[Congenital giant melanocytic nevi]. / Vrozhdennyi gigantskii melanotsitarnyi nevus.

The paper describes a case of a rare tumor disease with massive involvement of the skin, mainly that of the occipital head and brain and liver tissues in a newborn infant. It considers the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of a giant tumor cell nidus in the skin of the occipital head.

Ultrastructural markers of tissue endometrial receptivity in patients with recurrent implantation failure.

The scanning electron microscopy of the endometrial surface epithelium during the 'implantation window' was performed in 119 patients with uterine factor of infertility or recurrent miscarriage due to endometrial hypoplasia. Ultramorphological picture of the surface endometrial epithelium was characterized by aplasia and hypoplasia of pinopodes (67.39%), dense cell - cell contacts (69.53%), heteromorphy of secretory cells (15.22%) in combination with atypia of microenvironment cells (50%) in patients with infertility. The asynchronous development of pinopodes (46.67%) and the absence of intercellular contacts separation during the 'implantation window' (84.44%) was observed in patients with recurrent miscarriage. The revealed disturbance determines the mechanisms of the blastocyst adhesion violation and trophoblast invasion in the different stages of implantation in patients with uterine factor of infertility and recurrent miscarriage.

[The phenotypic and functional characteristics of cells of inherent and adaptive immunity of newborns of various gestation age.]

During last years, a large number of studies related to investigation of development of immune system at early stages of ontogenesis are directed to expansion of concepts of mechanisms of inherent and adaptive immunity in premature newborns. However, discrepancy in publication data and absence of accurate conceptions about condition of immune system in children of various gestation age determine actuality of further investigation of this problem. The study was carried out to establish characteristics of phenotypic and functional characteristics of cells of inherent and adaptive immunity. The sampling included newborns of various gestation age: group I - 22-27 weeks (n=15), group II - 28-32 weeks (n=29), group III - 33-36 weeks (n=25), group IV - 37-41 weeks (n=25). The number of lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD95+CD3+, CD45RO+CD3+, CD45RA+CD3-) and monocytes (HLA-DR+CD14+, CD282+CD14+, CD4+IFNγ+, CD4+IL4+) was detected using flow cytofluorometry technique. It is established that capacity of monocytes to discern patterns of pathogenicity of microorganisms is developed in children to gestation age of 22 weeks. The characteristic of children of gestation age of 22-27 weeks is deficiency of processes of presentation of antigen and proliferative activity of specific clones of lymphocytes associated with increased spontaneous production of intracellulary cytokines (IFN-γ+ и IL-4+) by regulative CD4+-cells. At reaching gestation age of 28 weeks, the percentage content of activated monocytes, main populations of T-lymphocytes and number of cytokines-producing cells correspond to age of full-term child. The received data dictate necessity of implementation of further investigations directed to establishment of age normative values of indices of immunity of full-term children.

Immunological and hemostasiological disorders in women with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

To assess the markers of destabilization of homeostasis in women with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), the investigation of the levels of cortisol, markers of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, endothelin, proinflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins, and parameters of hemostasis was performed. Our survey involved 105 women who became pregnant after IVF: 21 women with symptoms of the early moderate and severe OHSS, 28 women with the late moderate and severe OHSS, and 56 pregnant women undergoing IVF without symptoms of OHSS. It was found significant increase of levels of cortisol, interleukins, the number of leucocytes, concentration of fibrinogen and D-dimers in patients with early and late OHSS. The development of late OHSS is associated with the lower level of IL-8 and ceruloplasmin. The OHSS is characterized by leukocytosis, higher level of IL-6, TNF-α, fibrinogen, D-dimers, thus reflecting the homeostasis imbalance. The determination of the level of fibrinogen, D-dimers, leukocytes can be an important screening test of the intensity of the inflammatory process in patients with OHSS.