Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 25
Filtrar
1.
Nutrients ; 14(10)2022 May 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35631289

RESUMO

Nephropathy caused by diabetes mellitus (DM) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). To understand the association of dietary intake with renal function indicators among patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), this cross-sectional study was conducted at the dietetic consultation clinic of the Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital in Taiwan. In total, 317 participants were recruited for this study. Patients with diabetes who had a urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) of ≥30 mg/g were defined as having DN. The anthropometric characteristics, blood biochemistry, and renal function of the participants were assessed. Furthermore, a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) was administered to investigate the dietary intake of the participants in the DM and DN groups. The result showed that participants in the DN group were older, had longer diabetes duration and poorer glycemic control and renal function than those in the DM group. Logistic regression models revealed that intake of high-fat marine fishes had the lowest odds ratio (OR) for DN risk compared with other fishes (OR: 0.868; 95% CI: 0.781-0.965, p = 0.009). Shellfish, soybean products, and skim milk also provided better protective effects to decrease the risk of DN. A further analysis of polyunsaturated fatty acids revealed that Σn-3 PUFAs significantly reduced DN risk, while Σn-6 PUFAs did not, especially EPA (OR: 0.821; 95% CI: 0.688-0.979, p = 0.029) and DHA (OR: 0.903; 95% CI: 0.823-0.992, p = 0.033) regardless of whether the variables were adjusted, including diabetes duration, age, and HbA1c. Our findings suggest that a diet that incorporates high-fat fish, shellfish, soybean products, and a lower Σn-6/Σn-3 ratio can mitigate DN risk.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Nefropatias Diabéticas , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3 , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Nefropatias Diabéticas/etiologia , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados , Hospitais de Distrito , Humanos , Taiwan/epidemiologia
2.
Pharmaceutics ; 14(2)2022 Feb 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35214168

RESUMO

Mushrooms belong to the family "Fungi" and became famous for their medicinal properties and easy accessibility all over the world. Because of its pharmaceutical properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties, it became a hot topic among scientists. However, depending on species and varieties, most of the medicinal properties became indistinct. With this interest, an attempt has been made to scrutinize the role of edible mushrooms (EM) in diabetes mellitus treatment. A systematic contemporary literature review has been carried out from all records such as Science Direct, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar with an aim to represents the work has performed on mushrooms focuses on diabetes, insulin resistance (IR), and preventive mechanism of IR, using different kinds of mushroom extracts. The final review represents that EM plays an important role in anticipation of insulin resistance with the help of active compounds, i.e., polysaccharide, vitamin D, and signifies α-glucosidase or α-amylase preventive activities. Although most of the mechanism is not clear yet, many varieties of mushrooms' medicinal properties have not been studied properly. So, in the future, further investigation is needed on edible medicinal mushrooms to overcome the research gap to use its clinical potential to prevent non-communicable diseases.

3.
Nutrition ; 90: 111173, 2021 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33964489

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of convenience and beverage stores in Taiwan provides an environment for children to access different beverages. To our knowledge, the relationship between beverage consumption types and anthropometrics in children has not been reported in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the consumption frequency of beverage type and anthropometrics in third-grade children. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 10 elementary schools in 12 administrative regions distributed evenly throughout Taipei City from June 2017 to December 2018. Parents of 515 children completed a questionnaire with written instructions, which was designed to collect demographic characteristics, frequency of consumed beverage types, and anthropometrics. This study was novel because beverage types were categorized based on sugar and protein contents, namely nutritious, sugar, nutritious and sugar, and non-nutritious and sugar-free. The differences in height and body weight between intake frequencies within each beverage type were determined using analysis of variance test or nonparametric statistics, depending on the confirmation of normal data distribution. RESULTS: Height and weight of children consuming the most nutritious beverages fell in the highest respective percentile compared with those who did not consume them (P = 0.001 and 0.035, respectively). Consumption of nutritious and sugar and sugar beverages were not associated with height, body weight, or body mass index. Children who consumed more non-nutritious and sugar-free beverages were significantly heavier (P = 0.016) and had a higher body mass index (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: This was the first study conducted on third-grade children in Taiwan showing the beverage consumption type was associated with anthropometrics. Nutritious beverages appear to be a better choice for growth in children. Nevertheless, additional related studies, including an overall assessment of children's calorie and nutrient intakes and related dietary behaviors, are warranted to provide more helpful information for policymakers.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Dieta , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Ingestão de Energia , Humanos , Taiwan/epidemiologia
4.
Bot Stud ; 62(1): 7, 2021 May 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34003397

