Control of an outbreak of post-transplant cutaneous mucormycosis by removing the vehicle: An intervention study of contiguous cohorts.

BACKGROUND: An outbreak of post-kidney transplant cutaneous mucormycosis (PK-CM), a severe and even fatal complication in immunocompromised patients, occurred in our institution. The objective of this study was to compare the usual fixation of sterile wound dressings with non-sterile elastic bandages and fixation with sterile bandages processed at our centralized sterile services department with regard to PK-CM prevention. METHODS: We conducted a before-and-after trial in a private tertiary care hospital. The pre-intervention cohort (n = 16) included all patients who had undergone kidney transplant (KT) during the outbreak (June 2010-April 2011), and the post-intervention cohort (n = 49) included all patients who had undergone KT between May 2011 and October 2013. From May 2011, only bandages sterilized by the centralized sterile services department were used to fix wound dressings of KT patients. RESULTS: Differences in age (50.2 years vs 51.3 years), sex (43.8% male vs 59.2% female), weight (63.3 kg vs 69.7 kg), hemodialysis vintage (55.6 months vs 47.8 months), and other risk factors were not observed between the pre- and post-intervention cohorts, respectively. PK-CM incidence dropped from 25% in the pre-intervention cohort (4/16) to 0% in the post-intervention cohort (0/49). Relative risk was 0 (P = .003). CONCLUSIONS: With regard to KT patients and sterile wound dressing fixation with non-sterile bandages versus the use of autoclaved bandages, fixation with autoclaved bandages proved to be effective for cutaneous mucormycosis outbreak control and prevention in our institution.

Control of an outbreak of postoperative bone mucormycosis: An intervention study of contiguous cohorts.

An outbreak of postoperative bone mucormycosis following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in a tertiary referral center in Paraná, Argentina, could have been transmitted through an arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction-exclusive contaminated item. The outbreak was controlled after changing from a system of direct delivery of implants and instruments to the operating room without proper verification, to a controlled and centralized process; specifically, the institution's pharmacy verified the quality and traceability of implants, and instruments were processed only by the institution's central sterile services department.