[Technology and Care: Starting From Human-Centered Compassion].

The rapid development of technology in recent years has not only transformed everyday life but also profoundly impacted the fields of healthcare and caregiving. Approaches to care that are technology-based and human-centered may be used to provide care services that are more efficient, accurate, and personalized and that, ultimately, improve our quality of life and overall health. First, intelligent health monitoring systems can generate customized health management plans based on individual health conditions and needs, allowing chronic diseases to be managed more effectively and helping prevent disease onset. Examples of these systems include smart medication dispensers (Gargioni et al., 2024) and fall prevention exercise apps for older adult patients (Czuber et al., 2024). Also, in clinical settings, especially in the context of monitoring patients in operating rooms and intensive care units, visualization technologies are using psychology and cognitive neuroscience principles to leverage human sensory perception to improve caregiver understanding of information. Patient data are presented using different shapes, colors, and animation frequencies, which are more effectively perceived, integrated, and interpreted than other formats (e.g., numbers). This helps healthcare professionals effectively perceive and identify potential medical issues, enhancing their situational awareness, helping them make better decisions, and improving patient safety (Gasciauskaite et al., 2023). In the field of rehabilitation, Krishnan et al. (2024) developed a wearable rehabilitation device to facilitate gait rehabilitation in post-stroke patients that exhibits better durability, modularity, and usability than previous technologies. In addition, for patients with upper limb impairments who experience varying degrees of ability loss in performing activities of daily living, robotic platforms have been introduced to facilitate intensive and repetitive exercises that strengthen motor skills and neuroplasticity (Bucchieri et al., 2023). In conclusion, human-centered technology care is a field ripe with potential that combines the power of technology with human-centered care to improve support and service capabilities. Articles in this issue explore the application of social robots in nursing practice, the applicability of smart technology in cardiac and elderly care, and the opportunities for next-generation smart care. We look forward to seeing more human-centered technology care solutions in the future that further promote health, well-being, and comprehensive social development.

[New Technology, Warm Care: Social Robots in Nursing Practice and Research].

Recent, rapid advancements in technology have enabled the introduction and integration of robots into everyday life. Different from the traditional image of robots as cold and mechanical, social robots are designed to emulate human interaction patterns, improving the user experience and facilitating social interactivity. Thus, social robots represent a promising new care intervention. In this article, after defining social robots and explaining the factors influencing "human-robot interaction", the authors discuss the effectiveness of social robots in the context of providing care to patients with dementia and autism as well as to pediatric patients. Finally, current cases in which PARO, a social robot, has been used in nursing are described, and key challenges and suggestions for future social robot applications are given. Current evidence indicates social robots must be developed and designed to adhere to a people-centered approach to achieve better robot-assisted care outcomes, be better accepted by patients, and better enable patients to open up emotionally and maintain good physical, mental, and social well-being.

Subjective experience of parent-child relationship in adolescents with congenital heart disease: A qualitative study.

PURPOSE: To explore the parent-child relationship through the subjective experience of adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD). DESIGN AND METHODS: A descriptive phenomenology approach was adopted. Twelve adolescents aged from 12 to 18 years with CHD were recruited from the pediatric cardiology clinics at two medical centers in Taiwan. Data were collected through in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis method, and results were reported in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines. RESULTS: The experiences of the adolescents with CHD revealed five themes: 1. the enhancement of self-worth through parents' love; 2. the importance of parental support in desperate situations; 3. the development of a sense of security through mutual understanding; 4. growth under parental expectations; and 5. parental overcontrol disguised as love. CONCLUSIONS: The parent-child relationship encompasses both positive and negative experiences. Adolescents prioritize their relationship with parents over that with peers. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nurses caring for adolescents with CHD can improve care by recognizing the influence of parental love, support in challenges, mutual understanding, parental expectations, and potential negative consequences of overcontrol. This insight guides effective guidance for adolescents, enhancing parent-child interactions and overall well-being.