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: White sweet potato (WSP; Ipomoea batatas L. Simon No. 1) has many potential beneficial effects on metabolic control and diabetes-related insulin resistance. The improvement of insulin resistance by WSP tuber extracts on glucose uptake were not investigated in C2C12 myoblast cells. RESULTS: WSP tuberous ethanol extract (WSP-E) was partitioned with ethyl-acetate and water to obtain ethyl-acetate layer (WSP-EA) and water layer (WSP-EW). The WSP-EA shows the highest total phenolic contents and highest antioxidant activity by Folin-Ciocalteu and (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate, DPPH) assay, respectively. After low concentration horse serum on differentiation inducement of C2C12 myoblasts into mature myotubes, the cells were treated with TNF-α to induce insulin resistance. WSP-EA and WSP-EW extracts increased the uptake of fluorescence glucose analogue (2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 2-NBDG) in a dose-dependent manner as examined by flow cytometry. The WSP-EA enhanced glucose uptake by activation of phosphorylation of IR (pIR), IRS-1 (pIRS-1) and Akt (pAkt) involved in PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, also upregulated glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression in myotubes. CONCLUSIONS: WSP-EA enhanced the glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes through upregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. The in vitro data reveal that WSP tuber extracts has potential applications to improve insulin resistance in diabetes.

5.
Food Nutr Res ; 642020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32425738

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: White sweet potato (WSP) has many potential beneficial effects on metabolic control and on diabetes-related insulin resistance. The antihyperglycemic effects of Tainung No. 10 (TNG10), a variety of WSP in Taiwan, warrant investigation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antidiabetic activity of WSP (Ipomoea batatas L. TNG10) and the mechanisms for interventions using whole leaves or tubers of WSP in diabetic mice. DESIGN: Mice were co-administered with streptozotocin and nicotinamide to induce diabetes and then treated with an experimental diet including either 10% WSP tuber (10%-T) and 30% WSP tuber (30%-T) or 0.5% WSP leaf (0.5%-L) and 5% WSP leaf (5%-L). After 8 weeks' treatment, their plasma glycemic parameters, lipid profiles, and inflammatory marker were analyzed. Their pancreases were removed for histopathologic image analysis; proteins were also extracted from their muscles for phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway analysis. RESULTS: The 30%-T or 5%-L mice had lower plasma glucose, insulin, glucose area under the curve (AUC), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), alanine transaminase, triglyceride, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. In all diabetic mice, their Langerhans's area was reduced by 60%; however, after 30% WSP-T or 5% WSP-L diets, the mice demonstrated significant restoration of the Langerhans's areas (approximately 30%). Only in 5%-L mice, slightly increased expression of insulin-signaling pathway-related proteins, phosphorylated insulin receptor and protein kinase B and membrane glucose transporter 4 was noted. CONCLUSIONS: WSP has antihyperglycemic effects by inducing pancreatic islet regeneration and insulin resistance amelioration. Therefore, WSP has potential applications in dietary diabetes management.

