[Optical studies and aids in the treatment of posttraumatic urethral strictures]. / Opticheskie issledovaniia i posobiia v lechenii posttravmaticheskikh striktur uretry.

The paper presents the results of treatment of 172 patients of whom 50 had anterior urethral strictures and 122 posterior ones. In 167 of 172 patients urethral resection was performed irrespective of the site of constriction. The urethral patency was restored in 162 (97%) patients, whereas the operation was ineffective in 5 (3%). A relapse of stricture occurred in 16 (10%) of 162 patients in different periods following the operation, good results were obtained with repeated operations in 10 (6.2%). Sexual potency was observed in 30 (18.5%) patients. In patients with short strictures, optical urethrotomy by excising the scar tissue by a loop with a Storz resectoscope. The operation was ended with bladder drainage with a Foley No. 14 or No. 16 catheter for 1 to 2 weeks. All the operated patients showed good results within 4 to 12 months. No decreased sexual potency was seen in anybody. In addition, hydrocortisone solution was instilled around the scars in the area of anastomosis by using a urethroscope in 6 patients after urethral resection, but in one patient granulations were excised, which promoted improvement of therapy outcomes. In the authors' opinion, it is expedient to use irrigation urethroscopy as the choice of method for treating posttraumatic urethral strictures. Urethral resection is considered to be the basic therapy method. Optical urethrotomy is more preferable in strictures less than 1 cm in length. Following the resection urethroscopy is regarded to be indicated, which makes it possible to correct the outcomes of the basic operation.

[Effects of climatic treatment in the Bairam-Ali sanatorium on the course of chronic glomerulonephritis]. / Vliianie klimaticheskogo lecheniia v sanatorii "Bairam-Ali" na techenie khronicheskogo glomerulonefrita.

A study was made of the survival, frequency and time of the development of chronic renal failure (CRF) in 712 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) treated more than once (2 to 23 times) in the sanatorium Bairam-Ali. It was shown that a more benign course was typical of latent and hypertonic forms among the clinical ones and mesangioproliferative, mesangiomembranous and membranous variants among the morphological variants of CRF. It should be noted that CRF frequency in these groups was lower and developed much later than in the other CGN variants. Prognosis was unfavorable in the patients over 50. The highest survival was noted among the patients aged 20 to 29. Tonsillectomy did not make a positive effect on the CGN course.

[Blood circulation in healthy inhabitants of the arid zone of Turkmenistan. Report 2. Use of controlled exercise test in persons with good and insufficient adaptation to high environmental temperature]. / Krovoobrashchenie zdorovykh liudei v usloviiakh aridnoi zony Turkmenii. Soobshchenie 2. Issledovanie nagruzki lits s khoroshei i nedostatochnoi adaptatsiei k vysokoi temperature okruzhaiushchei sredy.

Bicycle ergometry was performed in 143 normal male residents of Ashkhabad in different seasons of the year. In cool weather, the direction and magnitude of hemodynamic response to exercise in Ashkhabad residents were similar to those of people from milder climatic zones. In summer, exercise-related systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the stroke index were smaller as compared to the respective values of the cool season. During the transition period (i.e. first hot summer days), blood pressure and the stroke index were the lowest, and the heart rate was somewhat increased. In hot weather, exercise produced a greater reduction in the circulating blood volume and a greater increase in the hematocrit value. Thirteen (9%) subjects with poor tolerance of hot weather were identified in the screened population. In these, hemodynamic shifts were similar to those observed in most normal subjects during inadequate acclimatization of the first hot summer days.

[Blood circulation in healthy persons in the arid region of Turkmenia. I. Studies in the supine and orthostatic positions]. / Krovoobrashchenie u zdorovykh liudei v usloviiakh aridnoi zony Turkmenii. Soobshchenie I. Issledovanie v gorizontal'nom i ortostaticheskom polozhenii.

The active orthostatic test was used to investigate 164 normal male residents of Ashkhabad during the cool season, 143 in summer and 66 during the transition period, i. e. first hot summer days. During the cool season, the pattern and markedness of orthostatic circulatory shifts in Ashkhabad residents were similar to those observed in moderate climate. In summer, orthostatic drop in systolic BP, cardiac index and circulating blood volume is more pronounced as compared to values of the cool season, while the rise in heart rate and diastolic BP is less pronounced. Orthostatic shifts are the most marked in the first hot days of summer: systolic BP, stroke and cardiac indices drop considerably, whereas diastolic BP and peripheral resistance to blood flow remain unchanged or slightly increase, with heart rate showing the most marked rise.