Effects of Motivational Climate on Fear of Failure and Anxiety in Teen Handball Players.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the motivational climate created by the coach and perceived by a group of young, high-performance handball players on their fear of failure and precompetitive anxiety. The study participants were 479 young handball players. The age range was 16-17 years old. Players were administered a battery composed of a Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire, a Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory, and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R, to measure the aforementioned theoretical constructs. Using structural equation modelling (SEM), the results showed that the handball players experienced high levels task-involving climate and moderate values of self-confidence. In contrast, players experienced lower levels of ego-involving climate, fear of failure, and cognitive and somatic anxiety. The obtained model shows that fear of failure positively mediates the association between an ego-involving climate with both cognitive and somatic anxiety, and negatively in terms of self-confidence. In contrast, fear of failure does not mediate the associations between a task-involving climate and both somatic and cognitive anxiety and self-confidence.

Effects of a Motivational Climate on Psychological Needs Satisfaction, Motivation and Commitment in Teen Handball Players.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the motivational climate created by the coach and perceived by a group of young high-performance handball players on their sport motivation, self-determination, sport psychological needs and sport commitment. The study participants were 479 young handball players. The age range was 16-17 years old. Players were administered a battery composed of a Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire, Sport Motivation Scale, the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale and Sport Commitment Questionnaire to measure the above-mentioned theoretical constructs. Results showed that the handball players showed high levels of a task-involving climate, of basic psychological needs satisfaction and of self-determined motivation and commitment. Higher levels of basic psychological needs such as autonomy and competence were associated with a higher task-involving climate, self-determined index and sport commitment (task-involving climate-basic psychological needs (ß = 0.55; 95% IC 0.387/0.682; p = 0.001); Ego-involving climate-basic psychological needs (ß = 0.06; 95% IC -0.069/0.181; p = 0.387); Basic psychological needs-self-determined index (ß = 0.48; 95% IC 0.376/0.571; p = 0.001); Self-determined index-commitment (ß = 0.58; 95% IC 0.488/0.663; p = 0.001). The obtained model showed that basic psychological needs mediated the association between a task-involving climate and self-determination, and self-determination mediated the association between basic psychological needs satisfaction and commitment.

Sport Intervention Programs (SIPs) to Improve Health and Social Inclusion in People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review.

Inactivity is a major issue that causes physical and psychological health problems, especially in people with intellectual disability (ID). This review discusses the beneficial effects of sport intervention programs (SIPs) in people with ID, and aims to provide an overview of the scientific literature in order to identify the main factors influencing the participation of people with ID in SIPs. Twelve papers were analyzed and compared. The results show a large variety in examined SIPs, concerning participants' age and disability, intervention characteristics and context, as well as measures and findings. The main factors essential for people with ID partaking in SIPs appeared to be suitable places for the SIP development, adequate implementation of physical activity (PA) programs in school and extra-school contexts, education, and the training of teachers and instructors. The literature review highlights the relevance of using SIPs in order to improve physical and psychological health, as well as increase social inclusion in populations with ID. SIPs should be included in multifactor intervention programs. Nevertheless, the need is recognized for stakeholders to adopt specific practice and policy in promoting social inclusion in order to organize intervention strategies which are able to provide quality experiences in sport and physical activity for people with ID.

Propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa para jovens atletas de basquetebol do motivational climate scale for youth sports / No disponible

O presente estudo analisa as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa para jovens atletas de basquetebol do Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports (MCSYS). No estudo participaram 441 jogadores de basquetebol (206 masculinos e 235 femininos) com idades compreendidas entre 11 e 16 anos (M=14.40; SD=1.27). Como processo de validação, utilizou-se o método designado de abordagem por comité (committee approach),análise da consistência interna através do coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach,análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC). A análise da confiabilidade do questionário foi considerada adequada, sendo os valores superiores a .70. Quanto aos indicadores de validade de constructo,obtidos por meio da AFC, apresentaram valores aceitáveis para todos os índices. Finalmente, encontrámos um apoio preliminar para a validade de constructo do MCSYS, evidência suficiente para avaliação do clima motivacional em jovens atletas de basquetebol (AU)

The present study analyses the psychometric properties of the Portuguese athletes of basketball version of the Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports (MCSYS).). The sample comprises 441baskeball athletes (206 males and 235 females), with a mean age of 14.40 (SD= 1.27). The methods used in the MCSYS, validation process were: committee approach, internal consistency reliability via the Cronbach alpha coefficients, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. According to literature, the analysis of the general reliability of the MCSYS and its dimensions generated adequate results, since all Cronbach alpha levels exceeded the value of0.70. The factor validity indicatives, obtained through confirmatory factorial analysis, were acceptable for all indices. Lastly, we found preliminary support for the validity of the construct of the MCSYS, which is sufficient evidence to justify its use to measure the motivational climate in young Portuguese basketball athletes (AU)

Programa de Intervención psicológica para la optimización del concepto de equipo (team building) en jóvenes futbolistas / Psychological intervention programme based on team-building principles in a youth footbal team

Con este estudio pretendemos desarrollar un programa de construcción de un equipo, una intervención psicológica multidimensional, basado en los principios de team building (Spink y Carron, 1993; Vicente, 1999) y evaluar si éste puede potenciar el desarrollo de la cohesión y de la satisfacción del equipo. En el estudio participaron 20 jugadores pertenecientes a un equipo de fútbol de la categoría Juvenil A. Para acceder a las variables de la Cohesión y para la Satisfacción, utilizamos la versión portuguesa GEQp y ASQp. Los resultados indican que tras la intervención existe un aumento de la cohesión en los aspectos sociales, el mantenimiento hacia la tarea y disminución de la satisfacción asociada a los aspectos que convergen hacia los objetivos. En la fase de seguimiento, la cohesión hacia la tarea se mantuvo y se registró una disminución en la cohesión social. Se llegó a la conclusión de que el programa de intervención psicológica puede ser un factor catalizador de la cohesión y de la satisfacción del equipo, así como del funcionamiento y del rendimiento en el contexto de este grupo (AU)

This study aims to develop a team-building program, a multidimensional psychological intervention based on the principles of team building (TB) (Spink and Carron, 1993, Vicente, 1999), and assess whether it can foster the development of team satisfaction and cohesion. The participants were 20 young footballers from one team. The Cohesion and Satisfaction perception variables were accessed with the Portuguese version of the ASQp and GEQp. The results showed that after the TB intervention, social cohesion increased, task cohesion held steady and satisfaction associated with aspects that converged towards the goals decreased. In the follow-up phase, task cohesion was steady and social cohesion declined. In conclusion, a psychological intervention programme may be a catalyst of cohesion, team satisfaction and performance within the context of this group (AU)