Gingival esthetic outcome around a bone-level implant--a case report.

The objective of this case report is to review the clinical thinking, decision making, and actions of the authors, from the time of the first patient visit to the final esthetic outcome. Initial uncertainty led the authors to perform procedures that were believed to provide best outcomes or alternatives for further procedures, if necessary. An optimal final esthetic outcome was the goal, and the short-term (one-year) esthetic results are presented.

Stain reduction of an integrated oral hygiene system.

This article discusses research to determine the efficacy of a prototype integrated power toothbrush and toothpaste dispensing system, the IntelliClean System from Sonicare and Crest, in the removal of extrinsic stain. The prototype integrated system and a positive control, the Sonicare Elite with conventional toothpaste, were evaluated in 2 randomized, single-blinded, parallel 4-week controlled clinical trials. There was a low dropout rate, with 28 subjects of the 31 randomized in study 1 completing the study (10% loss to follow-up) and 26 subjects of the 28 randomized in study 2 completing the study (7% loss to follow-up). Lobene stain scores were used to assess the extent and intensity of stain for all teeth meeting the criteria for inclusion in the studies. Lobene stain scores were assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks in both studies. A survey also was conducted at the conclusion of each study to determine user attitude toward the integrated system. The prototype integrated system was found to significantly reduce overall extrinsic stain over time, performing not significantly differently from the positive control. Overall, the prototype integrated system reduced the composite measure of stain that encompasses both the extent and intensity of stain by 60%. This research demonstrates that the IntelliClean System from Sonicare and Crest is highly effective in reducing extrinsic stain.

The effect of four mouthrinses on oral malodor.

The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of four mouthrinses in clinical outcomes of changes in oral malodor measurements in a 4-week, randomized, double-blind, longitudinal clinical trial in adults. The four rinses were coded as Products 1, 2, 3, and 4 so that neither the examiners nor subjects had the knowledge of treatment. Of the four mouthrinses, two were commercially available mouthrinses with essential oils (EO) or chlorine dioxide plus zinc (CD/Zn) as active ingredients (Products 1 and 4), one mouthrinse was a formulation containing cetylpyridinium chloride (Product 2), and one was a placebo (Product 3). A total of 99 subjects who met the study criteria were assigned randomly to one of the four groups. At three separate visits (0, 2, and 4 weeks), subjects received an examination of the oral soft tissues and were assessed for baseline oral malodor by two organoleptic judges and a laboratory instrument that measures oral malodor. Subjects were instructed to use the assigned rinse, and the measurements were performed again after 2 and 4 hours. Throughout the 4-week study period, each subject was asked to use the assigned rinse twice daily per the manufacturer's recommended directions. The results showed that the four mouthrinses reduced oral malodor within 4 hours after a single usage, with Product 2 being the most effective and the placebo being the least effective. Daily use of EO, CD/Zn, and placebo rinses for up to 4 weeks did not reduce oral malodor from week 0 baseline values, and the effects on oral malodor were comparable among these three mouthrinses. Product 2 was the only mouthrinse that reduced oral malodor from baseline values after 2 and 4 weeks of daily use.

Treatment of gingival recession: comparative study between subepithelial connective tissue graft and guided tissue regeneration / Tratamento da recessão gengival: estudo comparativo entre enxerto do tecido conjuntivo subepitelial e regeneração tecidual guiada

Background: Various procedures have been proposed to treat gingival recession, but few studies compare these procedures to each other. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a clinical comparison of subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with a collagen membrane in the treatment of gingival recessions in humans. Methods: Twenty-four defects were treated in 12 patients who presented canine or pre-molar Miller Class and/or II bilateral gingival recessions. Both treatments were performed in all patients, and clinical measurements were obtained at baseline and 18 months after surgery. These clinical measurements included gingival recession height (GR), root coverage (RC), probing depth (PD), heratinized tissue width (KT), and final esthetic result...

Risk indicators for periodontal diseases in Guatemalan adolescents / Indicadores de risco para as doenças periodontais em adolescentes guatemaltecos

Uma amostra selecionada ao acaso de 62 adolescentes na faixa etária de 11 a 15 anos, de 17 localidades diferentes na Guatelama, compôs o grupo a ser estudado. Profundidade de bolsa, índice de placa, e sangramento à sondagem foram computados de 6 sítios periodontais escolhidos ao acaso de cada participante (total de 372 sítios). Amostras de placa subgengival foram obtidas destes mesmos sítios. Em cada par de sítios, testes microbiológicos distintos foram processados, à saber: sítios 1 e 2 - teste BANA para T. denticola, P. gingivalis, e B forsythus, e anticorpos policlonais para A. actinomycetemcomitans; sítios 3 e 4 - detecção de fungos no agar SAB; sítios 5 e 6 - detecção de Entamoeba gingivalis pela técnica de Heidenhain. Um total de 66 por cento dos participantes evidenciaram ao menos um sítio com sangramento à sondagem, 42 por cento exibiram no minímo um sítio com profundidade de bolsa > 3mm, e 79 por cento exibiram alto índice de placa. O percentual correspondente de sítios foi 30 por cento, 12 por cento e 41 por cento. Nos sítios 1 e 2 (N = 124), 77 por cento e 47 por cento dos participantes testaram positivo para o teste BANA e para A. actinomycetemcomitans, respectivamente, totalizando 59 por cento e 31 por cento dos sítios. Nos sítios 3 e 4 (N = 124), fungos foram detectados em 43 por cento dos participantes e 39 por cento dos sítios. Nos sítios 5 e 6 (N = 124) E. giginvalis foi detectada em 21 por cento dos participantes e 11 por cento dos sítios. O risco para inflamação gengival severa e/ou profundidade de bolsa aumentada estava 1,5 e 5,2 vezes aumentado o resultado positivo para o teste de BANA ou para A. actinomycetemcomitans foi detectado num determinado sítio. Nenhuma associação foi verificada para fungos e para E.gingivalis