[Floating structure of the carotid artery as a cause of microembolism in the basin of cerebral arteries]. / Flotiruiushchaia struktura sonnoi arterii kak prichina mikroémbolii v basseine mozgovykh arterii.

This article describes a rare clinical and diagnostic case report regarding a female patient presenting with frequent transitory attacks in the basin of both middle cerebral arteries. Based on the findings of duplex scanning of the cervical arteries we revealed floating structures with the presence of pronounced slow turbulent blood flow. After excluding all known causes of cerebral artery microembolism, associated with heart pathology or with the presence of unstable atherosclerotic plaques, the leading hypothesis of transitory ischaemic attacks in the woman concerned was the formation of microthrombi in the zone of motility of the structures revealed. The results of bitemporal transcranial Doppler monitoring carried out during 30 minutes detected more than 10 microembolic signals in the middle cerebral artery, thus confirming the embolic nature of transitory ischaemic attacks.

[Complex approach to the treatment of the diskal hernia of lumbosacral spine].

21 patients with lumbosacral osteochondritis and diskal hernia were treated. Diagnosis was verified with the help of radiological method. The spinal motion segment after the hernia excision was fixed with the help of fixator with the shape memory for the prevention of post-operation instability. Thioctic acid showed the high effectiveness in complex treatment of radiculopathy.

[Prenatal differential diagnosis of fetal urinary malformations].

To elaborate prenatal differential-diagnostic criteria of functional and obstructive uropathies, we examined 3287 pregnant women. Obstructive fetal urinary malformations (FUM) were detected in 42 (1.3%) cases. Prenatal ultrasonic assessment of fetal pelvis size depending on filling of the urinary bladder allowed identification of two groups: bladder-independent and bladder-dependent. Basing on our findings, we established prognostically significant differential-diagnostic criteria of a FUM variant. Thus, dependence of the size of caliculopelvic complex and the ureter on filling of the urinary bladder is a basic echographic criterion in functional obstruction. The absence of such dependence is the criterion of organic obstruction.

[Urodynamic parameters of fetal lower urinary tract in physiological pregnancy].

The study of urodynamic parameters in 76 fetuses in physiological course of pregnancy at gestation term from 20 to 40 weeks has shown that urodynamics of the lower urinary tract in the prenatal period directly correlate with embryon and fetus formation. Urodynamic indices of fetal lower urinary tract have 13 significant correlations out of possible 43, indicating distinct interactions of various organs and strictures of fetal urinary system. The analysis of the structure of correlations between different urodynamic indices of the lower urinary tract of the fetus demonstrates that they vary greatly in pregnancy trimester II and remain constant in trimester III. Thus, interrelations between basic urodynamic parameters of the lower urinary tract get established to the end of trimester II.

[Urodynamics of the lower urinary tract of the fetus during physiological pregnancy].

To evaluate urodynamic parameters of the fetal lower urinary tracts in physiological pregnancy and without malformations, a monitoring of filling and voiding of fetal urinary bladder was made by the results of ultrasonic study of 76 fetuses at getation term 20-40 weeks. All the infants of the first year of life have undergone clinical examination of urination, 24-h monitoring of spontaneous voiding rhythms, ultrasonic measurements of residual urine. Normal urodynamic parameters of fetal lower urinary tract depending on gestation duration were obtained. These parameters can be used as prognostic criteria in diagnosis of intrauterine urinary disorders.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the placenta, placental bed and myometrium in abnormal labor activity]. / Morfofunktsional'nye osobennosti platsenty, platsentarnogo lozha i miometriia pri narushenii rodovoi deiatel'nosti.

By comparison of dopplerometry results of right uterine artery and umbilical cords of a fetus with the histologic and morpho-stereometric data studies of the placenta, and also placental bed and myometrium in an operational material at Cesarian sections, a morphological basis of disturbances of communications in a functional system "mother-placenta-fetus" in hypotonic and hypertonic dysfunction of the uterus is revealed. The morphological picture of chronic placental insufficiency of the fetoplacentary form in the presence of pathological chorion immaturity is revealed in the development of weakness of activity. The uteroplacentary form of chronic placentaly insufficiency, incomplete gestation reorganization MPA and reduction morphometric parameters of a vascular channel miometrium documented formed discoordination of uterine muscles at child birth.

[Morphological characteristics of ultrasonic studies of the stages of placental maturity in physiological pregnancy]. / Morfologicheskie osobennosti ul'trazvukovykh kriteriev stadii zrelosti platsenty pri fiziologicheskom techenii beremennosti.

A sonographic and morphological study of placentas in 307 pregnant women has yielded histological criteria for sonographic staging of the placenta. In addition, sonographic estimates of uteroplacental and placental circulation were obtained. Simplicity and informativeness of these criteria make them recommendable for extensive use in practical health care.

[Prognostic value of placental maturity staging for pregnancy outcome of the fetus and newborn infant]. / Prognosticheskoe znachenie stadii zrelosti platsenty v iskhode beremennosti dlia ploda i novorozhdennogo.

Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis in 267 pregnant women, examination of their newborns and ultrasonographic/morphological comparison of the placenta have demonstrated the value of placenta staging in the prediction of fetal and neonatal outcomes with reference to the gestational age and morphological maturity of the villous placenta. The simplicity and predictive value of these criteria make them recommendable for routine use in practical medical care.