RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Need for undertaking prostate biopsies for detection of prostate cancer is often decided on the basis of serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA). AIM: To evaluate the case detection rate of prostate cancer among patients presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) on the basis of PSA levels and to assess the scope of prostate biopsy in these patients. SETTING AND DESIGN: A retrospective study from a tertiary care center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical and histopathological data of 922 patients presenting with LUTS in the last five years was obtained from the medical record section. They had been screened for prostate cancer using PSA and /or digital rectal examination examination followed by confirmation with prostate biopsy. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Detection rate and receiver operating characteristic curve were performed using SPSS 16 and Medcalc softwares. RESULTS: The detection rate of prostate cancer according to the PSA levels was 0.6%, 2.3%, 2.5%, 34.1% and 54.9% in the PSA range of 0-4, 4-10, 10-20, 20-50 and> 50 ng/ml, respectively. Maximum prostate cancer cases were detected beyond a PSA value of 20 ng/ml whereas no significant difference in the detection rate was observed in the PSA range of 0-4, 4-10 and 10-20 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: A low detection rate of prostate cancer observed in the PSA range of 4-20 ng/ml in LUTS patients indicates the need for use of higher cutoff values of PSA in such cases. Therefore we recommend a cutoff of 20 ng/ml of PSA for evaluation of detection rate of prostate cancer among patients presenting with LUTS.
Assuntos
Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Prostatismo/patologia , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Exame Retal Digital , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Próstata/complicações , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Curva ROC , Valores de Referência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Urinárias/complicaçõesRESUMO
Intercostal transdiaphragmatic hernia is a rarely reported lesion. Trauma is the commonest cause. We report a 75-year-old man who presented with transdiaphragmatic intercostal hernia due to chronic cough. He recovered after surgical repair.
