[The reactivity characteristics of the organs of the oral cavity in an with different types of nervous systems]. / Nekotorye osobennosti reaktivnosti organov polosti rta u zhivotnykh s raznymi tipami nervnoi sistemy.

Experiments were carried out on 120 albino rats, divided into "active" and "passive", depending on the type of their nervous system. The animals were exposed to complete fasting of up to 6 days, after which feeding was resumed for 1 to 3 days. Oral mucosa, muscle tissue, and maxillofacial tissue were examined by histologic and histochemical methods. The adaptation reactions were the same in the active and passive animals, but the rates of their triggering and intensity differed. Adaptive processes rapidly triggered on in the active animals, but these animals were less resistant than the passive ones.

[Hemispheric asymmetry of the nigrostriatal system of the brain in rats genetically predisposed to catalepsy]. / Mezhpolusharnaia asimmetriia nigrostriarnoi sistemy mozga krys, geneticheski predraspolozhennykh k katalepsii.

Hemispheric asymmetry of nigro-striate system in a strain of rats GC bred from Wistar for a predisposition to cataleptic reaction was studied by means of biochemical and morphological methods. Hemispheric asymmetry was found in GC and Wistar rats with respect to aminopeptidase activity in neurons of caudate nucleus, with a more pronounced left-side increase in GC rats, the asymmetry index being 13.7%. Acetylcholine esterase activity in subcellular particles of caudate nucleus showed an inversion of asymmetry with higher activity in the left hemisphere of Wistar and right hemisphere of GC rats, and asymmetry index of 15.5%. With respect to the number of astroglia cells in S. nigra, and astroglia and oligodendroglia in N. accumbens there was also an inversion of asymmetry in GC rats who had more cells in the structures of the left hemisphere, whereas Wistar rats had more in the right hemisphere. The asymmetry index was high and equal to 29.8% for astroglia in S. nigra, and 17% for astroglia and 21.4% for oligodendroglia in N. accumbens. However, in S. nigra the number of neurons and oligodendroglia cells was equally increased in the right hemisphere in GC and Wistar rats. The data suggest that the mechanism of hereditary pathology of brain nigro-striate system involves both enhancement and inversion of the hemispheric asymmetry.

[Cytochemical manifestations of short- and long-term activation of the dopaminergic system of the rat brain]. / Tsitokhimicheskie proiavleniia kratkovremennoi i dlitel'noi aktivatsii dofaminergicheskoi sistemy mozga krys.

In order to find correlation between changes in morpho-chemical characteristics of neurons of certain brain structures and changes of the functional state of rats with high horizontal motional activity in "open field" under activation of dopaminergic system caused by short-term and long-term L-DOPA injection aminopeptidase activity and protein content were studied. It was shown that in spite of similar effects of short- and long-term injection on the behaviour of animals, the nature of morpho-chemical changes in the brain differs significantly depending on the duration of the drug injection.

[The morphochemical characteristics of the brain in Wistar rats that differ by open-field motor activity]. / Morfokhimicheskaia kharakteristika mozga krys linii Vistar, razlichaiushchikhsia po lokomotornoi aktivnosti v otkrytom pole.

By cytochemical and biochemical methods it is established that in rats with low motor activity the increased content of proteins of cytoplasma and nuclei of neurones of the sensorimotor cortex, caudate nucleus and n. accumbens, the increased activity of a number enzymes of oxidizing and protein metabolism in them are combined with a low activity of enzymes of mediator exchange. In the studied formations in rats with high motor activity an increased activity of synaptic and membrane forms of acetylcholinesterase appears at the same level of activity of cholineacetyltransferase in these subcortical formations and at high monoamineoxidase activity in cellular structures of the cortex and in subcortical formations. It is shown that in animals of the same line but differing by the behaviour in the open field, brain formations such as the sensorimotor cortex, caudate nucleus and n. accumbens have their own biochemical properties of the studied characteristics.

[The effect of tuftsin on various aspects of metabolism in the sensorimotor system of the animal brain]. / Vliianie taftsina na nekotorye storony obmena v dvigatel'noi sisteme mozga zhivotnykh.

Rates of synthesis and degradation of monoamines, acetyl choline and protein were distinctly altered in cortex-subcortex structures of the brain locomotory system after a single administration of tetrapeptide tuftsin Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg during the period 15-30 min of its pronounced effect on the animal motor activity. Correlation between the functional and morphological alterations in cellular and subcellular brain structures, caused by the peptide administration, is discussed.

