Influence of Different Orthodontic Brackets on Cytokine and Cortisol Profile.

Background and Objectives: Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) requires bone remodeling resulting from complex processes of aseptic inflammation. Recent studies have confirmed close interaction between the immune and skeletal systems. In addition, various orthodontic appliances including fixed systems affect the sublingual microbial composition, and the likelihood of developing inflammatory reactions of the gums is high, especially early in the treatment period. It is known that these systems have both positive and negative effects on the humoral and cellular immune responses. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of self-ligating and conventional brackets on the salivary concentrations of cytokines (IL-6, osteoprotegerin (OPG), TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma) and cortisol as a marker of stress. Materials and Methods: Forty patients were analyzed at baseline (T0) and 2 months (T2) after fixing self-ligating (Ormco Damond Q) and conventional brackets (Ormco Mini Diamond). Salivary cytokine and cortisol concentrations were evaluated by commercial ELISA kits. Results: Outcomes of our study showed that after two months of treatment with either of these brackets, IFN-gamma and IL-6 levels did not change. However, TNF-alpha decreased with self-ligating brackets (13.36 to 8.32, p = 0.002). The self-ligating bracket system also affects OPG concentration and cortisol levels 2 months after orthodontic activation. The level of OPG in the group of self-ligating brackets decreased significantly (8.55 to 2.72, p = 0.003). Cortisol concentration was significantly higher in the self-ligation group (25.72 to 48.45, p = 0.001) due to the effect of sustained strength movements. Conclusions: Thus, the use of self-ligating and conventional brackets has a different effect on the concentration of cortisol and cytokines (OPG and TNF-alpha) in saliva 2 months after their fixation. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to explore why OPG levels are decreased in case of self-ligating cases and how OPG levels are related to clinical improvement.

ASSOCIATION OF IL-10 AND RESISTIN IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY ELDERLY POPULATION.

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the elderly population is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation ("inflammaging"). Age associated inflammation can be caused by a decrease in the level of IL-10, one of the anti-inflammatory cytokines during aging. The binding of IL-10 to adipose tissue is very important. In rats, IL-10 has also been shown to effect on adipocytes and may be considered as a therapeutic agent for the prevention of age-related glucose metabolism. Adipocytes, which increase in overweight individuals, synthesize various adipokines that directly or indirectly affect the number and balance of cytokines, which in turn further aggravates the inflammatory status. The goal of our research was to study age-related changes of plasma levels of IL-10 and pleiotropic resistin and their potential association. The study was carried out on 150 apparently healthy volunteers (from 20 to 90 years old). Anthropometric data were collected for each individual using a special questionnaire. Individuals who had pathologies affecting the immune system were not included in the study. Plasma levels of IL-10 and resistin were measured using commercial ELISA set (Thermofisher scientific, USA) according to the protocol. The results revealed that there is a statistically significant difference in every parameter between female and male except of resistin. IL-10 levels are elevated in postmenopausal women (P< 0.05). While in men il-10 correlated reliably with height and diastolic blood pressure. The results indicate a direct statistically significant correlation between IL-10 and resistin only in postmenopausal women. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that the IL-10 is correlated with the resistin levels in postmenopausal women.

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT TREATMENT OPTIONS ON THE LEVEL OF SERUM CYTOKINES IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CANCER.

Liver cancer is a highly lethal cancer, in which local tumor microenvironment and systemic immune suppression allow tumor to escape immune surveillance. Intervening in tumor microenvironment by locoregional treatment options can be beneficial for patients. We aimed to study changes in serum cytokines levels due to local disturbance of tumor microenvironment after radiofrequency thermal ablation procedure compare to liver resection in patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer. A total of 17 patients with primary (HCC and Cholangiocarcinoma) and secondary (metastatic) liver cancer were enrolled in this prospective study. Out of 17 patients, 7 were referred to RFA procedure and another 10 underwent surgical liver resection using non-RF based devices. Blood samples were collected from each patient before and after 1 and 3 months of treatment. The following serum cytokines: IL-10, IL-17, INF-γ, TGF-ß were assayed by ELISA (ebiosciences, USA). RFA procedure unlike liver resection decreased serum level of IL-10 in patients with liver cancer. No significant changes in the level of the studied cytokines were revealed.

COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT DERIVED INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES.