6.
Nutrients ; 12(2)2020 Feb 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32033065

RESUMO

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and insufficiency (VDI) are common among exclusively breastfeeding infants. However, epidemiological evidence for the prevalence of VDD in infants during their first year of life in Taiwan has never been found. This trial determined the prevalence of VDD and VDI and the association between dietary vitamin D and vitamin D nutritional status in Northern Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted on infants who returned to well-baby examinations from October 2012 to January 2014 in three hospitals: Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei Medical University Hospital, and Shuang Ho Hospital. The specific vitamin D cut-off concentrations for VDD, VDI, and VDS are 25(OH)D3 levels ≤ 20, 21-29, and ≥ 30 (ng/mL). Overall, 481 infants' parents completed a questionnaire comprising questions related to vitamin D nutritional status, including weekly time outdoors, breastfeeding status, anthropometric measurement, and assessment of dietary intake, including milk and complementary food. The results revealed that 197 (41%) and 212 (44%) of infants in their first year of life had VDI and VDD, respectively, by the Endocrine Society guidelines. Breastfed infants had a higher prevalence of VDI (86.1%) than did mixed-fed (51.9%) and formula-fed (38.5%) infants (p < 0.001). The prevalence of VDD was 55.4% in infants aged under six months but increased to 61.6% in infants aged over six months. Infants in the VDI and VDD groups had the same anthropometrics as those in the vitamin D sufficiency (VDS) group. Our results revealed that 25(OH)D3 had a negative correlation with the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) when the serum 25(OH)D3 level ≤ 20 ng/mL (r = -0.21, p = 0.001). The VDS group had a higher total vitamin D intake than did the VDI and VDD groups, which was mainly obtained from infant formula. Our data revealed that dietary vitamin D intake and birth season were major indicators in predicting VDD. Lower dietary vitamin D intake and born in winter and spring significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) for VDI by 1.15 (95% CI 1.09-1.20) and 2.02 (95% CI 1.10-3.70), respectively, and that for VDD by 1.23 (95% CI 1.16-1.31) and 2.37 (95% CI 1.35-4.17) without covariates adjustment, respectively. Furthermore, ORs for VDI and VDD significantly differed after adjustment for covariates. In conclusion, the prevalence of VDI and VDD were high in infants during the first year of life. Breastfeeding infants had difficulty in obtaining sufficient vitamin D from diet. In cases where the amount of sun exposure that is safe and sufficient to improve vitamin D status is unclear, breastfed infants aged below one year old are recommended to be supplemented with vitamin D.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno/efeitos adversos , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Deficiência de Vitamina D/epidemiologia , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Antropometria , Estudos Transversais , Dieta/métodos , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Ingestão de Alimentos/fisiologia , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Razão de Chances , Prevalência , Estações do Ano , Taiwan , Vitamina D/análise , Vitamina D/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina D/etiologia
7.
Nutrients ; 12(1)2020 Jan 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31947816

RESUMO

Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) typically occur in developing countries. Notably, ID and IDA can affect an infant's emotion, cognition, and development. Breast milk is considered the best food for infants. However, recent studies have indicated that breastfeeding for more than six months increases the risk of ID. This study investigated the prevalence of ID and IDA, as well as the association between feeding type and iron nutritional status in northern Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted on infants who returned to the well-baby clinic for routine examination from October 2012 to January 2014. Overall, 509 infants aged 1-12 months completed the iron nutritional status analysis, anthropometric measurement, and dietary intake assessment, including milk and complementary foods. The results revealed that 49 (10%) and 21 (4%) infants in their first year of life had ID and IDA, respectively, based on the World Health Organization criteria. Breastfed infants had a higher prevalence rate of ID and IDA than mixed-fed and formula-fed infants (p < 0.001). Regarding biomarkers of iron status, plasma hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin, and transferrin saturation (%) levels were significantly lower in ID and IDA groups. The prevalence of ID and IDA were 3.7% and 2.7%, respectively, in infants under six months of age, but increased to 20.4% and 6.6%, respectively, in infants above six months of age. The healthy group had a higher total iron intake than ID and IDA groups, mainly derived from infant formula. The total dietary iron intake was positively correlated with infants' Hb levels. Compared with formula-fed infants, the logistic regression revealed that the odds ratio for ID was 2.157 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.369-3.399) and that for IDA was 4.196 (95% CI: 1.780-9.887) among breastfed infants (p < 0.001) after adjusted for all confounding factors (including gestational week, birthweight, sex, body weight percentile, body length percentile, age of infants, mothers' BMI, gestational weight gain, education level, and hemoglobin level before delivery). In conclusion, our results determined that breastfeeding was associated with an increased the prevalence of ID and/or IDA, especially in infants above six months. This suggests that mothers who prolonged breastfeed after six months could provide high-quality iron-rich foods to reduce the prevalence of ID and IDA.


