Sonographic findings of uterine cervical lymphoma manifesting as multinodular lesions.

Uterine cervical lymphoma, a very rare condition, has rarely been reported in sonographic findings in the English medical literature. We describe a case of uterine cervical lymphoma which was detected initially and depicted on sonography as a multinodular smoothly lobulated heterogeneous mass with some posterior enhancements.

High-resolution sonographic findings of ovarian granulosa cell tumors: correlation with pathologic findings.

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to determine the high-resolution sonographic findings of ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) and to correlate the sonographic findings with the pathologic findings. METHODS: A retrospective review of sonographic findings was conducted on 16 patients with surgically proven ovarian GCTs. Patients' ages ranged from 10 to 64 years (mean, 37.7 years). We evaluated the sizes and morphologic appearances of the ovarian tumors. The blood flow patterns of the tumors were assessed with Doppler sonography (n = 6). Sonographic findings were compared with pathologic findings. RESULTS: The maximal diameters of the masses were 2.0 to 15.4 cm (mean, 8.2 cm). The morphologic appearances of the masses were classified into 3 patterns; solid and cystic (n = 10), solid with a sponge form appearance (n = 4), and entirely solid (n = 2). The measured resistive index and pulsatility index of the solid portions were 0.23 to 0.5 and 0.26 to 0.62, respectively. Pathologic diagnoses of 13 adult ovarian GCTs and 3 juvenile GCTs were obtained. The solid and cystic masses had GCTs with macrofollicular and microfollicular patterns pathologically. The solid masses with a sponge form appearance had prominent hemorrhagic necrosis and diffuse proliferation of granulosa cells with trabecular and microfollicular patterns. The entirely solid masses had diffuse cellular proliferation with a trabecular pattern without cystic changes or hemorrhagic foci. CONCLUSIONS: Sonographic findings of ovarian GCTs included solid and cystic masses, solid masses with a sponge form appearance, and entirely solid masses, and the sonographic findings correlated well with the histopathologic findings.

In utero development of the fetal gall bladder in the Korean population.

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference ranges of the fetal gall bladder in the Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fetal gall bladder development was evaluated in well-dated, non-anomalous fetuses in the Korean population between February and April 2003 and the visualization rate and reference values were determined from the obtained data. RESULTS: The visualization rate of the fetal gall bladder increased as gestation advanced to a plateau above 90%, which was maintained between 16 and 34 weeks. The measured parameters from the fetal gall bladder had a significant positive relationship with gestational age (p = 0.000 for all cases), and the correlation of length and area with the gestational age (r = 0.741 and r = 0.690, respectively) was better than the correlation of width, height, and volume with gestational age. The repeatability coefficients and coefficients of variation between the two operators were 5.56 mm and 12.9% for the length and 344.11 mm(2) and 33.52% for the area. The median length of the fetal gall bladder in the Korean population was not significantly different from the mean length of gall bladders in the Caucasian and African-American populations (p = 0.915). CONCLUSION: We have provided reference values for the fetal gall bladder throughout the gestation period in the Korean population.