Inflammation sometimes can be associated with the development of number of diseases, among them cancer. Few studies show prognostic value of different inflammatory markers, such as lymphocyte and monocyte count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and others in some types of blood cancers. There is further need to investigate easy measurable diagnostic and prognostic novel biomarkers in hematologic malignancies. Our aim was to investigate the role of inflammatory markers: NLR, PLR, platelet-monocyte ratio (PMR), hemoglobin-platelet ratio (HPR), hemoglobin-lymphocyte ratio (HLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), which were used alone or in combination, in early diagnoses of hematologic malignancies. The counts for total white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, monocyte and hemoglobin as well as systemic inflammatory factors, such as NLR, PLR, PMR, HPR, HLR, LMR, SII and dNLRwere analysed from patients with hematologic malignancies and their age-matched controls. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and cut-off values, as well as correlations between these inflammatory markers were analyzed. The patients with hematologic malignancies have significantly increased level of inflammatory markers: NLR, PLR, PMR, HLR, SII and dNLR in comparison with age-matched controls. NLR and PLR positively correlate with each other and SII and negatively correlate with HGB. Additionally, PLR has positive correlation with HLR. dNLR has the highest AUC score. For diagnosing hematologic malignancies the AUC of the ROC curve for dNLR was 0.810 with a 95% CI of 0.646-0.975. However, combining these six markers - NLR, PLR, PMR, HLR, SII and dNLR reached the best AUC score - 0.923 with a 95% of CI of 0.778-1.000. Results indicate that NLR, PLR, PMR, HLR, SII and dNLR, which are easily detectable laboratory parameters and reflect systemic inflammatory response can be predictive factors for hematologic malignancies.

PERIPHERIAL BLOOD BIOMARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA.

Immune thrombocytopenia is an acquired thrombocytopenia caused by autoantibodies against platelet antigens, the pathogenesis of ITP is incompletely understood. Evidence regarding association between inflammatory factors in patients with ITP who are refractory to first line treatment is limited.The purpose of our study was to investigate the diagnostic value of NLR, PLR, and PMR, dNLR, and SII in ITP patients who were refractory for the first line treatment and had splenectomy as a second-line therapy. Statistical analyses of inflammatory biomarkers were performed using SPSS v.26 and Graph Pad Prism. Correlations between the variables were determined by Spearman's correlation coefficient. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values were compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Our data revealed that NLR and dNLR were increased (p<0.0001), while SII level was decreased (p=0.0003), PMR and PLR were also significantly low (p<0.0001) in ITP patients compared with the age matched conrl group. In addition PLT level was negatively correlated with NLR and dNLR (r=-0.605, P<0.01), while there was positive correlation with SII, PLR, PMR (SII r=0.799; PLR r=0.863; PMR r=0.40, P<0.01). ROC curve analysis revealed ACU of PLR and PMR were 1.000 (P=0.05 and P<0.001), followed by SII 0.899 (P=0.002), NLR 0.875 (P=0.04) and dNLR 0.869 (P=0.05). We observed that inflammatory factors in ITP patients significantly differ from the age matched controls, however larger scale research is needed to confirm the validity of such biomarkers.

INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH UNRESECTABLE PANCREATIC CANCER: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Different types of cancers may arise from the inflamed regions of the body. It has been widely accepted that inflammation is a key mediator of pancreatic cancer development. Best indicators of systemic immunity include inflammation-associated cell enumeration easily accessible from a complete blood cell (CBC) count. In this study, we investigated changes in potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for cancer: neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-lymphocyte-ratio (MLR), derived neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio (dNLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in unresectable pancreatic cancer patients and their correlation with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ERS). Patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer were retrospectively enrolled in our study. NLR, PLR, MLR, dNLR, SII and ESR were conveyed and analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.26. Correlations between the variables were determined by Spearman's correlation coefficient. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values were compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. In patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer, the ESR, NLR, PLR, MLR, dNLR and SII were significantly higher compared with age-matched controls. Data showed no correlation between NLR, PLR, MLR, dNLR, SII and ESR levels. MLR and NLR had the highest AUC scores. For diagnosing unresectable pancreatic cancer the AUC of the ROC curve for NLR was 0.837 with a 95% CI of 0.728-0.946 and for MLR - 0.850 with a 95% CI of 0.746-0.953. However, combining these six markers reached the best specificity and sensitivity (AUC=0.955) in case of unresectable pancreatic cancer.

Interventional radiofrequency ablation: A promising therapeutic modality in the management of malignant biliary and pancreatic duct obstruction.

