[Standardization of pathoanatomic activities in performing specialized and high-tech morphological studies].

The study reports the standard for the activity of an immunohistochemical laboratory. The standard includes a staff list, objective calculation, and planning the salary in accordance with a real amount of work. On performing the high-tech and labor-intensive morphological studies, the actual spent time essentially differs from the current standards, which requires implementation of organizational, financial, economic, and methodological measures at the federal level.

[New approaches to organization of clinicoanatomic analysis in prophylactic and therapeutic institutions].

The experience of Leningrad regional department of pathology in dealing with clinical-pathological analysis is shown. The definition of the medical care defect has been formulated. The classification of defects (mistakes) in medical care and their causes are presented. All the medical mistakes are divided into 2 groups: hospital and pre-hospital. They are classified according to the type of medical care, reflect mistakes in a diagnostic process and a treatment. It is suggested that improvement of the postgraduate medical education and certification system in pathology must be updated. Positive experience in clinical-pathological analysis in regional clinical hospitals is presented.

[Quality control in the treatment and diagnosis in clinics of the Leningrad region].

A systemic review of disease histories delivered from hospitals and outpatient clinics of the Leningrad region in Leningrad region pathoanatomical bureau to examine quality of diagnosis and treatment led to organization of the Expertise Centre of Medical Service Quality at the bureau. The Centre participates in licensing and accreditation of medical activity in the Leningrad region. For the patients this Centre is an instrument of legal control providing help in defencing their rights.

[Comparison of the indices of occurrence of the diagnoses as a method of assessing the quality of histological diagnostics (using intraepithelial and invasive uterine tumors as an example)]. / Sopostavlenie pokazatelei vstrechaemosti diagnozov kak metod otsenki kachestva gistologicheskoi diagnostiki (na primere vnutriépitelial'nykh i invazivnykh novoobrazovanii matki).

The method of comparison of frequency of intraepithelial and invasive tumours established on biopsy and surgical material of uterine cervix and body is proposed. The frequency of invasive and intraepithelial tumours of uterine cervix in different anatomo-pathological cervices of general profile was 0.8-5.3% and 1.5-42.7% respectively, those of uterine body 0.2-2.2% and 0-2.3%. Frequency of uterine body tumour diagnoses was significantly higher at the age over 40 years. As a control of frequency it is suggested to consider maximum diagnoses at minimum level of errors: 8.4 +/- 2.2% diagnoses of intraepithelial and invasive tumours of the uterine cervix and 1.5 +/- 0.7% (2.1 +/- 1.1% in patients over 40 years)--of uterine body.

[Multiple mixed adenoma of the liver associated with small-cell carcinoma and pulmonary tuberculosis with cystadenopapilloma of the kidneys]. / Mnozhestvennye smeshannye adenomy pecheni v sochetanii s melkokletochnym rakom i tuberkulezom legkikh i tsistadenopapillomami pochek.

Cholangio- and hepatocellular adenomas of the liver occur very rarely. An observation of a man of 55 is presented who, along with the above pathology, had in the liver areas of a cartilagelike tissue with cavities filled with erythrocytes and resembling bone marrow canals which emphasized the dysembryogenetic origin of the tumor. No description of such combined pathology could be found in the available literature.