Burden of depression and its associated factors among older people living in Gondar town, Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: Depression is one of the main causes of disability worldwide and makes a major contribution to the global disease burden, especially in developing countries. It is also one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the older people and a significant risk factor for both disability and death. Despite the fact that little research has been done on it among those who live in sub-Saharan Africa, especially Ethiopia, the aim of this study was to fill the above-mentioned gap among older people. METHOD: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2023. A total of 607 older people were included using the multistage sampling technique. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to assess depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale item 15 with a cut-off ≥5. For statistical analysis, the binary logistic regression model was employed. RESULTS: The mean age of the study participants was 72.45 (SD ±9.08) years. The prevalence of depression was found to be 45%. Age 80 years and above, 70-79 years, widowed, retired, known chronic disease, and poor social support were associated factors with depression. CONCLUSION: Compared to other studies conducted in different regions of Ethiopia, the prevalence of depression in this study was found to be high, at 45%. The results of this study may be taken as providing health professionals, health policymakers, and other pertinent stakeholders' early warning signs and guidance on how to take efficient control measures and conduct periodic monitoring among older people.

Physical Activity and Its Associated Factors among Patients with Hypertension at Amhara Region Comprehensive Specialised Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia: An Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Accurate evaluation of physical activity for patients with hypertension is important to determine patients' health outcomes and intervention measures. Information about physical activity among patients with hypertension in Ethiopia is not well known. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to assess the physical activity and associated factors among patients with hypertension. STUDY DESIGN: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. STUDY SETTING: The study was conducted at the Tertiary Hospital Northwest, Ethiopia. OUTCOME MEASURES: Physical activity was assessed by Global Physical Activity Questionnaire as the primary outcome and factors significantly associated with physical activity were secondary outcomes. PARTICIPANTS: Four hundred and twenty patients with hypertension took part in the study; among those 233 were men and 187 were women. The study participants were chosen using a systematic random sampling method. SPSS V.20 statistical software was used to analyse the data. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis model, adjusted OR (AOR) with a 95% CI and p value<0.05 were used to identify the associated factors with physical activities. RESULTS: Our study showed that 19.1% of study participants had inadequate physical activity, being old age with AOR: 10.27 (3.21 to 33.01), low or poor self-efficacy with AOR: 10.34 (4.89 to 21.84), poor self-rated health with AOR: 5.91 (1.73 to 20.13) and lack of adequate facilities with AOR: 4.07 (1.72 to 9.66) were significantly associated with inadequate physical activity. CONCLUSION: Inadequate physical activity was detected in one-fifth of the study participants, according to our research. Being elderly, having low self-efficacy, having inadequate facilities and having poor self-rated health were all linked to inadequate physical activity.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Cognitive Impairment Among Stroke Survivors at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia: Multi-Centered Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Deficit in cognitive impairment is the most serious of the stroke sequelae. Post-stroke cognitive impairment is associated with impaired daily living activities and decreased capacity for independent living and functional performance. As a result, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive impairment among stroke survivors at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Ethiopia's Amhara region by 2022. Methods: A multi-centered cross-sectional study was designed at an institution. During the study period. Data was gathered by conducting structured questionnaire interviews with participants and reviewing medical charts with trained data collectors. The participants were chosen using a systematic random sampling technique. The Montreal cognitive assessment basic was used to assess cognitive impairment. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to analyze the data. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used to assess the fitness of the model. The AOR with a P value of 0.05 at 95% CI was reported, and variables were considered statistically significant. Results: This study enrolled 422 stroke survivors. Overall, 58.3% of stroke survivors had cognitive impairment (95% CI 53.4-63.0%). The study participants' age with AOR; 7.12 (4.40-11.45), being hypertensive with AOR; 7.52 (3.46-16.35), arriving at the hospital after 24 hours with AOR; 4.33 (1.49-12.05), less than three months after stroke with AOR; 4.83 (3.95-12.19), dominant hemisphere lesion with AOR; 4.83 (3.95-12.19) and being illiterate with AOR; 5.26 (4.43-18.64) were found significant factors. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment was discovered to be relatively common among stroke survivors in this study. More than half of stroke survivors who attended comprehensive specialized hospitals during the study period were found to have cognitive impairment. Age, hypertension, arriving at the hospital after 24 hours, less than three months after stroke, dominant hemisphere lesion, and illiterate educational status were all significant factors in cognitive impairment.