Human action recognition based on HOIRM feature fusion and AP clustering BOW.

In this paper, we propose a human action recognition method using HOIRM (histogram of oriented interest region motion) feature fusion and a BOW (bag of words) model based on AP (affinity propagation) clustering. First, a HOIRM feature extraction method based on spatiotemporal interest points ROI is proposed. HOIRM can be regarded as a middle-level feature between local and global features. Then, HOIRM is fused with 3D HOG and 3D HOF local features using a cumulative histogram. The method further improves the robustness of local features to camera view angle and distance variations in complex scenes, which in turn improves the correct rate of action recognition. Finally, a BOW model based on AP clustering is proposed and applied to action classification. It obtains the appropriate visual dictionary capacity and achieves better clustering effect for the joint description of a variety of features. The experimental results demonstrate that by using the fused features with the proposed BOW model, the average recognition rate is 95.75% in the KTH database, and 88.25% in the UCF database, which are both higher than those by using only 3D HOG+3D HOF or HOIRM features. Moreover, the average recognition rate achieved by the proposed method in the two databases is higher than that obtained by other methods.

Comparison of Intraperitoneal and Intraepididymal Quercetin for the Prevention of Testicular Torsion/Detorsion-induced Injury.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of intraepididymal quercetin (IE-QE) with those of intraperitoneal quercetin (IP-QE) on testicular torsion/detorsion (TD)-induced ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury of the testes in an experimental rat model. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into 4 groups: sham (S), TD, TD treated with IP-QE, and TD treated with IE-QE. The IP-QE group received 20 mg/kg QE intraperitoneally, whereas the IE-QE group received quercetin (QE) epididymally. After surgically induced TD, sera and testicular tissues were obtained for the analysis of biochemical parameters including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, histologic changes, and evaluation of germ cell apoptosis. RESULTS: The oxidative stress index and oxidants (malondialdehyde and total oxidant status) were increased with a concomitant decrease in the antioxidants (GPx and total antioxidant status) in the TD group. Severe histopathological damage, indicated by low Johnsen scores and high testicular injury grades, and germ cell apoptosis were found in the TD group compared with the other groups. Rats treated with QE showed significantly less IR injury, with moderately altered biochemical parameters, histopathological damage, and germinal cell apoptosis compared with the TD group. Most importantly, we found no significant differences in the biochemical parameters, histopathological changes, and germinal cell apoptosis between the IP-QE and IE-QE groups. CONCLUSION: IE-QE was comparable to IP-QE in the treatment of testicular TD. Local QE therapy should be considered as a new approach to treating testicular IR injury due to TD.

Comparison of quercetin and resveratrol in the prevention of injury due to testicular torsion/detorsion in rats.

Quercetin (QE) and resveratrol (RSV) are powerful antioxidants with the potential to protect the testes against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We compared their effects in testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) in adult rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham (group A), T/D (group B), T/D treated with QE (group C), and T/D treated with RSV (group D). QE (20 mg kg-1 ) and RSV (20 mg kg-1 ) were injected intra-peritoneally at 60 min of torsion. After 90 min of surgically induced torsion, the testicular cord was restored to its anatomical position. Twenty-four hour after torsion, blood and tissue samples were obtained for further examination. Testicular tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and serum total oxidant status (TOS) were higher in group B than in group A (P < 0.05). Group A had higher serum total antioxidant status (TAS) than group B. (P < 0.05) QE and RSV significantly lowered MDA, NO, and TOS levels and TAS consumption (P < 0.05). QE reduced the MDA and TOS levels more than RSV (P < 0.05), but their effects on NO reduction and TAS consumption were similar (P > 0.05). Group A had normal testicular architecture (grade 1). Groups C (mean grade 2.60) and D (mean grade 3.00) had lower testicular injury grades than group B (mean grade 3.45) (P < 0.05). Group C had lower testicular injury grade than group D (P < 0.05). Treatment with QE and RSV protects against I/R injury after testicular T/D. QE may exhibit better function than RSV at the doses tested in this study.