The effect of 2D tungsten disulfide nanoparticles on Lewis lung carcinoma cells in vitro.

The unique physicochemical properties of modern two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with graphene-like structures make them promising candidates for biology and medicine purposes. In this article, we investigate the influence of the two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (2D WS2) water suspension nanoparticles obtained by an improved mechanochemical method from powdered WS2 on morphological and structural characteristics of Lewis lung carcinoma cells using FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, and confocal microscopy. The characterization of the 2D WS2 nanoparticles by different physical methods is given also. We have highlighted that 2D WS2 does not exert cytotoxic activity in the case of 1 day incubation with tumor cells. Prolongation of the incubation period up to 2 days has caused a statistically significant (p < 0.05) concentration-dependent decrease of the number of viable cells by more than 30% with the maximum cytotoxic effect at concentrations of 2D WS2 close to 2 µg ml-1. In the Raman spectra of 2D WS2 treated cells the bands centered at 354 cm-1 and 419 cm-1, which are assigned to characteristics and modes of WS2 nanoparticles were observed. The obtained data indicate, that the cytotoxic effect of 2D WS2 on tumor cells in the case of long-term incubation is realized particularly through the ability of 2D WS2 to enter tumor cells and/or accumulate on their surface, which gives a rationale to conduct further studies of their antitumor efficacy in vitro and in vivo when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs.

Structural self-organization of C60 and cisplatin in physiological solution.

The specific features of structural self-organization of C60 fullerene and antitumor drug cisplatin (Cis) in physiological solution (0.9% NaCl) have been investigated by means of small-angle neutron scattering, scanning electron and atomic force microscopies, as well as isothermal titration calorimetry, dynamic light scattering and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The formation of C60 + Cis complexes, has been reported, unveiling the mechanism of medico-biological synergy observed during administration of the mixture of these drugs.

Characterization of C60 fullerene complexation with antibiotic doxorubicin.

The aim of this paper was to provide the physico-chemical characterization of a key process leading to amplification of the antitumor effect of antibiotic Doxorubicin (Dox) in vivo and in vitro and occurring at the molecular level through complexation with C60 fullerene. A wide range of physico-chemical tools was used such as UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopies, atomic force microscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry and zeta-potential methods. The unusual thermodynamic behavior of the complexation process was reported, featuring unexpected and, to a certain extent, contradictory experimental observations. The explanation of the obtained results was proposed resulting in creation of a general view on aromatic drug binding with C60 fullerene. Based on these results some important practical outcomes for anticancer therapy were formulated.

[Effect of C60 fullerene on metabolic and proliferative activity of PKE cell line].

The effect of C60 fullerene aqueous colloid solution (C60 FAS) on activity of redox and proliferative processes in PKE (transplantable cell line of pig kidney embryo) cells has been studied. In particular, it was established that the presence of C60 fullerene (127 microM) in culturing medium of PKE cells during 48 h did not change their ability to reduce non-toxic AlamarBlue redox indicator and proliferative activity.

On the origin of C60 fullerene solubility in aqueous solution.

In this work, we report that the surface hydroxylation of C60 molecules is the most likely mechanism for pristine C60 fullerenes/C60 fullerene aggregate stabilization in water, being independent of the method of C60 fullerene aqueous solution preparation.

[Effect of C60 fullerene on viscoelastic properties of human erythrocytes membrane].

The effect of C60 fullerene aqueous colloid solution (C60FAS) on viscoelastic properties of human erythrocytes membrane has been studied. It was established that the effect of C60FAS on erythrocytes depends on the medium osmolality and concentration of C60 fullerene in it. In particular, in isotonic solution (0,15 mol/l NaCl) adding C60 fullerene in concentrations from 0,7 to 28 µmol/l did not cause the hemolytic damage of cells. In hypotonic medium when introducing C60 fullerene (7 µmol/l concentration) at the beginning of erythrocyte hemolysis its stimulating effect was maximal and when adding C60FAS in 20 s after hemolysis start no this process stimulation is observed. This points to the changes in viscoelastic properties of erythrocyte membranes even during the first seconds of its interaction with C60 fullerene.