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Introduction: Coronavirus pandemic has created a wide range of psychological complications. Students of medical sciences, like health personnel, are at a high risk of infection with coronavirus. The present study is an attempt to examine the correlation between anxiety caused by coronavirus and attitude and motivation toward the field of study in medical sciences students at Ilam University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This correlational study was done on 373 students in different fields of medical sciences at Ilam University of Medical Sciences from April to September 2020. The participants were selected through stratified random sampling. Data gathering was done using Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), and Educational Attitude Standard Questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed online by the participants. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and Pearson's correlation test, independent t-test and analysis of variance at a significance level of (P<0.05). Results: Based on the Pearson correlation coefficient, the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and educational motivation (P=0.001) and attitude (P=0.03) was inverse and significant. There was a significant statistical difference in the average score of anxiety caused by coronavirus in students of different fields. The highest mean anxiety score was in the operating room students and the lowest anxiety score was in the laboratory science field (P=0.001). Conclusions: Coronavirus pandemic has created anxiety and lowered educational motivation and attitude in students of different fields of medical sciences.
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INTRODUCTION: Mother's belief, ability, and self-confidence, which is interpreted as breastfeeding self-efficacy, play a key role in the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding. Numerous factors affect this ability of the mother. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of peer support on breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this clinical trial, 240 primiparous women were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The control group program included routine training, and the experimental group received counseling and training by 30 peers during the first three months after delivery. To determine breastfeeding self-efficacy, Denis's long-term breastfeeding self-efficacy questionnaire was used at the end of week 12 after delivery. Data were analyzed using SPSS software program, version 16.0 and independent t test, Chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The mean of breastfeeding self-efficacy score at the end of week 12 after delivery was 141.11 ± 93.4 in the experimental group versus 114.40 ± 60.16 in the control group. Then, the two groups had a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001). Also, exclusive breastfeeding in the experimental group was higher than in the control group (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Peer support for primiparous women can effectively improve breastfeeding self-efficacy and continuity of exclusive breastfeeding.
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Objective: Marital satisfaction is considered as satisfaction with a marital relationship on which the presence of a child has different effects. Concerns about a childfree life and its effect on marital satisfaction in infertile couples are very critical. Therefore, this study was intended to characterize and compare concerns about a childfree lifestyle and the need for parenthood and their relationship with marital satisfaction in infertile couples. Method : A total of 200 men and 200 women who referred to fertility centers in Tehran participated in this cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling method was used for sampling. Demographic survey, ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, and Fertility Problem Inventory were used for data collection. The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical tests (Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Regression). Results: The mean scores for concern about a childfree lifestyle and the need for parenthood in women were significantly higher than in men. The variables rejection of a childfree lifestyle and the need for parenthood were respectively predictors of marital satisfaction in women and men. Conclusion: Since marital satisfaction in infertile couples is affected by their feelings about having a child and becoming a parent, it is therefore suggested that appropriate counseling be provided in supportive healthcare programs for infertile couples to promote their marital satisfaction.
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INTRODUCTION: The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has affected many people in the world and has impacted the physical, social, and mental health of the world population. One of these psychological consequences is intimate partner violence affecting sexual health. METHODS: This study was performed as a systematic review on the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on sexual function and domestic violence in the world. Accordingly, all English-language studies conducted from the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to the end of 2020 were extracted by searching in the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed (including Medline), Cochrane Library, and Science Direct databases and then reviewed. The quality of the articles was assessed using the STROBE checklist. RESULTS: A total of 11 studies were included in the systematic review. Accordingly, domestic violence during the exposure to COVID-19 had increased. Moreover, the mean scores of sexual function and its components had reduced at the time of exposure to the pandemic compared to before. CONCLUSION: Given the potential long-term effects of the coronavirus crisis and the large population being affected by this disease, strategies to promote sexual health and fertility of families to prevent or further reduce violence and sexual functions should be chosen.