Assuntos
Anemia Ferropriva/epidemiologia , Deficiências de Ferro , Ferro/sangue , Estado Nutricional , Anemia Ferropriva/etiologia , Aleitamento Materno/efeitos adversos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Fórmulas Infantis/efeitos adversos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Razão de Chances , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Taiwan/epidemiologia
8.
Nutr Metab (Lond) ; 16: 70, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31636690

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of diabetes-related microvascular and macrovascular complications, thus diabetic patients with a functioning gastrointestinal tract but without sufficient oral intake require enteral nutrition (EN) formulas to control blood glucose. White sweet potato (WSP) was a kind of sweet potato could provide a healthy carbohydrate source to EN formula. The aim of this study was to examine at risk of malnutrition T2DM patients whether a WSP-EN would attenuate glucose response and elevate nutritional index compared to a standard polymeric formulas. METHODS: In this randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical trial to investigate the effects of EN with WSP on aged residents with T2DM in long-term care institutions. In total, 54 eligible participants were randomly assigned to either the non-WSP-EN or WSP-EN group. For 60 days, the WSP-EN group received a WSP formula through nasogastric tube via a stoma with a large-bore syringe. The participants received EN of standard polymeric formulas without WSP in the non-WSP-EN group. RESULTS: The body weight, body mass index, Mini Nutritional Assessment score, and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index were significantly higher in the WSP-EN group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the WSP-EN intervention reduced glycated hemoglobin levels (6.73% ± 1.47% vs. 6.40% ± 1.16%), but increased transferrin (223.06 ± 38.85 vs. 245.85 ± 46.08 mg/dL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (42.13 ± 10.56 vs. 44.25 ± 8.43 mg/dL), and vitamin A (2.45 ± 0.77 vs 2.74 ± 0.93 µM) levels (p < 0.05). In addition, there was no important side effects including gastrointestinal intolerance with prescribed doses in our WSP-EN treated patients when compared with control ones. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest WSP incorporated into enteral formulas can improve nutrition status and glycemic control in elderly diabetic patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02711839, registered 27 May 2015.

9.
Nutrients ; 11(6)2019 May 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31141947

RESUMO

Taiwanese women may practice traditional confinement after childbirth, and no study has investigated the nutritional status and the effects of postpartum depression on such women. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nutritional status and postpartum depression at 6-8 weeks postpartum. A cross-sectional study was conducted on postpartum women who returned to the obstetrics and gynecology clinic for routine examination from January 2016 to September 2017. A total of 344 women received assessments based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). An EPDS score of ≥10 indicated the presence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS). A total of 97 women without such symptoms and 23 with PPDS completed nutritional parameter analyses and questionnaires. The results showed that the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) was 8.4%. The proportion was 70% for those who practiced confinement at home, significantly higher than for those in the non-PPDS group (45%). The overall psychological stress score was significantly higher and the postpartum care satisfaction score was significantly lower in those with PPDS compared to those without. In terms of nutritional biomarkers, the plasma riboflavin levels in the PPDS group were significantly lower than those in their symptomless counterparts (13.9%). The vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency rates in the non-PPD and PPDS groups were 35%, 41%, 48%, 26%, respectively. However, compared with those in the non-PPDS group, those with PPDS had significantly higher ratios of Σn-6/Σn-3, C20:3n-6/C18:3n-6, and C20:4n-6/(C20:5n-3 + C22:6n-3) (by 8.2%, 79.7%, and 8.8%, respectively), whereas they had lower ratios of C22:6n-3/C22:5n-6 (by 15.5%). Higher plasma riboflavin and erythrocyte C16:1n-9, C24:1n-9, C18:3n-6, and C20:5n-3 levels and lower Σn-6 fatty acid and C22:5n-6 levels decreased the risk of PPD after type of confinement, overall mental stress scores, and postpartum care satisfaction scores were adjusted for the logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, the plasma riboflavin level and erythrocyte fatty acid composition are potentially major contributors to PPD development.


Assuntos
Afeto , Depressão Pós-Parto/psicologia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Materna , Estado Nutricional , Período Pós-Parto , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Depressão Pós-Parto/sangue , Depressão Pós-Parto/diagnóstico , Depressão Pós-Parto/epidemiologia , Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Prevalência , Riboflavina/sangue , Fatores de Risco , Taiwan/epidemiologia
10.
Nutrients ; 11(1)2019 Jan 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30646532

RESUMO

Overweight and obesity are a global concern. Meal replacements (MRs) are portion- and calorie-controlled meals, which make the food environment part of an individual's weight loss regimen. White sweet potato (WSP; Ipomoea batatas L.), used in traditional medicine in Brazil, Japan, and Taiwan, is a healthy carbohydrate source. In this randomized controlled trial, we assessed the effects of a WSP formula on body weight management in 58 white-collar workers through MR to elucidate the effects of this WSP-MR on factors leading to overweight. The participants consumed either two packs a day for a total of 132 g of WSP (WSP-MR group) or a normal diet daily (non-WSP group) for eight weeks. After eight weeks, body weight, body fat, body mass index, wrist circumference, thigh circumference, calf circumference, mid-arm circumference, and triceps skinfolds decreased significantly in both the groups. Moreover, the WSP-MR group demonstrated a 5% decrease in body weight, body fat, body mass index, and mid-arm circumference and a 3.5% decrease in glycated hemoglobin levels (p < 0.05). The treatment was well tolerated, without side effects or adverse events. Thus, our WSP formula as an MR can facilitate individual weight loss and thus has commercial application in the food industry.


