , Oligoquetos/química , Desenvolvimento Vegetal/efeitos dos fármacos , Solo/química , Animais , Biomassa , Cinza de Carvão/química , Fertilizantes/análise
4.
J Hazard Mater ; 377: 391-398, 2019 09 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31173990

RESUMO

Prevalence of metal pollutants exerts negative effects on human health and environment, thus propounding an urgent need for a safer substitute. This study was conducted to compare the chromium bioremediation and plant growth promotion ability of two bacterial strains, Klebsiella sp. strain CPSB4 (MH266218) and Enterobacter sp. strain CPSB49 (MH532567), isolated from the rhizospheric soils. A pot scale experiment was setup with Helianthus annuus (L.) as a test plant to compare the efficiency of both isolates in enhancement of plant growth, nutrients uptake, anti-oxidative enzymes production, lipid peroxidation, and chromium bioremediation. Inoculation of strains, CPSB4 and CPSB49 enhanced plant biomass, plant growth, nutrient uptake, anti-oxidative enzymes, and chromium bioremediation, while reduction in lipid peroxidation was observed compared to uninoculated control under chromium stress. The maximum increase in plant growth and nutrient uptake was found in treatments inoculated with CPSB49, while maximum chromium uptake by sunflower was observed in treatments inoculated with CPSB4. Moreover, an increase in anti-oxidative enzyme production and decrease in lipid peroxidation was observed on inoculation of the selected strains. Thus, the strains Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp. can be effectively used in chromium bioremediation and plant growth promotion under chromium stress conditions.


Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Compostos de Cromo/metabolismo , Enterobacter/metabolismo , Helianthus/metabolismo , Helianthus/microbiologia , Klebsiella/metabolismo , Poluentes do Solo/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Biomassa , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Estresse Oxidativo , Desenvolvimento Vegetal/efeitos dos fármacos , Raízes de Plantas/microbiologia , Microbiologia do Solo
5.
Chemosphere ; 225: 479-489, 2019 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30897471

RESUMO

Endosulfan is a broad spectrum insecticide used in agriculture for protection of various food and non-food crops. It is persistent in nature and hence found in soil, air and water. The potential use of plants and microorganisms for the removal of endosulfan from soil was studied. Helianthus annuus plant was grown in soil spiked with 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg kg-1 concentrations of endosulfan and inoculated with plant growth promoting rhizobacterial strains Paenibacillus sp. IITISM08, Bacillus sp. PRB77 and Bacillus sp. PRB101 for 40, 80 and 120 days. Potential of plant for endosulfan uptake was evaluated by investigating the endosulfan levels in plant tissues (root and shoot). The results indicated that endosulfan accumulation followed the pattern of root > shoot as well as decrease in uptake of endosulfan in root and shoot of a plant grown in bacterial inoculated soil as compared to un-inoculated soil. Bacterial inoculation had a positive effect on endosulfan degradation. Maximum degradation of 92% at 5 mg kg-1 of endosulfan in soil was observed on inoculation with PRB101 after 120 days of inoculation. The results showed that plant growth promoting bacteria enhances plant biomass production. Lipid peroxidation was also estimated by determining the malondialdehyde (MDA) production, which is a biomarker of oxidative damage. Decrease in MDA formation by root and leaves of plants grown in the bacteria inoculated plant was also observed. The results suggested the effectiveness of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to boost accumulation potential, biomass production and enhance remediation of endosulfan contaminated soil.


Assuntos
Bacillus/metabolismo , Biodegradação Ambiental , Endossulfano/metabolismo , Helianthus/metabolismo , Inseticidas/metabolismo , Paenibacillus/metabolismo , Poluentes do Solo/metabolismo , Inoculantes Agrícolas , Agricultura , Biomassa , Produtos Agrícolas/metabolismo , Endossulfano/análise , Helianthus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Inseticidas/análise , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Solo/química , Microbiologia do Solo , Poluentes do Solo/análise
6.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 168: 315-323, 2019 Jan 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30390530

RESUMO

Endosulfan contaminated soil has become an important risk to the environment and human health worldwide. In the present study, endosulfan tolerant bacterial strain Delftia lacustris IITISM30 and Klebsiella aerogenes IITISM42 were isolated from pesticide stressed agricultural soil and tested for plant growth promoting activities. A pot experiment was performed using Helianthus annuus, grown in soil supplemented with endosulfan and inoculated with pure and consortium of bacterial strain IITISM30 and IITISM42. Inoculation increased plant biomass production and endosulfan degradation, maximum degradation (90% at 5 mg kg-1 of soil) was observed by inoculation with a consortium of bacterial strain IITISM30 and IITISM42. Moreover, there was significantly less endosulfan accumulation was observed in roots and shoots of bacterial inoculated plants as compared to uninoculated plants. Decrease in production of malonialdehyde (MDA) was noticed on inoculation of a bacterial strain. The study demonstrated that inoculation of a consortium of endosulfan tolerant plant growth promoting bacterial isolates could more effectively remediate endosulfan contaminated soils and decrease endosulfan residues in plants, than individual strains. Moreover, it revealed that combined use of H. annuus and endosulfan tolerant bacterial isolates IITISM30 and IITISM42 has great potential for remediating endosulfan contaminated soil.


Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Delftia , Endossulfano/isolamento & purificação , Enterobacter aerogenes , Helianthus/metabolismo , Poluentes do Solo/isolamento & purificação , Inoculantes Agrícolas , Biomassa , Helianthus/microbiologia , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/microbiologia , Solo/química , Microbiologia do Solo
7.
Sci Rep ; 8(1): 4860, 2018 03 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29559691

RESUMO

Contamination of agricultural soil with heavy metals has become a serious concern worldwide. In the present study, Cr6+ resistant plant growth promoting Pseudomonas sp. (strain CPSB21) was isolated from the tannery effluent contaminated agricultural soils and evaluated for the plant growth promoting activities, oxidative stress tolerance, and Cr6+ bioremediation. Assessment of different plant growth promotion traits, such as phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid production, siderophores, ammonia and hydrogen cyanide production, revealed that the strain CPSB21 served as an efficient plant growth promoter under laboratory conditions. A pot experiment was performed using sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as a test crop. Cr6+ toxicity reduced plant growth, pigment content, N and P uptake, and Fe accumulation. However, inoculation of strain CPSB21 alleviated the Cr6+ toxicity and enhanced the plant growth parameters and nutrient uptake. Moreover, Cr toxicity had varied response on oxidative stress tolerance at graded Cr6+ concentration on both plants. An increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity and reduction in malonialdehyde (MDA) was observed on inoculation of strain CPSB21. Additionally, inoculation of CPSB21 enhanced the uptake of Cr6+ in sunflower plant, while no substantial enhancement was observed on inoculation in tomato plant.


Assuntos
Cromo/toxicidade , Pseudomonas/metabolismo , Poluentes do Solo/toxicidade , Agricultura , Biodegradação Ambiental , Biomassa , Catalase/metabolismo , Helianthus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Solanum lycopersicum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Metais Pesados/toxicidade , Estresse Oxidativo , Desenvolvimento Vegetal , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Solo/química , Microbiologia do Solo , Poluentes do Solo/efeitos adversos , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo
8.
Chemosphere ; 192: 318-327, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29117590

RESUMO

In this study, an effort was made to identify an efficient phosphate solubilizing bacterial strain from chromium contaminated agricultural soils. Based on the formation of a solubilized halo around the colonies on Pikovskaya's agar amended with chromium (VI), 10 strains were initially screened out. Out of 10, strain CPSB4, which showed significantly high solubilization zone at different chromium concentrations, was selected for further study. The strain CPSB4 showed significant plant growth promotion traits with chromium (VI) stress under in-vitro conditions in broth. The plant growth promotion activities of the strain decreased regularly, but were not completely lost with the increase in concentration of chromium up to 200 mg L-1. On subjected to FT-IR analysis, the presence of the functional group, indicating the organic acid aiding in phosphate solubilization was identified. At an optimal temperature of 30 °C and pH 7.0, the strain showed around 93% chromium (VI) reduction under in-vitro conditions in broth study. In soil condition, the maximum chromium (VI) reduction obtained was 95% under in-vitro conditions. The strain CPSB4 was identified as Klebsiella sp. on the basis of morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This study shows that the diverse role of the bacterial strain CPSB4 would be useful in the chromium contaminated soil as a good bioremediation and plant growth promoting agent as well.


Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Cromo/farmacologia , Klebsiella/metabolismo , Fosfatos/metabolismo , Poluentes do Solo/metabolismo , Klebsiella/química , Klebsiella/genética , Klebsiella/isolamento & purificação , Fosfatos/química , Desenvolvimento Vegetal/efeitos dos fármacos , Solo/química , Microbiologia do Solo , Poluentes do Solo/farmacologia , Solubilidade , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier
9.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 25(6): 5668-5680, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29230644

RESUMO

The study aimed to identify an effective phosphate-solubilizing and organochlorine pesticide-tolerant bacterial strain(s). A total of 50 phosphate-solubilizing bacterial (PSB) strains were isolated from pesticide-stressed soil. Ten isolates showing higher solubilization were selected for organochlorine pesticides (endosulfan, aldrin, and lindane) tolerance. The strain IITISM08 showed the maximum potential of phosphorous solubilization in Pikovaskya agar medium (solubilization index = 3.2) and in broth medium (348 ± 2 µg mL-1) and tolerated up to 250 µg mL-1 of organochlorine pesticides. During phosphorous solubilization, the presence of functional group and organic acid production were also observed using FT-IR and HPLC. The plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits of the strain IITISM08 was highly inhibited in presence of endosulfan among the three organochlroine pesticides. The strain IITISM08 degraded aldrin (79%), lindane (68%), and endosulfan (51%) at a concentration of 50 µg mL-1. The strain IITISM08 was identified using 16S rDNA gene sequencing as Paenibacillus sp. (IITISM08). The study revealed that the strain IITISM08 can be used as PGP candidate even under organochlorine pesticide-stressed condition.


Assuntos
Hidrocarbonetos Clorados/análise , Paenibacillus/metabolismo , Praguicidas/análise , Fosfatos/metabolismo , Microbiologia do Solo , Poluentes do Solo/análise , Biodegradação Ambiental , Brassica/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hidrocarbonetos Clorados/toxicidade , Solanum lycopersicum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Paenibacillus/efeitos dos fármacos , Paenibacillus/genética , Praguicidas/toxicidade , Fosfatos/química , Rizosfera , Solo/química , Poluentes do Solo/toxicidade , Solubilidade
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