An emerging entity after pandemic: Post-coronavirus disease 2019 syndrome and associated medical complications.

The coronavirus disease 2019 is a devastating illness that has infected millions of people since the beginning of year 2020, through its multi-systemic manifestations that range widely in severity. Because current knowledge on the types and severities of medical illnesses encountered by patients who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 is limited, it remains unknown whether these illnesses are direct sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 infection or unrelated coincidences. In this article, we summarize the evidence currently available on post-coronavirus disease 2019 medical complications and propose directions for studying the long-term complications of coronavirus disease 2019 in the future.

Usefulness of the ratio of transmitral E wave velocity to isovolumic relaxation flow propagation velocity for predicting left ventricular end-diastolic pressure.

Transmitral E wave velocity was reported to be positively related to left ventricular (LV) filling pressure and negatively related to LV relaxation constant, and isovolumic relaxation flow propagation velocity (IRFPV) was proven recently to be negatively related to LV relaxation constant and independent of preload alterations. Therefore, the combination index, E/IRFPV, may eliminate the influence of LV relaxation and bring the LV filling pressure into focus. However, it is unknown whether E/IRFPV is a useful index in prediction of LV filling pressure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between E/IRFPV and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). Forty-three patients with suspected coronary artery disease who underwent a Doppler echocardiographic study and cardiac catheterization were included. LVEDP was determined by a micromanometer-tipped catheter. In a univariate analysis, LVEDP had a positive correlation with left atrial dimension, LV end-diastolic dimension, LV end-systolic dimension, the ratio of E to E wave propagation velocity (EPV) (r = 0.408, p = 0.007), the ratio of E to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (Ea) (r = 0.439, p = 0.003) and E/IRFPV (r = 0.686, p < 0.001). It had a negative correlation with diastolic blood pressure, E wave deceleration time, LV ejection fraction, EPV, Ea and IRFPV. After stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, only the E/IRFPV was the independent predictor of LVEDP (beta = 0.667, p < 0.001). In conclusion, E/IRFPV is a useful parameter in prediction of LVEDP.