[Radionuclide cisternography in the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus]. / Cysternografia radioizotopowa w rozpoznawaniu wodoglowia z prawidlowym cisnieniem plynu mózgowo-rdzeniowego.

An overview of significant research results of the last four decades as well as the author's own experience have served as a basis for the presentation of the radioisotope method and the radiopharmaceuticals in the diagnostics of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Also the physiology of the formation of PM-R its flow and absorption have shortly been discussed. Hydrocephalus is a major clinical, diagnostic and therapeutical problem. In the initial diagnosis of that pathology, methods like CT and MRI play an important role, which has also been the subject of this article. A clear and useful classification of hydrocephalus has been presented as well as NPH in adults as a clinical pathological syndrome together with its etiology, diagnostics and the differentiation in relation to other forms of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus and the atrophy of the brain have been illustrated by images taken by the author. In the assessment of the NPH in terms of a patient's qualification for a shunting operation a number of diagnostic factors are of particular importance. These are: the infusion test using PM-R pressure measurement of the ventricle system or the subarachnoid space on the spinal cord level, the neuropsychological evaluation as well as the brain imaging using emission tomography SPECT or the measuring of the brain metabolism by PET technique. None of these methods has been universal in diagnostic terms. Radionuclide cisternography seems to be the most physiological method that allows to gain more direct insight into the dynamics and the PM-R flow and its absorption. The results of the radioisotope examination turn out to be the most reliable criterion in the diagnostics of NPH.

[Dacryocystography and dacryoscintigraphy in diagnosis of naso-lacrimal duct obstruction]. / Dakriocystografia i dakrioscyntygrafia w diagnostyce niedroznosci dróg lzowych.

PURPOSE: To find the right diagnostic test through checking the drainage of lacrimal ducts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Dacryocystography of lacrimal ducts was performed in 25 patients by using 0.5-1 ml of Lipidiol and conducting X rays in different head positions--3-4 photograph in A-P projection (exposition's parameters 85-90 kV and 12-15 mAs, distance lamp-table: 100-130 cm, Philips Diagnose 93). For stereo estimation--2 oblique photographs of head, deviated at 45 towards central body line. Patient is brought on vertical position and after 5 minutes radiography in A--P projection can show remaining contrast in lacrimal duct. Dacroscintigraphy was done in 200 patients by dropping in conjunctival sac 1 drop of sterile 99mTc, in dose 3.7-7.4 MBq (100-200 uCi). The patients head is immobilized on the support, close to detection head of gamma camera (ediso Nucline TH) with LEHR. Distribution of this drug was visible on the monitor and saved in the computer's memory. Data was registered during 10 minutes, summed up into end picture and then evaluated by sight. RESULTS: Many authors consider dacryoscintigraphy and dacryocystography as methods of choice in establishing correct diagnosis. High sensitiveness and mutual completion of both methods lets us quickly explain the reasons of epiphora and settle further management.