RESUMO
A podridão abacaxi da cana-de-açúcar, causada pelo fungo Thielaviopsis paradoxa, pode causar quedas de até 50% na brotação e de 42% na produtividade de colmos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o controle da doença por meio da pulverização de fungicidas em rebolos no sulco de plantio. Para isso, foram instalados dois experimentos em casa de vegetação e um no campo. O substrato e o solo foram infestados com o patógeno antes do plantio da cana-de-açúcar e os fungicidas foram aplicados nos rebolos imediatamente após o plantio, com um pulverizador costal pressurizado com CO2. A pulverização dos rebolos no sulco de plantio mostrou-se eficaz no controle da podridão abacaxi com determinados fungicidas, trazendo incrementos na brotação e proporcionando recuperação de até 12% na produtividade. Dentre os tratamentos testados, os fungicidas piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol; piraclostrobina e propiconazol mostraram bom potencial no controle da doença.
Sugarcane pineapple disease, caused by the fungus Thielaviopsis paradoxa, can cause germination and yield decreases of up to 50% and 42%, respectively. The aim of this research was to assess the control of this disease through in-furrow fungicide application on seedpieces. Two experiments were installed in greenhouse and one under field conditions with this purpose. The substrate and the soil were infested with the pathogen before the sugarcane planting and the fungicides were sprayed on seedpieces immediately after the planting with a CO2 backpack sprayer. Seedpieces in-furrow spraying was effective in controlling the pineapple disease with certain fungicides, providing up to 12% yield recovery. Among the tested treatments, the fungicides pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole; pyraclostrobin and propiconazole showed good potential for pineapple disease control.
RESUMO
In recent years, efforts to improve sugarcane have focused on the development of biotechnology for this crop. It has become clear that sugarcane lacks tools for the biotechnological route of improvement and that the initial efforts in sequencing ESTs had limited impact for breeding. Until recently, the models used by breeders in statistical genetics approaches have been developed for diploid organisms, which are not ideal for a polyploid genome such as that of sugarcane. Breeding programs are dealing with decreasing yield gains. The contribution of multiple alleles to complex traits such as yield is a basic question underlining the breeding efforts that could only be addressed by the development of specific tools for this grass. However, functional genomics has progressed and gene expression profiling is leading to the definition of gene networks. The sequencing of the sugarcane genome, which is underway, will greatly contribute to numerous aspects of research on grasses. We expect that both the transgenic and the marker-assisted route for sugarcane improvement will contribute to increased sugar, stress tolerance, and higher yield and that the industry for years to come will be able to rely on sugarcane as the most productive energy crop.