Assuntos
Ipomoea batatas/química , Refeições , Sobrepeso/dietoterapia , Adulto , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Glicemia/metabolismo , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Colesterol/sangue , Creatinina/sangue , Dieta , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/dietoterapia , Triglicerídeos/sangue
11.
Nutr Metab (Lond) ; 14: 51, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28785295

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Almonds can decrease glycemic index of co-consumed foods and are a rich source for oleic acid and α-tocopherol. The aim of the randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial was to examine whether as compared to NCEP step II diet as control (CON), ~60 g/d almonds (ALM) added to CON would improve glucoregulation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in 33 Chinese T2DM patients. METHODS: Forty T2DM patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive CON or ALM for 12 wks after a 2-wk. run-in period. Blood and urine samples were collected in the beginning and at the end of each dietary intervention phase for the assessment of biomarkers of glucoregulation, lipid profile, inflammation, and oxidative stress. RESULTS: While ALM had a better overall nutritional quality than CON, neither ALM nor CON improved the glycemic status as the primary study outcome and other CVD risk factors, except the circulating nitric oxide being decreased by ALM compared to CON. Among 27 of 33 patients with the baseline HbA1c ≤8, ALM decreased post-interventional fasting serum glucose and HbA1c by 5.9% and 3.0% as compared to that of CON, respectively (P = 0.01 and 0.04). Mean total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were not changed by both diets. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest almonds incorporated into healthful diets can improve glycemic status in diabetic patients with a better glycemic control. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01656850, registered 13 January 2012.

12.
Eur J Nutr ; 52(3): 927-35, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22722891

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Almond consumption is associated with ameliorations in obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. The hypothesis of this 12-week randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial was that almond consumption would ameliorate inflammation and oxidative stress in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (9 M, 11 F; 58 years; BMI: 26 kg/m²) with mild hyperlipidemia. METHODS: After a 2-week run-in period, the patients were assigned to either a control NCEP step II diet (control diet) or almond diet for 4 weeks with a 2-week washout period between alternative diets. Almonds approximately at 56 g/day were added to the control diet to replace 20 % of total daily calorie intake. RESULTS: As compared to the control diet, the almond diet decreased IL-6 by a median 10.3 % (95 % confidence intervals 5.2, 12.6 %), CRP by a median 10.3 % (-24.1, 40.5), and TNF-α by a median 15.7 % (-0.3, 29.9). The almond diet also decreased plasma protein carbonyl by a median 28.2 % (4.7, 38.2) as compared to the C diet but did not alter plasma malondialdehyde. The A diet enhanced the resistance of LDL against Cu²âº-induced oxidation by a median 16.3 % (7.4, 44.3) as compared to the C diet. Serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular adhesion molecule-1 were not changed by both diets. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that incorporation of almonds into a healthy diet could ameliorate inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with T2DM.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Dieta com Restrição de Gorduras , Hiperlipidemias/prevenção & controle , Nozes , Estresse Oxidativo , Prunus , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Cross-Over , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/imunologia , Regulação para Baixo , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/complicações , Hiperlipidemias/fisiopatologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/sangue , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sobrepeso/complicações , Carbonilação Proteica , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Taiwan
13.
Nutrition ; 27(11-12): 1177-82, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21763106