Preventing functional decline in hospitalized older adults in medical ward: a best practice implementation project.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Functional decline frequently occurs in older adults in hospitals. The aim of this project was to promote evidence-based strategies for physical activity to prevent functional decline in hospitalized older adults in a medical center in southern Taiwan. METHODS: This project was guided by the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework. Seven audit criteria were derived from a JBI evidence summary and a baseline audit involving 25 nurses and 30 hospitalized older adults was conducted to compare current practice with best practice recommendations. The JBI Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) tool was used to identify barriers to implementation, and strategies were developed to overcome those barriers. A follow-up audit was conducted to measure any changes in compliance. RESULTS: After implementing the strategies, the pass rate of nursing staff improved in the physical activity knowledge test, rising from 56% to 88%. Compliance of nursing staff with providing physical activity instructions using evidence-based guidelines to hospitalized older adults reached 80%. The incidence of functional decline among hospitalized older adults decreased from 36.7% to 20%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this best practice implementation project suggest that initiating physical activity as early as possible for hospitalized older adults once their medical condition has stabilized can help prevent functional decline. SPANISH ABSTRACT: http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A171.

Nurses' perspectives on child-friendly care needs in emergency departments: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Children can become anxious when undergoing emergency medical treatment. Therefore, emergency departments should be child friendly. This study explored emergency nurses' perspectives on children's needs during emergency care. METHOD: This qualitative study employed purposive sampling to recruit 17 emergency nurses from 3 medical centers in northern and central Taiwan. Individual interviews were conducted between January and August 2021. Data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: The participants had 2-23 years of experience in caring for children in emergency departments. We identified 208 unique meaning units in the interview data, 79 of which were related to child-friendly emergency care. These were classified into 42 codes across 6 categories and 27 subcategories. The six categories were timely comfort, emotional care, frontline safety, emergency response, human resources support, and treatment efficiency. CONCLUSION: Emergency nurses have professional competencies, play a crucial role as care providers for children in the emergency department, and ensure the comfort and safety of children seeking treatment. The categories related to child-friendly emergency care identified in this study can serve as a basis for developing child-friendly care emergency guidelines.

Experience in Professional Resilience for Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19: A Qualitative Descriptive Study.

PURPOSE: During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses have faced many professional and ethical dilemmas and challenges along with bearing physical, mental, and emotional stress resulting from worrying about themselves or their family being infected and stigmatized. This stress can potentially lead to burnout and resignation. Professional resilience is crucial for nurses to cope with these adverse situations. This study aimed to investigate the process by which nurses adapt, change, and overcome challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic and ultimately demonstrate professional resilience. METHODS: Descriptive phenomenology was applied. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 nurses working in COVID-19 wards and intensive care units to collect data. Giorgi's phenomenological analysis method was employed. RESULTS: Based on the interview responses, four major themes were identified: 1) balancing patient care, self-protection, and passing on experience; 2) providing timely pandemic team resources and social support; 3) nurses' perseverance amid social discourse and constrained lives; and 4) selfless dedication shaping nursing's pinnacle experiences. CONCLUSIONS: In the face of a sudden pandemic, frontline nurses play a critical role in maintaining medical capacity. Consequently, they must balance their families, lives, and work while adapting to the impact of the pandemic and changing practices and procedures based on the development of the pandemic and policy demands. The study findings provide insights into the challenges and emotional experiences encountered by nurses during a sudden pandemic outbreak and can serve as a reference for developing strategies to help nurses overcome these challenges and enhance their professional resilience.

Health-promoting lifestyle and life satisfaction in full-time employed adults with congenital heart disease: grit as a mediator.