Background: Malignant biliary and/or pancreatic obstruction has often encountered in the advanced stages of periampullary and cholangicarcinomas. HabibTM Radiofrequency (RF) ablation has been successfully used in the management of various cancers of liver and pancreas. Percutaneous HPB probe (EMcision Ltd, London, UK) is a new addition to this class of tools. It is an endoluminal Radiofrequency (RF) catheter which works on the principle of ablation and induces coagulative necrosis to recanalize the obstructed duct. The aim of this study is to address the technical details of canalization, feasibilities and outcomes of percutaneous endo-luminal Radiofrequency (RF) catheter in patients with unresectable malignancy with obstructed bile and pancreatic duct (PD). Material and Method: A total of 134 patients with inoperable malignant obstruction of biliary and PD underwent RF based percutaneous endoluminal RF ablation in a tertiary referral centre between December 15th, 2010 to August 7th, 2015. This device was used in a sequential manner with an intent to recanalize the obstructed. Following the initial catheter drainage of the duct, subsequent percutaneous endobiliary RF ablation, the metallic stent was placed to recanalize the obstructed bile and PD secondary to unresectable malignancy under real-time fluoroscopic guidance. Results: The percutaneous RF based ablation of obstructed bile duct and PD with metallic stent placement was successfully achieved in 130 (97.01%) cases. The three failures were noted in cases of biliary obstruction whilst, one with PD obstruction. The patency restored in 124 and patients, where the procedure was successfully completed and revealed clinical improvement reported. Conclusion: The percutaneous endoluminal RF based ablation of obstructed duct with metallic stent placement appeared to be a safe, effective procedure and may improve survival in patients with advanced stage cancer presenting with biliary and PD obstruction. Considering the above mentioned evidence, this modality may stand ahead of stenting alone. This could be considered as viable modality in management of such patients where very limited treatment options are available.

LATENT TUBERCULOSIS POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS: REACTIVATION OF INFECTION.

Tuberculosis continues to be one of the most important infectious causes of death worldwide. Despite substantial investments and progress made in expansion of directly observed therapy short course (DOTS) strategy, improved treatment completion rates and inadequate case detection remains a major obstacle for global control of Tuberculosis. The global case detection rate has increased from 28% to 60%. However, it is estimated that approximately 50% of patients with tuberculosis are still not diagnosed or treated appropriately. The current diagnostics tests (tuberculin skin test and interferon-gamma release assays) poorly predict who will develop active disease and the therapeutic options available are not optimal for the scale of the intervention that may be required. In this article, we discuss a basis of current understanding of latent TB and highlight their biomarkers. We conclude that the identification new biomarkers which can distinguish various stages within latency are urgently needed in order to prioritize those LTB individuals with the highest risk to reactivate the infection.

THE ROLE OF T REGULATORY AND TH17 CELLS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (REVIEW).

Chronic inflammation of joints of autoimmune origin - rheumatoid arthritis - develops due to deplorable coincidence of genetic, immune and environmental factors. Th17 cells are considered as the main effector cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Analysis of many reports clarify positive correlation between the frequencies of circulating Th17 cells, serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23, synovial IL-17 and disease activity. Autoreactive Th clone response is regulated by the certain population of suppressor cells - T regulatory cells (Tregs). Contradictory results have been reported concerning Treg cell proportion in RA peripheral blood, but there is a general agreement on Treg cell enrichment in RA synovial fluid, that somehow compensates inflammation, but cytokine environment in the inflamed joint reduces functional activity of Tregs. Imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells may play a initiative role in RA pathogenesis because predominant Th17 cells can provoke vigorous pro-inflammatory response by producing IL-17 and impaired Tregs, partly due to the cytokine microenvironment, cannot regulate autoreactive immune response. Currently, a major focus of study in RA is to control IL-17 and modulate Treg activity in order to design new and improved therapies to limit inflammation and re-establish self-tolerance.

HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: CURRENT AND PROSPECTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal and the most common primary liver cancer with increasing worldwide incidence. Pathogenesis of HCC is immune mediated, however, not completely understood. Chronic low-grade inflammation alters both innate and adaptive immune responses. As a result tolerogenic environment is established in damaged organ. Up to date, incomplete understanding of HCC pathogenesis and the extend of biomarker variability among patients represent the major obstacle for early diagnosis and for the choice of effective treatment. Among current treatment options for HCC, thermal ablation strategy, which in addition to cancer eradication provides adjuvant/"danger"signal to the patient's immune cells, has demonstrated its active immunotherapeutic effect. In ongoing phase I/II clinical trials, tumor antigen loaded dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines as well as tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells are being tested. Genetically redirected T cell therapy and more refined autologous vaccines are still awaiting approaches in HCC. The topic of this review focuses on current and bench-to-bedside immunotherapeutic strategies for HCC and discusses their advantages and limitations in clinic. We also weight up several prospective immunotherapeutic approaches which in theory have the potential for further implication in HCC. Combination of the induction of effective antitumor immunity with the inhibition of the mechanisms of tumor-induced immunosuppression ought to be a key objective in these future developments.