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of polyphenols in purple sweet potato leaves (PSPLs) on angiogenesis in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). The ex vivo effect was test in human serum collected from the subjects who consumed 200 g of PSPL in a low polyphenol diet versus a low polyphenol diet. METHODS: Methanolic extract from PSPLs and human sera from subjects were treated with HUVECs and the effects of cell proliferation, migration, tube formation, and matrix metalloproteinase activity were investigated. RESULTS: The PSPL polyphenols at 0.2 to 0.6 mM gallic acid equivalents inhibited proliferation, migration, and tube formation of vascular endothelial growth factor-treated HUVECs. Further, the activity of secreted matrix metalloproteinase-2 was decreased by at least 13.8%. However, 5% PSPL serum increased migration and tube formation of HUVECs by 110% and 56.9%, respectively, compared with serum from subjects on the low polyphenol diet. Further, the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 was increased by 128% in the PSPL serum. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PSPL polyphenols inhibited in vitro angiogenesis, but PSPL constituents might shift serum biochemistries to be more proangiogenic.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Ipomoea batatas/química , Neovascularização Fisiológica , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Adulto , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Estudos Cross-Over , Feminino , Ácido Gálico , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/efeitos dos fármacos , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/metabolismo , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/efeitos dos fármacos , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , Adulto Jovem
14.
J Sci Food Agric ; 91(3): 547-52, 2011 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21218491

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) is a cereal crop used in traditional Chinese medicine and as a nutritious food. Epidemiologists have suspected that the low cancer rates in southeastern China might be related to adlay. Previous studies have shown that adlay has anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory activity. This study investigated the effect of adlay bran and its fractions on chemically induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. RESULTS: Adlay bran and its ethanolic extract and residue significantly reduced the number of preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and modified their mucin composition. The inhibitory effect of adlay bran ethanolic extract on ACF showed a dose dependence. Adlay bran and its ethanolic extract suppressed small ACF (one, two or three crypts) and ACF in the distal colon, while the residue suppressed large ACF (four or more crypts). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the possibility that adlay bran and its ethanolic extract and residue inhibit colonic preneoplastic lesions in an early stage. Adlay and its fractions may have the potential to be developed as chemopreventive cereal products.


Assuntos
Focos de Criptas Aberrantes/prevenção & controle , Coix , Colo/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias do Colo/prevenção & controle , Grão Comestível , Mucinas/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Focos de Criptas Aberrantes/metabolismo , Focos de Criptas Aberrantes/patologia , Animais , China , Colo/metabolismo , Colo/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Masculino , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344
15.
Metabolism ; 60(4): 474-9, 2011 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20580779

RESUMO

Almond consumption is associated with ameliorations in obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. The hypothesis of this 12-week randomized crossover clinical trial was that almond consumption would improve glycemic control and decrease the risk for cardiovascular disease in 20 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (9 male, 11 female; 58 years old; body mass index, 26 kg/m²) with mild hyperlipidemia. After a 2-week run-in period, patients were assigned to either a control National Cholesterol Education Program step II diet (control diet) or an almond diet for 4 weeks, with a 2-week washout period between alternative diets. Almonds were added to the control diet to replace 20% of total daily calorie intake. Addition of approximately 60 g almonds per day increased dietary intakes of fiber, magnesium, polyunsaturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, and vitamin E. Body fat determined with bioelectrical impedance analysis was significantly lower in patients consuming almonds (almonds vs control: 29.6% vs 30.4%). The almond diet enhanced plasma α-tocopherol level by a median 26.8% (95% confidence intervals, 15.1-36.6) compared with control diet. Furthermore, almond intake decreased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 6.0% (1.6-9.4), 11.6% (2.8-19.1), and 9.7% (0.3-20.9), respectively. Plasma apolipoprotein (apo) B levels, apo B/apo A-1 ratio, and nonesterified fatty acid also decreased significantly by 15.6% (5.1-25.4), 17.4% (2.8-19.9), and 5.5% (3.0-14.4), respectively. Compared with subjects in the control diet, those in the almond diet had 4.1% (0.9-12.5), 0.8% (0.4-6.3), and 9.2% (4.4-13.2) lower levels of fasting insulin, fasting glucose, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, respectively. Our results suggested that incorporation of almonds into a healthy diet has beneficial effects on adiposity, glycemic control, and the lipid profile, thereby potentially decreasing the risk for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.


