[Primary multiple malignant tumors of the stomach and colon]. / Pervichno-mnozhestvennye zlokachestvennye opukholi zheludka i tolstoi kishki.

Experience of diagnosis and treatment of primarily-multiple gastric cancer, combined with malignant colonic tumors in 27 patients was summarized. One-stage combined radical treatment of the patients is the most effective one.

[Preoperative selective intra-arterial chemotherapy in gastric cancer]. / Predoperatsionnaia izbiratel'naia vnutriarterial'naia khimioterapiia raka zheludka.

Preoperative intraarterial chemotherapy was administered to 69 patients with gastric cancer. In 34 patients the tumor was localized in the antral portion, in 27 in the body of the stomach involving the proximal portion, and in 8 total involvement of the stomach was revealed. Left gastric artery was catheterized in 42 patients, right gastric-omental artery in 27. An original method of "loop" catheterization of celiac artery branches was used permitting a selective probing of gastric arteries proper. For prolonged intraarterial chemotherapy of gastric cancer adriablastin or farmorubicin were used in single dose 30 mg/M2, 5-fluorouracil in dose 500 mg/M2; the cytostatics were infused in 2-3 sessions. Immediate results of intraarterial chemotherapy were assessed by angiography and other instrumental methods of investigation, as well as intraoperatively and by morphometric analysis. In 62.4% of patients significant or total destruction of the tumor was attained, the volumic share of a viable tumor component being 0 to 2.1%. Altogether 95% of patients survived the follow-up of 2 to 30 months.

[A preliminary assessment of the efficacy of anticancer measures in malignant stomach neoplasms]. / Predvaritel'naia otsenka éffektivnosti protivorakovykh meropriiatii pri zlokachestvennykh novoobrazovaniiakh zheludka.

Anticancer prophylactic and treatment measures are approved initially among small populations contingents and, hence, their results are not essentially effecting demographic values. Changes of the state of selected contingents are evaluated by means of lethality or survival values. On the example of gastric cancer patients survival, the authors determine the period of observation necessary for preliminary evaluation of the efficiency of anticancer measures. During 5 years there was no clear change of survival of patients with gastric cancer of stage I-II (P > 0.05). The duration of the period of statistically valid reduction (P < 0.001) of the survival of patients with gastric cancer (stage III-IV) was two years. Thus, changes of the level of two year survival in patients advanced gastric cancer under the effect of anticancer measures may be used for express-evaluation of these measures.

[Radioimmunologic analysis of trypsin and C-peptide tumor markers for evaluation of treatment efficiency in patients with pancreatic and Vater's ampulla cancer]. / Ispolzovanie radioimmunologicheskogo analiza opukholevykh markerov, tripsina i C-peptida dlia otsenki éffectivnosti lecheniia bolnykh rakom podzheludochnoi zhelezy i bolshogo sosochka dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

A radioimmunological analysis of the changes in concentration of tumour markers CA 19-9, REA, beta 2-microglobulin, trypsin and C-peptide was carried out in 53 patients with pancreatic cancer and in 14 patients with cancer of the major duodenal papilla before and 7-10 days after the treatment. A control group was comprised of 116 volunteers. The levels of the tumour markers decreased after the combined use of remote radiotherapy and pancreaticoduodenal resection (PDR). After creation of cholecysto-enteroanastomosis and performance of radiotherapy they remained without changes. Exocrine pancreatic function after remote radiotherapy, especially in combination with PDR, was sharply suppressed.

[Endolymphatic polychemotherapy with local UHF hyperthermia in the surgical treatment of rectal neoplasms]. / Endolimfaticheskaia polikhimioterapiia s lokal'noi SVCh-gipertermiei pri khirurgi-cheskom lechenii bol'nykh rakom priamoi kishki.

To reduce the risk of intraoperative metastases and increasing ablastic principles in radical surgical treatment of patients with cancer of the rectum the authors developed a scheme of preoperative treatment including endolymphatic polychemotherapy and UHF-hyperthermia. 5-fluorouracil and platidiam were used in the treatment of 30 patients with different histological types of adenocarcinomas of the rectum (grade III-IV). After treatment the viable epithelial component in the tumour was 26.5% as compared with 44.8% in the control. The effect of treatment was favourable both objectively and subjectively. The treatment was well tolerated.

[The use of ceruloplasmin in combination with adjuvant polychemotherapy in stomach cancer]. / Primenenie tseruloplazmina v sochetanii s ad''iuvantnoi polikhimioterapiei pri rake zheludke.

Ceruloplasmin as a modulator was used for the first time in the clinical practice in 30 patients with gastric cancer in the course of postoperative intraabdominal adjuvant chemotherapy. It was established that ceruloplasmin was well tolerated by the patients and its use during polychemotherapy is accompanied by normalization of the levels of natural ceruloplasmin and iron in the blood serum that are usually reduced in patients with gastric cancer, reduces activation of lipid peroxidation and improves the course of postoperative period. Ceruloplasmin possesses a week immunomodulating action in polychemotherapy which is expressed in the increase of the percentage content of T-lymphocytes. Use of ceruloplasmin tended to improve the functional state of the cardiovascular system.

[Prevention of postoperative complications in the surgical treatment of cancer of the lung, esophagus, stomach, large intestine and the rectum in patients over 60 years old]. / Profilaktika posleoperatsionnykh oslozhnenii pri khirurgicheskom lechenii raka legkogo, pishchevoda, zheludka, tolstoi i priamoi kishki u bol'nykh starshe 60 let.