AIMS: Enhancing life satisfaction is vital for adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). Life satisfaction potentially correlates with a health-promoting lifestyle and grit. However, the mediating role of grit-a trait marked by perseverance and long-term goal-oriented passion-between a health-promoting lifestyle and life satisfaction in ACHD remains unverified. This study aimed to examine the relationships between health-promoting lifestyle, grit, and life satisfaction in full-time employed ACHD and to confirm the mediating role of grit. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 181 full-time employed ACHD aged 20-59 years with patient-reported New York Heart Association class I-IV were recruited from two medical centers in northern Taiwan. Participants completed questionnaires, including the short version of the Chinese Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile scale, Grit-10 scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale between February and December 2022. Data analysis employed the Hayes PROCESS macro. Health-promoting lifestyle, grit, and life satisfaction were discovered to be positively correlated. Overall grit score was a partial mediator between a health-promoting lifestyle and life satisfaction, accounting for 20% of the total variation. Of the grit domains, perseverance served as a partial mediator between a health-promoting lifestyle and life satisfaction, accounting for 32% of the total variation, whereas passion had a nonsignificant mediation effect. CONCLUSION: A health-promoting lifestyle boosts ACHD individuals' life satisfaction through grit, particularly perseverance. Integrating grit into such a lifestyle could benefit from comprehending support systems and influential factors aiding grit development for enhanced life satisfaction.

Exploring the Effectiveness of Group Cognitive Stimulation Training in People With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a chronic degenerative brain disease. Cognitive impairment, the core symptom of this disease, affects the mood and social functioning of patients severely. Nonpharmacological therapies that both improve cognitive function and are suitable for patients with schizophrenia remain underdeveloped. PURPOSE: This article was designed to explore the effects of group cognitive stimulation training (GCST) on cognitive function and social function in people with schizophrenia. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted. The 76 participants were allocated into either the experimental or control group using blocked randomization. The participants were all patients with chronic schizophrenia recruited from seven rehabilitation units in northern Taiwan who were 20-65 years old and scored 10-25 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Taiwan Version. The experimental group received the 60-minute GCST twice a week for 7 weeks, whereas the control group received standard treatment. All outcome indicators were analyzed at baseline and after intervention using generalized estimating equations. The primary outcome indicators included cognitive function assessed using the Taiwan version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, working memory assessed using the Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition, and executive function assessed using the Taiwanese version of the Frontal Assessment Battery. The secondary outcome indicator was social function assessed using the Social Function Scale-Taiwan short version. RESULTS: Generalized estimating equation modeling revealed the experimental group exhibited significant improvement in Montreal Cognitive Assessment total score ( B = 1.33, SE = 0.65, p = .040) and Social Function Scale-Taiwan short version ( B = 9.55, SE = 2.38, p < .001) after adjusting for nine covariates. No significant differences between the two groups in terms of working memory ( B = 4.79, SE = 2.66, p = .071) or executive function ( B = 0.53, SE = 0.63, p = .399) were found. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The results indicate that GCST positively impacts overall cognitive and social functions but not higher-order cognitive function (working memory and executive function). In clinical settings, GCST may be applied to improve cognitive function in people with schizophrenia. The findings of this study may inform the practice of mental health nurses to improve cognitive function in patients in clinical care.

Effects of parents' voice on reducing heel puncture pain in high-risk newborns: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: High-risk newborns, such as premature or severely ill infants, often experience painful treatments and separation from their parents. While previous studies have focused on the positive impacts of a mother's voice on newborns' physiology and pain response, research on the father's voice and vocal acoustics in high-risk newborns is limited. AIM: To examine whether parents' voices reduce heel puncture pain in high-risk newborns and the relationship between parents' vocal acoustics, physiological parameters and pain response. STUDY DESIGN: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with 105 high-risk newborn-parent dyads. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: recorded mother's voice, recorded father's voice or control group without any recorded voice. Outcome measures included heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and pain response assessed using the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale. Data analysis utilized generalized estimation equations, and parents' vocal acoustics were analysed using Praat voice credit software. RESULTS: The mother's voice group exhibited significantly lower heart rates at 1, 5 and 10 min after the procedure, along with lower respiratory rates and pain levels at 5 and 10 min after the procedure compared with the control group. Similarly, the father's voice group demonstrated significantly lower heart rates at 1 and 5 min after the procedure, decreased respiratory rates at 5 and 10 min after the procedure and reduced pain levels at 1 and 5 to 10 min after the procedure compared with the control group. Higher minimum and mean pitches in parents' voices correlated with slower heart rates, while slower parental speech was associated with reduced newborn pain. CONCLUSION: Both maternal and paternal vocal interventions alleviated pain during heel puncture procedures among high-risk newborns. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The noninvasive intervention serves as a reference for parental participation in care. Nurses can help parents to intervene with the acoustic characteristics that alleviate pain among high-risk newborns.