Assuntos
Glicemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Dieta , Lipídeos/sangue , Prunus , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Estatura/fisiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Estudos Cross-Over , Feminino , Humanos , Resistência à Insulina/fisiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Taiwan , alfa-Tocoferol/sangue
16.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 48(7): 1913-8, 2010 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20430062

RESUMO

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is a water-soluble vitamin essential for normal cellular functions, growth and development. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin B2 on the survival rate, and expressions of tissue heat shock protein 25 (HSP25) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in mice undergoing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced shock. Mice were assigned to four groups, saline vehicle, LPS, LPS plus low dose of vitamin B2 (LB2) and LPS plus high dose of vitamin B2 (HB2). Vitamin B2 (1 and 10mg/kg BW) was administered intraperitoneally at 2 and 0 h before the i.p. administration of LPS. At the end of the experiment, the survival rate monitored was 10, 20, 60, and 100% for LPS, LB2, HB2, and saline mice, respectively. HSP25 expressions in the heart and lung were significantly enhanced in a time-dependent manner in the HB2 mice as compared to the saline mice (p < 0.05), but not altered in the LB2 mice. In the HB2 mice, plasma riboflavin concentrations reached 300 nM at 6h post LPS and returned to the 0 h level at 72 h. The results showed that high dose of riboflavin could decrease LPS-induced mortality through an increased expression of HSP25.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Choque Térmico/biossíntese , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/fisiologia , Lipopolissacarídeos/antagonistas & inibidores , Lipopolissacarídeos/toxicidade , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Proteínas de Neoplasias/fisiologia , Riboflavina/farmacologia , Choque Séptico/prevenção & controle , Vitaminas/farmacologia , Animais , Western Blotting , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Transcrição de Choque Térmico , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Chaperonas Moleculares , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/biossíntese , Riboflavina/sangue , Choque Séptico/induzido quimicamente , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Vitaminas/sangue
17.
J Inherit Metab Dis ; 33 Suppl 3: S83-90, 2010 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20058079

RESUMO

Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD IV; Andersen disease) is caused by a deficiency of glycogen branching enzyme (GBE), leading to excessive deposition of structurally abnormal, amylopectin-like glycogen in affected tissues. The accumulated glycogen lacks multiple branch points and thus has longer outer branches and poor solubility, causing irreversible tissue and organ damage. Although classic GSD IV presents with early onset of hepatosplenomegaly with progressive liver cirrhosis, GSD IV exhibits extensive clinical heterogeneity with respect to age at onset and variability in pattern and extent of organ and tissue involvement. With the advent of cloning and determination of the genomic structure of the human GBE gene (GBE1), molecular analysis and characterization of underlying disease-causing mutations is now possible. A variety of disease-causing mutations have been identified in the GBE1 gene in GSD IV patients, many of whom presented with diverse clinical phenotypes. Detailed biochemical and genetic analyses of three unrelated patients suspected to have GSD IV are presented here. Two novel missense mutations (p.Met495Thr and p.Pro552Leu) and a novel 1-bp deletion mutation (c.1999delA) were identified. A variety of mutations in GBE1 have been previously reported, including missense and nonsense mutations, nucleotide deletions and insertions, and donor and acceptor splice-site mutations. Mutation analysis is useful in confirming the diagnosis of GSD IV--especially when higher residual GBE enzyme activity levels are seen and enzyme analysis is not definitive--and allows for further determination of potential genotype/phenotype correlations in this disease.


Assuntos
Sistema da Enzima Desramificadora do Glicogênio/genética , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo IV/genética , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Deleção de Sequência , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Testes Genéticos/métodos , Sistema da Enzima Desramificadora do Glicogênio/metabolismo , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo IV/complicações , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo IV/diagnóstico , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo IV/enzimologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Linhagem , Fenótipo , Prognóstico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
18.
Mutat Res ; 657(2): 98-104, 2008 Dec 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18775795

RESUMO

The inhibitory effects of four chlorophyll derivatives (chlorophyllide [Chlide] a and b and pheophorbide [Pho] a and b) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-DNA adduct formation, and on the modulation of hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) were evaluated in murine hepatoma (Hepa-1) cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that pretreatment with Chlide or Pho significantly reduced the formation of AFB1-DNA adducts, and that Pho was the most potent inhibitor. However, wash-out prior to adding AFB1 totally eliminated inhibition by Childe and partially eliminated inhibition by Pho, indicating that the inhibitory effect of Chlide, and to some extent Pho, was mediated through direct trapping of AFB1. Furthermore, spectrophotometric analysis showed that Pho treatment could increase GST activity in Hepa-1 cells. These observations indicate that the chlorophyll derivatives studied may attenuate AFB1-induced DNA damage in the Hepa-1 cell by direct trapping of AFB1. Pho provided additional protection not only by direct trapping, but also by increasing GST activity against hepatic AFB1 metabolites.