The study including 414 patients aged over 60 years suffering lung esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer was carried out to assess the possibility of preventing postoperative complications. Preoperative preparation, anesthesiologic medication and drug treatment in the early postoperative period included vitamins, eleutherococcus, sodium oxybutyrate, retabolil, splenin, curantyl, heparin, panangin, sulfalen and trichopol. In that group, the overall postoperative complication rate was 1.5 times lower and that of purulent complications, cardiovascular disorders, pneumonia and pancreatitis--2 times lower than those in 642 controls. The duration of postoperative stay in the hospital was shorter and the postoperative lethality tended to decrease. Topical treatment with methylsiloxane-immobilized gentamycin and 5-fluorouracil was shown to prevent development of purulent complications and pancreatitis.

[Intensive preoperative gamma teletherapy combined with endogenous interferon induction in the treatment of stomach cancer]. / Intensivnaia predoperatsionnaia telegammaterapiia v sochetanii s induktsiei éndogennogo interferona pri lechenii raka zheludka.

The authors analyze results of combined treatment of 72 patients using preoperative intensive gamma teletherapy. Increase of 4-year survival was observed only in patients showing no regional metastases and equalled 18.7%. The authors worked out a method of preoperative radiation treatment against the background of induction of endogenous interferon by curantyl. The course of radiation therapy was carried out in association with a 2-3 times increase of the interferon levels in the blood and was accompanied by a reduction of the immunodepressive effect of gamma teletherapy on the body.

[Combined interventions in non-organic neoplasms of the small pelvis]. / Kombinirovannye vmeshatel'stva pri neorgannykh novoobrazovaniiakh malogo taza.

Experience with 62 combined operations on patients with nonorganic new growths of the true pelvis is discussed. They accounted for 33.3% of 227 radical interventions undertaken for this disease. The ages of the patients ranged from 4 months to 64 years. Ten patients were admitted after exploratory laparotomies. Benign new growths were diagnosed in 14 and malignant new growths in 48 patients. Different variants of operative approaches were used. Most frequently the tumor was resected together with bones, iliac vessels, genitalia, and urinary bladder. Various complications were noted in 39 patients who were operated on. Hemorrhage was the most frequent and menacing complication--in 26 patients. Two patients died. Recurrences were found in 8 of a group of 60 patients discharge from the clinic. After combined operations for malignant nonorganic tumors of the true pelvis 3-year survival was 36.0%, 5-year survival was 29.4%.

[Preoperative superselective intra-arterial polychemotherapy in combined treatment of gastric stomach]. / Predoperatsionnaia superselektivnaia vnutriarterial'naia polikhimioterapiia v kombinirovannom lechenii raka zheludka.

In patients with gastric cancer, depending on location of a tumor, the left gastric or right gastroepiploic artery was catheterized via a puncture of the femoral artery, the course of polychemotherapy with fluorouracil and adriablastin was carried out, then the operative treatment was performed. In 62.4% of the patients, the complete, in 18.8%--the partial destruction of a tumor was achieved, in 18.8%, the effect was insignificant.

[Effectiveness of intraperitoneal chemotherapy in combined treatment of gastric cancer]. / Effektivnost' vnutribriushinnoi khimioterapii v kombinirovannom lechenii raka zheludka.

The schemes of postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy and polychemotherapy of gastric cancer have been developed. In their use, the 2-year survival of the patients increased by 17.2%, in absence of regional metastases--by 40%, in their presence--by 16.1%, in endophytic growth of tumors--by 14.3%, in exophytic growth--by 11.8% when compared with the results of surgical treatment alone.

[Preoperative enterosorption as a method for preventing postoperative complications in mechanical jaundice in cancer patients]. / Predoperatsionnaia énterosorbtsiia kak metod profilaktiki posleoperatsionnykh oslozhnenii pri mekhanicheskoi zheltukhe u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Enterosorption as component of preoperative preparation of patients with cancer-induced mechanical jaundice assured subsidence of intoxication, improvement in hepatic and renal functions, better postoperative course, lower rates of purulent and other postoperative complications and lower postoperative lethality.

[Treatment of patients with retroperitoneal non-organ tumors]. / Lechenie bol'nykh s zabriushinnymi neorgannymi opukholiami.

The authors had 170 patients with retroperitoneal nonorganic tumors under observation. Operations were conducted on 143 patients. Patients with malignant tumors received intensive radiotherapy in a dose of 5Gr every other day to a total dose of 20-30 Gr. A course of telegammatherapy was applied in 17 patients in the preoperative period; in 22 patients the seat of the removed tumor was treated by telegammatherapy after radical operation. In 25 patients telegammatherapy was conducted as an independent method of treatment in inoperable cases and after exploratory laparotomy. Operative treatment of patients with benign tumors produced the best late-term results. Among patients treated for malignant new growths the late-term results were best when the seat of the removed tumor was exposed to intensive radiotherapy.

[Optimization of chemotherapy of stomach cancer]. / Ob optimizatsii khimioterapii raka zheludka.

Results are analyzed of the treatment of 520 patients with diffuse gastric cancer using different schemes that included chemotherapy with fluorouracil, intraabdominal polychemotherapy with fluorouracil and adriablastin, immunotherapy with yeast polysaccharides and thymus hormone--taktivin. Chemotherapy supplemented by immunotherapy essentially increases survival. Intraabdominal administration of antitumour drugs in gastric cancer is anatomically more adequate than the intravenous route.

[Diagnosis and treatment of recurrences of cancer of the stomach]. / Diagnostika i lechenie retsidivov raka zheludka.

Medical aid for patients with carcinoma of the stomach is rendered much more effectively in specialized oncological institutions than in general hospitals. Removal of the shortcomings of primary treatment may be an important measure in preventing a recurrence of the disease. Patients with carcinoma of the stomach of clinical group III must undergo complex dynamic examination and treatment according to indications. The choice of the method for treatment of recurrent gastric carcinoma must be strictly individualized, which makes it possible to achieve good immediate and late results in the management of this category of patients.