Resveratrol suppresses the invasion and migration of human gastric cancer cells via inhibition of MALAT1-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin, was reported to exert multiple anticancer effects as a traditional Chinese medicine. However, research regarding the anticancer mechanism of resveratrol for the treatment and prevention of gastric cancer has reported conflicting results. In the present study, it was determined that resveratrol inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner in the human gastric cancer cell line BGC823. Cell migration and invasion were suppressed significantly following treatment with 200 µM resveratrol. Additionally, resveratrol inhibited metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) expression, which was overexpressed in gastric cancer cells. Further experiments revealed that MALAT1 knockdown suppressed cell viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in BGC823 cells. The present study indicated that resveratrol inhibited migration and invasion in human gastric cancer cells via suppressing MALAT1-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, providing novel evidence for understanding the anticancer mechanism of resveratrol.

LncRNA-MM2P Identified as a Modulator of Macrophage M2 Polarization.

M2 polarization of macrophages is essential for their function in immunologic tolerance, which might promote tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanism behind the polarization process is not fully understood. Given that several lines of evidence have suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) could be involved in regulating immune cell differentiation and function, the current study aimed to identify the lncRNAs that specifically modulate M2 macrophage polarization. By utilizing a series of cell-based M2 macrophage polarization models, a total of 25 lncRNAs with altered expression were documented based on lncRNA microarray-based profiling assays. Among them, lncRNA-MM2P was the only lncRNA upregulated during M2 polarization but downregulated in M1 macrophages. Knockdown of lncRNA-MM2P blocked cytokine-driven M2 polarization of macrophages and weakened the angiogenesis-promoting feature of M2 macrophages by reducing phosphorylation on STAT6. Moreover, manipulating lncRNA-MM2P in macrophages impaired macrophage-mediated promotion of tumorigenesis, tumor growth in vivo, and tumor angiogenesis. Collectively, our study identifies lncRNA-MM2P as a modulator required for macrophage M2 polarization and uncovers its role in macrophage-promoted tumorigenesis.

Correlations of PD-L1 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese Han population.

AIMS: This study was performed to investigate the effect of PD-L1 polymorphisms on the susceptibility and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a Chinese Han population. METHODS: Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PD-L1 gene, including rs2297136 (C > T), rs4143815 (C > G), rs2890658 (A > C) and rs17718883 (C > G) were examined in 225 HCC patients and 200 healthy controls using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. RESULTS: Data revealed that the rs2297136 (C > T) SNP TT (p = 0.03) and rs4143815 (C > G) SNP GG genotypes (p < 0.001) were associated with significantly increased risks of HCC. No association was found between rs2890658 (A > C) SNP and HCC risk and this risk was significantly decreased in individuals with the rs17718883 SNP CG + GG genotype (p < 0.001). The rs2297136 (C > T) SNP CC + CT genotypes, the rs4143815 (C > G) CC genotype and the rs2890658 (A > C) AA genotype were associated with increased overall survival compared to their counterpart allelic genotypes (p < 0.001). The rs2890658 (A > C) SNP had no impact on the risk and prognosis of HCC (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that three functional polymorphisms (rs2297136, rs4143815 and rs17718883) of the PD-L1 gene were associated with HCC risk and prognosis, suggesting that genetic variants of PD-L1 polymorphisms might be a possible prognostic marker for the prediction of HCC risk and development. Validation by a larger prospective study from a more diverse ethnic population is needed to confirm these findings.

[Identification of gastric cancer-related differentially expressed genes by combining PCA and ICA].

Screening potential differentially expressed genes can help us to understand the functions of the genes and their roles in disease development. Due to the different emphases of the principal component analysis and independent component analysis, a novel method that combines principal component analysis and independent component analysis is proposed to identify differentially expressed genes associated with gastric cancer for the improvement of accuracy and credibility of results. This method screens out 16 differentially expressed genes which is significantly related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer from gastric cancer gene expression data with 7129 genes and 29 samples. These genes are worthy to be studied experimentally. The results of this paper are helpful for revealing the occurrence and development mechanism of gastric cancer.