Ultrasonographic findings of multicentric malignant lymphoma involving the urinary bladder in a dog: Diagnosis and monitoring during chemotherapy.

A 5.5-year-old spayed female cane corso dog was presented for recurrent hematuria and dysuria. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrated severe hypoechoic urinary bladder wall thickening with irregular mucosal surface and polypoid-like lesions protruding into the lumen, abdominal polyadenomegaly, and splenic honeycombing. High-grade lymphoma was diagnosed on urinary bladder wall cytology. Clinical signs and ultrasonographic findings initially improved following a modified CHOP-based chemotherapy protocol, but the multicentric lymphoma then progressed with thoracic spread, leading to the dog's death at 9 wk post-diagnosis. Key clinical message: This case report describes the ultrasonographic features of malignant lymphomatous infiltration of the urinary bladder and emphasizes the importance of including lymphoma in the differential diagnosis for parietal urinary bladder lesions. It also describes the endoscopic findings of such an infiltration that have not yet, to the authors' knowledge, been described or illustrated in the veterinary literature. Finally, this case report underlines the poor prognosis of multicentric lymphoma involving the urinary bladder, with rapid progression of the disease and short survival time despite chemotherapy.

Résultats échographiques d'un lymphome malin multicentrique impliquant la vessie chez un chien: diagnostic et surveillance pendant la chimiothérapie. Une chienne cane corso stérilisée âgée de 5,5 ans a été présentée pour une hématurie et une dysurie récurrentes. L'échographie abdominale a démontré un épaississement hypoéchogène sévère de la paroi de la vessie avec une surface muqueuse irrégulière et des lésions de type polypoïde faisant saillie dans la lumière, une polyadénomégalie abdominale et une rate avec apparence en nid d'abeille. Un lymphome de grade élevé a été diagnostiqué sur la base de la cytologie de la paroi de la vessie. Les signes cliniques et les résultats échographiques se sont initialement améliorés après un protocole de chimiothérapie à base de CHOP modifié, mais le lymphome multicentrique a ensuite progressé avec une propagation thoracique, entraînant la mort du chien à 9 semaines après le diagnostic.Message clinique clé:Ce rapport de cas décrit les caractéristiques échographiques de l'infiltration lymphomateuse maligne de la vessie et souligne l'importance d'inclure le lymphome dans le diagnostic différentiel des lésions pariétales de la vessie. Il décrit également les résultats endoscopiques d'une telle infiltration qui n'ont pas encore, à la connaissance des auteurs, été décrits ou illustrés dans la littérature vétérinaire. Enfin, ce rapport de cas souligne le mauvais pronostic du lymphome multicentrique impliquant la vessie, avec une progression rapide de la maladie et une courte durée de survie malgré la chimiothérapie.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).

Computed tomography or rhinoscopy as the first-line procedure for suspected nasal tumor: a pilot study.

There are no evidence-based guidelines as to whether computed tomography (CT) or endoscopy should be selected as the first-line procedure when a nasal tumor is suspected in a dog or a cat and only one examination can be performed. Computed tomography and rhinoscopic features of 17 dogs and 5 cats with a histopathologically or cytologically confirmed nasal tumor were retrospectively reviewed. The level of suspicion for nasal neoplasia after CT and/or rhinoscopy was compared to the definitive diagnosis. Twelve animals underwent CT, 14 underwent rhinoscopy, and 4 both examinations. Of the 12 CT examinations performed, 11 (92%) resulted in the conclusion that a nasal tumor was the most likely diagnosis compared with 9/14 (64%) for rhinoscopies. Computed tomography appeared to be more reliable than rhinoscopy for detecting nasal tumors and should therefore be considered as the first-line procedure.

Examen de première intention lors de suspicion de tumeur nasale: scanner où rhinoscopie? Une étude pilote. Lors de suspicion de tumeur nasale chez le chien et le chat, il n'existe à ce jour aucun consensus quant à l'examen de première intention à privilégier entre la tomodensitométrie et l'endoscopie lorsqu'un seul examen peut être réalisé. Les caractéristiques tomodensitométriques et endoscopiques de 17 chiens et 5 chats avec un diagnostic de tumeur nasale confirmé histologiquement ou cytologiquement ont été analysées rétrospectivement. Le degré de suspicion de tumeur nasale permis par l'endoscopie et/ou le scanner a été comparé au diagnostic final. Un examen tomodensitométrique a été réalisé chez 12 animaux, une rhinoscopie chez 14 et les deux examens ont été couplés dans quatre cas. L'examen scanner a conclu qu'une tumeur nasale était le diagnostic le plus probable dans 11 cas sur 12 (92 %), et la rhinoscopie dans 9 cas sur 14 (64 %). L'examen scanner apparait plus fiable que la rhinoscopie pour détecter les tumeurs nasales, et de ce fait devrait être considéré comme le meilleur examen de première intention.(Traduit par les auteurs).

Shunting between the CVC and both the azygos vein and thoracic duct in a dog with CTD.

A 5 mo old female rottweiler was referred for evaluation of a suspected congenital heart disease. Clinical signs included anorexia, exercise intolerance, and severe loss of body condition. Clinical examination revealed dyspnea, pale mucous membranes, and weak femoral pulses. Pleural and abdominal effusions and iron deficiency anemia were identified. A distended intrathoracic caudal vena cava (CVC) visible on thoracic radiographs suggested that the modified transudate abdominal effusion was the result of improper venous return to the right side of the heart. Cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) was diagnosed via echocardiography but did not explain all the anomalies detected during a contrast echocardiography. Abnormal communications between the CVC and azygos vein and the CVC and thoracic duct were subsequently identified by abdominal ultrasonography and angiography. Medical management with diuretics, iron supplements, and surgical treatment of CTD resulted in normalization of the respiratory rate, the exercise intolerance, and the anemia. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of CTD associated with shunts between the CTV and both the azygos vein and thoracic duct in dogs. This report emphasizes the importance of presurgical assessment of concurrent thoracic and abdominal congenital vascular abnormalities.

Causes, diagnostic signs, and the utility of investigations of fever in dogs: 50 cases.

This study aimed to determine the distribution of diseases causing fever in dogs in France. Dogs with fever were reviewed and 50 dogs were retrospectively assigned to disease groups. Fever profile and intensity, the time taken to reach a diagnosis, and inflammatory status were compared among groups. Almost half the dogs (48%) were diagnosed with non-infectious inflammatory diseases. No final diagnosis was reached in 14 dogs, 13 of which belonged to owners who did not wish to pursue the investigations. No association was found between disease group and the intensity of fever, fever profile, or serum C-reactive protein concentration. Cytological examinations were most frequently found to be the most important determinant for diagnosis (55.7%). This study confirms the predominance of non-infectious inflammatory diseases as causes of fever. Neither clinical nor biological factors were found to be predictive of disease group.