RESUMO
BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MicroRNAs are dysregulated in cancer and may play essential roles in tumorigenesis. Additionally, miRNAs have been shown to have prognostic and diagnostic value in certain types of cancer. The objective of this study was to identify dysregulated miRNAs in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EEC) and the precursor lesion, complex atypical hyperplasia (CAH). METHODOLOGY: We compared the expression profiles of 723 human miRNAs from 14 cases of EEC, 10 cases of CAH, and 10 normal proliferative endometria controls using Agilent Human miRNA arrays following RNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. The expression of 4 dysregulated miRNAs was validated using real time reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS: Forty-three miRNAs were dysregulated in EEC and CAH compared to normal controls (p<0.05). The entire miR-200 family (miR-200a/b/c, miR-141, and miR-429) was up-regulated in cases of EEC. CONCLUSIONS: This information contributes to the candidate miRNA expression profile that has been generated for EEC and shows that certain miRNAs are dysregulated in the precursor lesion, CAH. These miRNAs in particular may play important roles in tumorigenesis. Examination of miRNAs that are consistently dysregulated in various studies of EEC, like the miR-200 family, will aid in the understanding of the role that miRNAs play in tumorigenesis in this tumour type.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Neoplasias do Endométrio/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Família Multigênica/genética , Regulação para Cima/genética , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Análise por Conglomerados , Neoplasias do Endométrio/diagnóstico , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
The diagnosis of fungal endocarditis requires a high index of clinical suspicion. Rarely, pacemaker implantation may be a risk factor for the development of fungal endocarditis. A 71-year-old man with a history of multiple transvenous pacemaker manipulations and fever of an uncertain source is described. A diagnosis of culture-negative pacemaker endocarditis was established only after repeat transthoracic echocardiography. Amphotericin B was instituted; however, the patient developed a cerebral infarct and died. Postmortem examination demonstrated Aspergillus fumigatus within a large pacemaker lead thrombus, tricuspid and aortic valve vegetations, and septic pulmonary and renal emboli. The present report describes the clinical and pathological features of a rare case of Aspergillus fumigatus pacemaker lead endocarditis and suggests that serial echocardiograms may be effective in the early detection of pacemaker lead vegetations. The diagnostic features and therapeutic management of pacemaker lead endocarditis are reviewed.
