[Clinical and epidemiologic aspects of overweight and nutritional habits of schoolchildren and teenagers]. / Aspecte clinico-epidemiologice ale excesului ponderal si particularitati nutritionale la copilul si adolescentul de vârsta scolara.

UNLABELLED: Obesity is a complex, pluricausal disease that develops through the interaction of social,'behavioural, cultural, physiological, metabolic and genetical causes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 1764 school age children from Iasi city. Data was collected by measuring their weight, height and arterial pressure. 283 children were diagnosed with weight excess and have been questioned about their nutritional habits and life quality. RESULTS: It has been concluded that 50.17% of the children were breastfed in the first months of life. The weight excess was frequently correlated with: irregular meal schedule (57.59%), roast meal cooking (69.61%), eating white bread (77.38%), predilection for fat meat (66.78%), processed cheese and butter (69.25%), french fries (68.19%), everyday dessert (62.89%), highly concentrated sweets (cookies, chocolate) (63.95%), biscuits, snacks, chips (73.85%) and sweet juices (66.42%). Inactivity was also an important factor, often associated with weight excess, considering that 60.42% of the children spend their spare time watching TV or playing computer games and only 32.86% of the children practice sport during their spare time. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity and overweight are pathologies with increasing incidence in our country and they are caused by a combination between genetical factors and, more important, nutritional habits and the amount of time dedicated to physical exercise.

[Research on the incidence and prevalence of congenital abnormalities in Iasi district and Iasi city, from 2001 to 2008]. / Cercetari pentru cunoasterea incidentei si prevalentei anomaliilor congenitale, în judetul si municipiul Iasi, in perioada 2001-2008.

UNLABELLED: Congenital abnormalities (CA) are deviations from the normal embryonic development that appear antenatal and they are characterized by the alteration of the morphology and function of an organ, system of organs or even of the entire body. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study, on a period of eight years, included 1685 children with CA, from which 58% were males and 50% were from the country-side. RESULTS: It has been observed that 36% of the CA cases were premature births and 64% were normal term births. Also, 21% of the children with CA weighed less than 2700 grams at birth and 79% weighed more than 2700 grams at birth. The birth's APGAR score has been less than 7 in 30% of the cases and higher than 7 in 70% of the cases. 72% of the cases were natural births and 28% were caesarian births. 88% of the CA cases were singular congenital abnormalities and 12% were multiple congenital abnormalities. 24% of the CA were cardiac abnormalities and 21% were skeletal abnormalities. 3% of the subjects of the study have died, of which 69% died from cardiac abnormalities, 22% from hydrocephalus abnormalities, 7% from diaphragmatic hernia and 2% from renal congenital abnormalities.

[Clinical epidemiological retro prospective studies on the incidence and prevalence of cardiac congenital abnormalities in a group of 1570 children, born in Iasi between 2000-2009]. / Evaluari clinico-epidemiologice, retro-prospective asupra incidentei si prevalentei unor malformatii congenitale de cord, pe un lot de 1570 de copii, nascuti in judetul si in municipiul Iasi, in perioada 2000-2009.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study has been conducted on a period of ten years and it included 1570 children with congenital abnormalities (CA), of which 371 (24%) were cardiac abnormalities, 312 (20%) were skeletal abnormalities, 55 (3%) were Down Syndrome and 832 (53%) were other pathologies. RESULTS: 48% of the 371 children that were diagnosed with cardiac CA were males, while 52% were females; 52% of the children were from the city, while 48% were from the country-side; 42% of the children have been born prematurely, while 58% of them have been born at normal term. 38% of the children had an APGAR score lower than 7 and 62% of them had an APGAR score higher than 7. Of the total number of births, 72% were caesarian births and 28% were natural births. The different types of Cardiac CA that have been encountered in the study were atrioventricular canal (56%), transposition of the great vessels (18%), common arterial trunk (10%), atrial septal defect (8%), ventricular septal defect (5%) and tetralogy of Fallot (3%). 66% of the total number of deaths were represented by those with cardiac pathology, 21% were caused by hydrocephalus, 7% were caused by diaphragmatic hernia, 4% had renal CA, while 2% were caused by other pathologies.

[Assessment of complications of excess weight in school-age children and adolescents]. / Evaluarea complicatiilor excesului ponderal la copilul si adolescentul de vârsta scolara.

UNLABELLED: Due to the higher incidence of children obesity, in the last decade, the scientific community as well as mass media have increased their interest towards obesity and eating habits. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study has been made on a number of 108 pediatric patients with intercurrent affections that has been diagnosed with obesity or weight excess between 2005 and 2008. The evaluation of the pacients has been done with the use of anamnesis, full clinical examination and biochemical investigations. RESULTS: The case repartition based on body mass index has revealed that 46.29% of the pacients have excess weight and 53.70% suffer from obesity. The biochemical alterations have shown the following: regarding the glucidic metabolism--21 cases with impaired basal glycaemia, 5 cases with low glucose tolerance and 2 cases with diabetes mellitus type 1; regarding the lipidic metabolism--39 cases with modifications of triglycerides, of cholesterol fractions or of both categories. Also, we found the X metabolic syndrome in 20 of the studied cases, hyperuricaemia in 13 cases, hepatic steatosis in 10 cases and arterial hypertension in 34 of the cases. Almost half of the interviewed subjects have accused different types of psycho-behaviour changes. CONCLUSIONS: From the investigated complications, the dislipidemic syndrome, arterial hypertension and glucidic metabolism disorders have had an important place and have completed the metabolic syndrome picture in an important number of cases.