[A comparative analysis of the morphochemical changes in the neurons of the visual and sensorimotor cortices and the nucleus accumbens of rats administered tuftsin]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz morfokhimicheskikh izmenenii neironov zritel'noi, sensomotornoi kory i nucleus accumbens mozga krys pri vvedeniia taftsina.

White rats were treated with a single administration of tetrapeptide tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) in the dose 300 mcg/kg (b.w). Using interferometry, the protein content and concentration were assessed 15, 30 and 60 minutes after injection. The area of the neuron cytoplasm and nucleus were measured too. The nucleoplasmic balance and dispersion were calculated. Significant alterations in the protein contents and cellular area, nucleoplasmic balance and dispersion were detected in neurons of visual, sensomotor cortex and of n. accumbens. A possible interrelation is discussed between tuftsin action and the functional activity of neurons, between the level of their protein metabolism and establishment of emotional and motor response.

[Neurochemical aspects of the cortical-subcortical interrelations after activation of the dopamine system with L-dopa]. / Neirokhimicheskie aspekty korkovo-podkorkovykh vzaimootnoshenii pri aktivirovanii dofaminovoi sistemy s pomoshch'iu L-dofa.

In two groups of Wistar rats differing in horizontal motor activity in an open field, there was a dramatic lowering of that parameter after 2 weeks of administration of L-DOPA in the daily dose 50 mg/kg bw. The lowering in each group turned out different. Interferometric and cytophotometric studies of layers III and IV neurons of the sensorimotor cortex, n. caudatus and n. accumbens, made it possible to detect changes in the area of cytoplasm and neuronal nuclei, in their protein content, in aminopeptidase, glutamate dehydrogenase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. The intensity and tendencies of the changes varied in both groups animals. It is concluded that excess dopamine produces an effect on the plastic and oxidative types of neuronal metabolism in the indicated structures.

[Comparative analysis of the morphochemical changes in the visual and sensorimotor cortical neurons of rats exposed to taftsin]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz morfokhimicheskikh izmenenii v neironakh zritel'noi i sensomotornoi kory mozga krys pri vozdeistvii taftsina.

White rats were treated with a single administration of immunostimulator tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg, in the dose 300 mcg/kg b. w.). By interferometry protein content and concentration and the area of neuron cytoplasm and nucleus were assessed 15 minutes after injection, significant alterations in protein content and cellular area were detected in one type neurons of visual and sensomotor cortex. A possible interrelation is discussed between tuftsin action and the functional activity of neurons, and between the level of their protein metabolism and establishment of emotional and motor response.

[Metabolic characteristics of brain proteins and neuromediators in the late postresuscitation period]. / Ob osobennostiakh obmena belkov i nekotorykh neiromediatorov mozga v pozdnem postreanimatsionnom periode.

Interferometric and cytophotometric examination of the neurons of the motor area of the cerebral cortex and caudate nucleus in dogs in the late postresuscitation period has revealed a significant decrease in protein concentrations and activity of acetylcholinesterase (ACE), an increase in the activity of acetylcholinesterase (ACE), an increase in the activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and size of the cells of layers III and V of the motor cortex and caudate nucleus type I Golgi's neurons 12 days after clinical death. One month after resuscitation the protein concentrations were considerably higher than the normal values, levels of ACE normalized, levels of MAO in layer III of the motor cortex normalized but rose drastically in layer V and in the caudate nucleus. Neurons in type I Golgi's cells and in layer III of the motor cortex diminished in size. On the basis of their own and literature date the authors conclude that the motor cortex neurons are more sensitive to conditions of the terminal status than the caudate nucleus neurons and that protein metabolism and that of neuromediators interact in the process of restoration of the patient's neurological status.

[Morphochemical differentiation of neurons of the lateral geniculate body of the rabbit brain following early visual deprivation]. / Osobennosti morfokhimicheskoi differentsirovki neironov naruzhnogo kolenchatogo tela mozga krolika pri rannei zritel'noi deprivatsii

To study the propertes of the external geniculate body neuron's protein concentration and protein content were measured cytophotometrically in the cytoplasm of the above neurons in normal and visual deprivided animals 2.5 months after the birth. The results obtained suggest the increasing of protein concentration and protein content in the cytoplasm of neurons and the decreasing of protein concentration in surrounding structures. These changes varied depending on the neuron volume during the deprivation. It is supposed, that some groups of neurons exist in the external geniculate body with different degrees of specificity in respect to vision impulsation. Mechanisms of a possible rearrangement of the neuron metabolism in the external geniculate body during the deprivation are discussed.