CASE REPORT OF IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME RESPONDING TO OMALIZUMAB.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most commonly diagnosed gastrointestinal condition manifested by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits in the absence of any organic cause. While 10% - 20% of the population has IBS, only ≈ 25% of patients with IBS seek professional health care. Due to IBS multifactorial etiology, there is no single therapeutic option available with a satisfactory efficacy; therefore, patients frequently express a high level of frustration with their current therapies. We present a case of the 42 year-old woman with IBS, who was administered Omalizumab (a recombinant DNA-derived humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody which specifically binds to free human immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the blood) doe to concomitant antihistamine resistant chronic spontaneous urticaria and experienced significant improvement in overall IBS symptoms. If our observation will be confirmed in prospective randomized studies, Omalizumab may turn out to be a useful pharmacological tool for this common disorder.

LIPID PROFILE AND CYTOKINES INTERACTIONS DURING SUCCESSFUL AGING.

Aging is accompanied by a loss of homeostasis, which leads to increase of susceptibility and vulnerability to cancers, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. Numerous studies have been suggested that even in the absence of acute infection ageing associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and the underlying cause of this process may be an immunosenescence as well as shifts production of cytokines levels. However, the results on age-related alterations of these cytokine levels are inconsistent. The main aim of our study was to evaluate how the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and lipoproteins fraction varies through aging as well as how these changes related each other in an apparently healthy population. For this purposes, 220 healthy volunteers were selected on the basis of clinical records and laboratory examinations. Individuals with various health problems were excluded. Fasting triglycerids (TG), low and high density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) and cytokines (IL-6, IL4, 10, 17, IFN, TNF) levels were measured using commercial assay kits. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (Chicago, IL, USA). The results revealed that all studied cytokines levels did not fluctuate by gender. LDL means value differ significantly between men and women. Age are not main predictor for HDL, TG, IL4, IL6, IFN circulating levels, however, the production of LDL, IL17 and IL10 showed significant deviations through aging: especially, LDL and IL17 were augmented, while IL-10 were reduced. It is interestingly, that besides the age, LDL levels were correlated with TNF-alfa and IL10, while triglyceride were only associated with IL10 levels. It has to be note that the correlations did not changes after adjustment of age. The result of our study shown that lipoproteins (LDL, TG) and cytokines (TNF, IL10, IL17) levels are linked and can be used as a prognostic markers of cardiovascular diseases development.

CORRELATION BETWEEN THE LIPID PROFILE AND THE IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE ELDERLY.

Some changes in lipid metabolism and immune status occurring at aging are accompanied with development of inflammatory metabolic disorders and age-associated pathologies. It is well-known that permanent stimulation of immune responses may lead to hyperlipidemia that, in its turn, may evoke immune disturbances and affect the auto-inflammation processes. It seems important to explore a mutual relationship between lipid metabolites and immunology markers in order to better manage the age-associated diseases. In Georgian population the study on associations between the lipid metabolism and the immunological parameters might be especially interesting due the specific geo-climate environment and dietary peculiarities of the country. Study involved 250 healthy volunteers at the age of 18-80 years that were tested on the lymphocyte sub-populations (CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD4+CD8+, CD4+CD25+FoxP3+) in peripheral blood, as well as on the levels of lipids (Low-and High density lipoproteins, triglycerides and total cholesterol levels. The study revealed statistically significant differences between the under-60 and above-60 age groups by the level of lipids (low density lipoproteins and total cholesterol) and of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cell counts in the healthy population of Georgia. Meanwhile, the lipid fractions (low density lipoproteins, triglycerides and total cholesterol) showed statistically reliable positive correlation with CD4+CD8+ cell but negative correlation with CD4+CD25+FoxP3+cell counts.