[The Unknown Journey: Uncertain Experiences in Mothers of Infants With Congenital Heart Disease Before Undergoing Open Heart Surgery].

BACKGROUND: Most children with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) require open-heart surgery within one year of birth to survive. Thus, new mothers of infants with CHD are faced with making unexpected and difficult decisions. PURPOSE: This study was designed to explore the essence of the maternal uncertain experience prior to infants with CHD undergoing open-heart surgery. METHODS: In this study, a phenomenological approach was used and data were collected using open-ended interview guidelines structured around the Uncertainty in Illness Theory. Nine mothers of infants with CHD who had received open-heart surgery were interviewed in a hospital interview room within two weeks the operation. Colaizzi's (1978) data processing procedure was applied in the post-interview analysis. RESULTS: Five themes emerged: (1) Hit bottom and felt helpless; (2) Hit the road - An overwhelming sense of emergency; (3) The crunch - Do your best to accept destiny (4) Disease brought the unknown; (5) Hope in uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS / IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The high-risk nature of and their unfamiliarity with the surgery made the participants experience illness uncertainty. The medical system should develop more-structured CHD information and provide emotional support in a timely manner to alleviate illness uncertainty in mothers of infants with CHD.

[Children Are Not Miniature Adults: Child-Friendly Healthcare in Practice].

Although, as eloquently stated by Swiss developmental psychologist Jean Piaget, "Children are not miniature adults" (Piaget, 2001), it remains common in pediatric clinical nursing practice to encounter viewpoints such as "Be patient and it will pass!" and "Is it really that bad?" as well as insensitive comments such as "Cry again, and I'll…" Dealing with children and their families during invasive treatments is a daily challenge as well as source of fulfillment for pediatric nurses. The concept of child-friendly care centers on providing support and care that addresses the needs of both the child and family to help them adapt to various situations within the healthcare environment (Lookabaugh & Ballard, 2018). Child-friendly healthcare must be grounded in the recognition of children's rights, which includes the right to health and the right to healthcare (Lenton & Ehrich, 2015). Strategies, policies, and environmental transformations are necessary to translate this concept into practice. One related strategy commonly used in pediatric nursing practice is therapeutic play, which encompasses instructional, cathartic, and physical health promotion categories (Hockenberry et al., 2023). By engaging in therapeutic play, hospitalized children can better comprehend the tests or treatments they are about to undergo, alleviate their fear and pain, and develop healthier behaviors. It is also crucial to approach long-debated issues such as whether children and adolescents should visit family members in intensive care units from a child-friendly perspective. German scholars Brauchle et al. (2023) proposed recommendations for child-friendly visitation policies that consider the prerequisites and responsibilities of medical staff, parents, and children. In recent years, Taiwan has made great strides in integrating child life specialists and art and music therapists into hospital medical teams. This inclusion is helping families better adapt to the medical environment and better cope with medical and treatment situations, fostering more-positive medical and nursing experiences (Fang et al., 2020). Furthermore, reconstructing the medical environment for children; designing safe and healing spaces (Chang, 2021); and providing overall-friendly physical, psychological, social, and spiritual care to children and their families are essential. Each of the three topics in this column reflect the relationships between pediatric emergency nurses and, respectively, patients, and the healing functions of music therapy and art therapy, and provide important insights into the world of children through the lens of child-friendly care.

[Reflection on Child-Friendly Healthcare in the Emergency Department From the Perspective of the Nurse-Patient Relationship].

