Clinical efficacy of low-dose aspirin combined with calcium in preventing preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of low-dose aspirin combined with calcium supplements for the prevention of preeclampsia. METHODS: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception until December 2022. Randomized controlled trials investigating the preventive use of aspirin in combination with calcium supplementation for preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women were included. The quality of the literature was evaluated, and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software to analyze the clinical efficacy of low-dose aspirin combined with calcium supplementation in preventing preeclampsia. RESULTS: Seven randomized controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis, and compared with the control group, the experimental group had lower incidence rates of preeclampsia with gestational hypertension (odds ratios [OR]: 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11-0.28), preeclampsia (OR: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.10-0.37), gestational hypertension (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.07-0.31), preterm birth (OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.16-0.44), postpartum hemorrhage (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08-0.27), and fetal growth restriction (OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.08-0.33). CONCLUSION: Compared with aspirin alone, low-dose aspirin combined with calcium supplementation was more effective in preventing preeclampsia, reduced the risk of preterm birth and postpartum hemorrhage, and promoted fetal growth. This intervention has clinical value and should be considered for high-risk pregnant women.

[The glymphatic system: concept, function and research progresses].

The glymphatic system is a cerebrospinal fluid-interstitial fluid exchange system dependent on the water channel aquaporin-4 polarized on astrocyte endfeet, which is proposed to account for the clearance of abnormal proteins (e.g. ß-amyloid) and metabolites (e.g. lactate) from the brain. Accumulating studies have revealed that glymphatic activity during sleep and general anesthesia is dramatically enhanced, while its function is significantly damaged during aging, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and diabetes. The glymphatic hypothesis is a breakthrough in the field of neuroscience recently, which would considerably enhance our comprehension on the cerebrospinal fluid circulation and its role in the maintenance of brain homeostasis. In this review, we briefly introduced the conceptualization of glymphatic system, summarized the recent progresses, and prospected its future investigation and potential clinical application.

[Measurement difference in paddy field nitrogen leakage by using different type lysimeters].

Vertical and 'T' types of lysimeter were used to measure the concentrations of ammonia N, nitrate N, and total nitrogen (TN) in the leakage of paddy field in rice growth season under different N application levels. For ammonia N, its concentration measured with these two types of lysimeter all ranged in 0-8 mg x L(-1) in 2007 and 0-4 mg x L(-1) in 2006; for nitrate N, its concentration measured with vertical lysimeter was 0-4 mg x L(-1) in 2007 and basically the same in 2006, while that measured with 'T' type lysimeter was 0-20 mg x L(-1) in 2007 but lower in 2006. The TN concentration in the leakage was 0-60 mg x L(-1) in 2007, much higher than that (0-16 mg x L(-1)) in 2006. In the leakage, nitrate N was the dominant N form. The total leakage loss of N in whole rice growth season in 2007 was 15.81 kg x hm(-2) of TN and 9.33 kg x hm(-2) of nitrate N when measured with vertical lysimeter, and 7.21 kg x hm(-2) of TN and 4.25 kg x hm(-2) of nitrate N when measured with 'T' type lysimeter. Due to the difference in the pathways of ammonia-N and nitrate-N leakage, different methods for calculating N leakage should be employed when using the two types of lysimeter in measurement. The N leakage measured by vertical lysimeter was more close to that estimated by paddy plot-leaching measurement method.

[Studies on tea plants (Camellia sinensis) germplasms using EST-SSR marker].

Forty two tea varieties were analyzed by using 16 SSR primer sets derived from tea ESTs in this study, and 13 of the primer sets produced clear bands and 10 of them showed polymorphism, accounting for 76.9%. The PIC (polymorphism information content) for each polymorphic primer set varied from 0.522 to 0.866, with a average about 0.73. Totally 84 Genotypes and 74 alleles were detected in all materials by 10 polymorphic markers, with the range from 4 to 12 and from 3 to 10 for each polymorphic primer set, respectively. The genetic distance among 42 tea varieties varied from 0.074 to 0.667, averagely 0.363, suggesting that the materials used in the experiment possess a broad genetic variation. Based on the similarity coefficient about 0.55, all the tea varieties tested could be classified into 3 groups and most of them were in first group. The results of this study proved that the EST-SSR marker is very effective in evaluation of tea germplasms.