Assuntos
Aflatoxina B1/metabolismo , Anticarcinógenos/farmacologia , Clorofila/análogos & derivados , Clorofila/farmacologia , Adutos de DNA/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/metabolismo , Aflatoxina B1/toxicidade , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Clorofilídeos/farmacologia , Adutos de DNA/toxicidade , Glutationa Transferase/metabolismo , Camundongos
19.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr ; 17(3): 408-14, 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18818160

RESUMO

Consumption of polyphenols is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, possibly via a variety of bio-mechanisms, including antioxidation and anti-inflammation. Purple sweet potato leaves (PSPL) commonly consumed in Asia possess polyphenols. In this study, we aim to investigate antioxidant effect of 200 g/d PSPL containing 902 mg polyphenols in a clinical trial. This randomized, crossover clinical study included 16 healthy adults (7 M, 9 F; aged 20-22 y). After a 1-wk run period, subjects were assigned randomly to receive either PSPL or low polyphenol diet (LPD) for 2 wks, followed by a 2-wk washout period before crossing over to the alternate diet. Fasting blood and 24-h urine samples were collected from each subject at day 0, 7 and 14 of each phase. Our data showed PSPL consumption enhanced urinary total phenol excretion by 24.5% at day 14 as compared to day 0, while the LPD decreased total phenol content in plasma and urine by 3.3 and 16.3%, respectively (p< or =0.05). Low-density lipoprotein lag time and glutathione concentration in erythrocytes at day 14 was significantly enhanced by 15.0 and 33.3% by PSPL as compared to day 0, respectively, while their values were not altered by the LPD. Urinary 8-hydoxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) excretion decreased significantly by PSPL consumptoin by 36.7% at day 7 as compared to day 0, yet unchanged by the LPD (p< or =0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that polyphenols in 200 g PSPL were bioavailable and could enhance antioxidant defense and decrease oxidative stress in young healthy people.


Assuntos
Dano ao DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Flavonoides/farmacocinética , Ipomoea batatas/química , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenóis/farmacocinética , Folhas de Planta/química , 8-Hidroxi-2'-Desoxiguanosina , Disponibilidade Biológica , Estudos Cross-Over , Desoxiguanosina/análogos & derivados , Desoxiguanosina/urina , Feminino , Flavonoides/administração & dosagem , Flavonoides/sangue , Flavonoides/urina , Humanos , Masculino , Oxirredução , Fenóis/administração & dosagem , Fenóis/sangue , Fenóis/urina , Polifenóis , Adulto Jovem
20.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr ; 16(4): 609-15, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18042519

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the consumption of purple sweet potato leaves (PSPLs) on the immune response and the modulation of that response in 15 basketball players during a training period. They completed the 7-week study consisted of a run-in period (week 1), a PSPLs diet (200 g PSPLs/d; weeks 2, 3), a washout period (weeks 4, 5), and a control diet (low polyphenols content and carotenoid content adjusted to the same level as that of PSPLs diet; weeks 6 and 7). Blood, urine, and saliva samples were collected for biochemical analysis. The results showed that the plasma polyphenols concentration increased significantly in the PSPLs period. Compared with the control period, the PSPLs consumption produced a significant increase in the proliferation responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), cytotoxic activity of nature killer (NK) cells, and secretion of interferon (IFN)-gamma. However, no significant increase in the secretion of salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA), interleukin (IL)-2, or interleukin-4 was observed after PSPLs consumption. In conclusion, consumption of a PSPLs diet for 2 weeks can modulate the immune response of basketball players during a training period.


Assuntos
Carotenoides/sangue , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Flavonoides/sangue , Imunidade Celular , Ipomoea batatas , Fenóis/sangue , Folhas de Planta/química , Adulto , Basquetebol/fisiologia , Análise Química do Sangue , Carotenoides/administração & dosagem , Estudos Cross-Over , Feminino , Flavonoides/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A Secretora/metabolismo , Interferon gama/metabolismo , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Interleucina-4/metabolismo , Ipomoea batatas/química , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Masculino , Fenóis/administração & dosagem , Polifenóis
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...