Emergency nurses, especially when caring for pediatric patients, typically establish relationships with their patients under hectic and busy conditions. Thus, these nurses often rely on semi-coaxing / slightly stressful methods to quickly prepare patients to undergo necessary medical procedures. However these approaches cause tense relationships. To establish friendly bridges with pediatric patients, emergency nurses should adopt sincere and caring approaches. An approach based on Swanson's caring theory for applying child-friendly healthcare in the emergency department is proposed in this article. It is important to establish a friendly bridge with pediatric patients with emergency treatment needs and their families in a sincere and caring manner; to understand the needs of these children and their families when seeking medical treatment; to be present, listen, and respond to these patients and provide decision-making power when appropriate; and to provide professional care and method knowledge to empower families to care for their children. Accomplishing this may be expected to improve trust in both children with emergency medical needs and their families and thus decrease their anxiety, negative emotions, and stress. We hope that reflecting on the relationship between nurses and patients may further promote the practice of friendly healthcare in pediatric emergency departments.

Wavelength- and Angle-Selective Photodetectors Enabled by Graphene Hot Electrons with Tamm Plasmon Polaritons.

Recently, two-dimensional materials have attracted attention owing to their special optical characteristics and miniaturization, with low thickness as well as extremely high responsivity. Additionally, Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) resonance can be observed by combining a metal film and a one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal (PC), where an electric field confinement is located at the metal-1D PC interface. In this study, a graphene layer combined with a TPP is proposed as a wavelength- and angle-selective photodetector. The graphene layer is located where the strong field confinement occurs, and the photocurrent response is significantly enhanced with increasing absorption by over four times (from 62.5 µA⋅W-1 to 271 µA⋅W-1 and undetected state to 330 µA⋅W-1 in two different samples). Moreover, the graphene-TPP photodetector has wavelength and angle selectivity, which can be applied in LiDAR detecting, sun sensors, laser beacon tracking, and navigational instruments in the future.

Effects of virtual reality on preoperative anxiety in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

AIMS: To synthesise and evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality interventions in preoperative children. BACKGROUND: Children consider operations as a predictable threat and stressful event. Children's anxiety before an operation increases as the time draws closer. Children could understand the operating room environment and process before the operation using virtual reality, which may reduce their anxiety before an operation. DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials following the Cochrane method were conducted. METHOD: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Joanna Briggs Institute, MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for randomised controlled trials published before February 2021. A random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals was performed. Conduction of the review adheres to the PRISMA checklist. RESULTS: Of 257 articles screened, six interventions involving 529 participants aged 4-12 years were included in the analysis. All study evidence levels were B2/Level 2, the quality was medium to high on the modified Jadad scale, with a low risk of bias. The results revealed that virtual reality significantly reduced preoperative anxiety in children (SMD: -0.91, 95% CI: -1.43 to -0.39, p = .0006). Furthermore, virtual reality significantly improved children's compliance with anaesthesia (SMD: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.32 to 9.21, p = .01). CONCLUSION: Children who used virtual reality before an operation felt more familiar with the operating room environment and understood the preoperative preparation procedures. Virtual reality effectively reduced children's anxiety and improved their compliance with anaesthesia. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effect of virtual reality on preoperative anxiety in children and the findings supported its positive effects. The results could provide a reference for incorporating virtual reality into preoperative preparation guidelines.

Urban-Rural Disparity in the Incidence of Diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorder in Taiwan: A 10-Year National Birth Cohort Follow-up Study.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is reportedly more prevalent in urban areas partly because of better accessibility and affordability to healthcare. With universal health insurance coverage in Taiwan, a previous study has shown no urban-rural disparity in the utilization rate of a child's preventive healthcare. Under this circumstance, we followed a birth cohort of 176,273 live births from 2006 to 2015 to detect the differences in ASD incidence between urbanicities. After adjusting for socioeconomic factors, children were 1.28 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13-1.44) and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.36-1.75) more likely to acquire ASD in satellite and urban areas compared with those in rural areas, respectively. A gradient association between parental educational attainment and ASD incidence was also noted. Greater ASD incidences in more urbanized areas and more advanced educated parents' children were detected under a circumstance with low barriers to healthcare.