Cytokines and T regulatory cells in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreatic islet, in which insulin-producing ß-cells are preferentially destroyed to varying degrees by the concerted action of autoreactive T-cells and monocytic cells. Th1-type cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) correlate with T1D, whereas Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10), Th3 (TGF-ß), and T regulatory cell-type cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-ß) correlate with protection from T1D. An altered balance between the proinflammatory and regulatory T-cell responses, in which T regulatory cells lose the battle, leads to T1D. The aim of current study was to determine the role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and cytokines: IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-4, IL-17 in pathogenesis of T1D.The study was carried out on 71 patients suffering from T1D at the department of endocrinology, Tbilisi State Medical University and Diabetic Children Association. The circulating levels of (IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-4, IL-17) were determined by ELISA according manufactures' protocol (R&D Systems Inc., USA). Tregs - CD4+CD25+ frequency was determined on cytofluorometer (BD FACSCalibur flow cytometer, USA). Statistical analysis was performed by using STATISTICA 8.0 for PC (Statsoft Inc., Minneapolis, USA) and Mann-Whitney U-test. Our study revealed significant decrease of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-4 plasma levels (1.197-, 1.188-, 1.504- and 1.840-times respectively) and increase of IL-17 plasma level (2.311-times) on the background of almost unchanged frequency of Tregs in patients with type 1 diabetes. In T1D patients CD4+CD25+ Tregs frequency did not correlate with diabetes duration and positivly correlated with age and IL-4. We supposed that decreased level of IL-4 and IL-10 reflects inhibited functional activity of these cells. We suggested that shifted balance of Th17/Tregs towards inflammatory IL-17 producing cells and decreased levels of suppressive cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 play crucial role in T1D. Future studies are needed to clarify changes in which subsets of heterogenous population of regulatory cells are associated with diabetes duration and how the therapy affects their frequency and function.

[The condition of oxidation-antioxidation balance of kidney and suprarenal tissue in experimental traumatic shock with white rats and the influence of Plaferon LB].

The aim of the work is the study of the oxidation-ant oxidation balance of kidney and suprarenal tissue and the influence on them of Plapherone LB preparation. The objects for experiment were 30 white rats which weigh was about 200gr. The traumatic shock was reproduced according to Kennon. White rats were divided into two groups. In 15 minutes after shock intraperitonealy were made: first group - 0,3 ml of physiologic solution, second group - Plapherone LB 0,06 mg on 0,3 mg of physiologic solution. Separately was studied control group of animals. The tissues were studied by the method of electronic paramagnet resonance on RE-1304 radiometer (Russia). The rough upset of oxidation-antioxidation balance was revealed. The use of Plapherone LB in this case promotes the optimization of these changes.

[Influence of antioxidants under polytrauma during traumatic sickness].

To study protective effect of Plapheron LB during grave traumatic sickness. Studied 94 patients with grave polytrauma, who were divided in to two groups of 47 patients. To I-st group was prescribed ordinary program of intensive therapy and to the II-nd group of patients additionally to the ordinary program of intensive therapy was made Plapheron LB in dose of 0.028 mg/kg two times a day sublingually during ten days. Grave condition of the patient was fixed by RTS scale and grave of shock by Skinner scale. Stated that each group was different in grave traumatic and shock conditions. Separately was studied group of health patients. The study was held by the method of electro-paramagnetic resonance of venous blood to admitted to hospital patients and on fifth day of intensive therapy. Noted: NO, FeS-NO, Fe(3+)-transpherin, Fe(2+) and Met-Hb. From immunology cytokin TNF-alpha was studied by the method of immunopherment. Results of study and discussion: Plapheron LB promotes decrease of the process of peroxide oxidation of lipids, increases activation of antioxidant ferments, stimulates production of nitric oxide and decreases the quantity of pyoinflammatory complication from those organs and systems which has no frequent effect of medical manipulation.

Modulation of no synthesis by plaferon LB in liver.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical involved in the regulation of many physiological processes. NO exerts important effects on liver in health and diseases. In the present study, we attempted to evaluate the influence of plaferon LB on the liver injury in two experimental models: immune-mediated and mechanical (traumatic shock) liver damage models. The results of our study demonstrated that plaferon LB decreased levels of NO in traumatic shock, but enhanced NO expression on con-A induced hepatitis. Furthermore, plaferon LB inhibited development of metabolic changes in liver tissue and facilitated restoration of hepatocyte function and structure of the tissue. Thus, our data revealed that plaferon LB was a powerful regulator of NO levels in experimental liver injury. Further investigations are needed to determine pro- and anti-apoptotic properties of plaferon LB in the liver.

[Manifestations of oxidative stress and its correction in traumatic shock]. / Proiavleniia oksidantnogo stressa i ego korrektsiia pri travmaticheskom shoke.

The case study purpose was to investigate the oxidation-antioxidation process in the affected organism after traumatic shock and under the impact of Plapherone LB. A randomized experiment involved 94 patients who were shared between 2 groups: group 1--routine intensive therapy, group 2--it received additionally Plapherone LB (sublingually, 2 mg protein/day). Ten persons of the control group were investigated separately. It was found by the method of electron paramagnet resonance that the antixidant system became weaker (in patients with traumatic chock), the lipoid oxidants got more intensified, the activity of their oxidant enzymes went up and the concentration of free radical got to be higher. Finally, Plapherone LB was found to promote the optimization of such systemic changes, since it normalized the xanthine oxidase activity in experimental traumatic shock.