Association between lifestyle-related, psychosocial factors and obesity among female adolescents in Taiwan.

PURPOSE: To examine a wide range of potential contributors to the risk of obesity in female adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS: Data for this study were collected using a cross-sectional design. A group of 175 female adolescents were recruited, and information on their demographic characteristics, lifestyle-related behaviors, and psychosocial factors was collected using a self-administered questionnaire during September 2018 to January 2019. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. RESULTS: An overestimation of body weight was negatively correlated with overweight in the female adolescents. Age at menarche was negatively correlated with the arisk of overweight. Adolescents who slept for >7 h on weekend nights were less likely to be overweight. Eating more cheese, fish, seafood, and organ meats was negatively correlated with obesity risk. The female adolescents were more likely to become overweight if they ate dinners prepared by family and experienced more disturbances from parents and other family members. CONCLUSIONS: Female adolescents are a unique population affected by obesity. Although incorporating both lifestyle-related behavioral and psychosocial factors in future investigations and developing multicomponent interventions for obesity prevention are crucial, female adolescents should receive the utmost attention from researchers to alleviate the health burden of obesity. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The intertwined nature of obesity-related factors warrants future investigations to elaborate their roles interplaying with the risk of obesity. Multicomponent interventions should be developed, and nurses and health-care providers should target their efforts on obesity prevention for this specific population.

Developing the "Healthcare CEO App" for patients with type 1 diabetes transitioning from adolescence to young adulthood: A mixed-methods study.

AIM: To develop and test a mobile application that supports the disease self-management of adolescents with type 1 diabetes during their transition to early adulthood. DESIGN: A sequential mixed-methods design was employed. METHODS: The application content was designed according to previously identified care needs and expectations, followed by application development on the Android operating system. From the outpatient clinic of the Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism at a medical centre in northern Taiwan, 35 individuals aged between 16-25 years participated in application testing. RESULTS: The overall median score of the QUIS was 4-5, most of the 25% quartile was 4-5, and all of the 75% quartile was 5, indicating adequate user interaction satisfaction.

Children's perceptions of interactive virtual-reality interventions implemented before and after intravenous cannulation.

BACKGROUND: Although some studies have reported evidence of the effectiveness of virtual-reality interventions implemented for children undergoing intravenous (IV) cannulation, children's perceptions of virtual-reality interventions implemented during IV cannulation warrant further exploration. AIMS: To explore the school-aged children's perceptions of interactive virtual-reality interventions implemented before and after IV cannulation. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study was adopted. Sixty-nine children aged 6-12 years from two medical centers were recruited and interviewed from June to September 2020. After the completion of the immersive virtual-reality scene of IV cannulation before undergoing actual IV cannulation and the emotionally cathartic virtual-reality play after the placement process, individual interviews were conducted with the children in the paediatric wards. Inductive content analysis was performed to analyse children's perceptions. The study complied with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. RESULTS: Three categories related to children's perception of interactive virtual-reality interventions implemented before and after IV cannulation were identified: (1) feelings towards and coping strategies employed during IV cannulation; (2) mental preparation through immersion in the virtual-reality scene; and (3) healing effects of immersive cathartic play. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that interactive virtual-reality interventions can help hospitalised children mentally prepare for medical procedures, obtain knowledge regarding such procedures, and overcome their fear of needles. The children's reported perceptions of the virtual-reality interventions indicated that the interventions were age-appropriate, safe and fun. The results of this study highlight the need to more thoroughly understand the perceptions of hospitalised children and may serve as a reference for designing child-friendly care interventions for nursing practice.

Correction: Development of a Therapeutic Video Game With the MDA Framework to Decrease Anxiety in Preschool-Aged Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Mixed Methods Approach.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/37079.].