[Examination of selected biological properties for swarm cells in Proteus mirabilis]. / Badanie wybranych wlasciwosci biologicznych komórek dlugich (swarm cells) Proteus mirabilis.

Certain biological properties, which generally are thought to play a role in the bacterial pathogenicity, were compared in short rods, swarm cells and penicillin-induced filaments of Proteus mirabilis S1959. Swarm cells of P. mirabilis S1959 weakly adhere to human uroepithelial cells and also do not penetrate L929 line of mouse fibroblasts. They do not show any cytotoxic activity, are poorly phagocytized by macrophages and granulocytes and start to divide by the end of the phagocytosis process. Their well-marked cell-bound haemolytic activity is correlated with fast division to the short rods. In in vivo experiments we have demonstrated the presence of long filamentous multinucleate nonseptate cells in the bladder and in the kidneys of infected animals. However there was no correlation between the number of swarm cells seen under microscopic examination and the intensity of infection.

[Clinical use of Amifostine (WR-2721) as a preparation protecting healthy tissues from the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy]. / Kliniczne zastosowanie Amifostine (WR-2721) jako preparatu chroniacego zdrowe tkanki przed uszkodzeniami wywolanymi chemioterapia i radioterapia.

High doses of chemo- and radiotherapy, while theoretically more effective, are accompanied by severe toxicities and normal cells damage. This may have important implications for patients' management and can result in significant morbidity. Therefore, it is imperative to protect normal tissues from both the early and late damage caused by high doses of radiation and chemotherapy. Among the radioprotective agents synthetized during the last 30 years. Amifostine appeared to be one of the most promising. It was shown that this compound can protect normal cells from the toxic effects of ionizing radiation and chemotheraphy without affecting the efficacy of the therapy. Since 1986, initial trials with Amifostine in patients with diverse advanced neoplasms treated by chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been performed. Published data suggest that pretreatment with Amifostine significantly decreases hematologic, mucosal and renal toxicity as well as the frequency of neuropathy. Also, significant reduction in the frequency of hospitalization, mean hospital stay, and the number of days on antibiotics was observed after application of Amifostine.

Mouse model of infected wound.

Local Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of experimental wound in mice was performed. Suspension of living bacteria was injected beneath skin muscle after skin window had been made on the back of animals. On day 1, 2, 3 and 8 mice were sacrificed, biopsies were taken, number of colony forming units in muscle specimens was estimated and histological examination of skin muscle flaps was performed. The number of bacteria dropped from the very beginning of experiment to the eighth day after infection, still remaining higher than critical value of clinical infection (10(5) CFU per 1 g). Histologically, healing processes beneath skin started from the third day and on the eight day the wounds were practically healed. Developed model of infected wound may be useful to study the antibacterial agents' effectiveness.

Accelerated repopulation of intestine post-irradiation following intraluminal injection of a mucosal cell suspension or its supernatant.

The injection of (1-7) x 10(5) mucosal cells into the intestinal lumen at 4 h after 14 or 18 Gy increased the number of intestinal microcolonies (> or = 10 cell foci) and microclusters (4-9 cell foci) when assayed at day 3. The effects were less when (a) the interval between irradiation and injection was increased to 20 h, (b) the assay time was increased to 4 days or more, (c) a cell supernatant was injected instead. The data indicate that the injections stimulated earlier regeneration. The effect of the supernatant suggests that the stimulation is mediated through a humoral factor.

[Effect of 5-fluorouracil on DNA synthesis, mitotic index and spleen cells in mice after syngeneic bone marrow transplantation]. / Wplyw 5-fluorouracylu na synteze, DNA, indeks mitotyczny i sklad komórkowy w sledzionach myszy po syngenicznych przeszczepach szpiku.

The effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on DNA synthesis, mitotic index and cell composition of mouse spleens after 6 Gy X rays irradiation of mice and syngenic bone marrow transplantation were investigated. One dose of 5-FU (100 mg/kg body weight) administered 16 hrs after bone marrow transplantation reduced mitotic index and development of bone marrow grafts, but did not inhibit incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA. It correlates with high thymidylate synthase activity previously noted in the same model. Also the increased number of cells from lineage of erythroblasts correlates with high DNA synthesis and thymidylate synthase activity indicating, probably, the presence in those cell lines, the cells with high thymidylate synthase content, resistant to 5-FU.

The effect of exercise associated with acute poisoning with potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite on the processes of intestinal absorption of D-xylose in rats.

The intestinal absorption of D-xylose was studied during acute poisoning of male Wistar rats receiving intragastrically potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite and small intestine perfusion with these compounds. The metabolic parameters, Na+/K(+)-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, oxygen uptake, and lactic acid level, were assessed in the small intestine mucosa one hour after administration of these compounds. Exercise was demonstrated to reduce the intestinal absorption of D-xylose, to raise the level of lactic acid, and to increase the oxygen uptake by the small intestine mucosa, but caused no changes in the activity of Na+/K(+)-ATPase or alkaline phosphatase. Also, exercise failed to change the direction of the toxic effects of sodium nitrite but increased potassium nitrate toxicity as evidenced by reduced absorption of D-xylose from the intestine despite lack of changes of the enzymes Na+/K(+)-ATPase and alkaline phosphatase in the mucosa.

The effect of exercise associated with subchronic poisoning with potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite on the processes of intestinal absorption of D-xylose in rats.

The intestinal absorption of D-xylose was studied during the subchronic poisoning of male Wistar rats with orally administered potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite associated with exercise; running on a moving track during the last two weeks of poisoning. The metabolic parameters of Na+/K(+)-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, oxygen uptake, and lactic acid level in the small intestine mucosa were determined one hour after D-xylose treatment. Exercise increased the toxicity of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite. The experiment demonstrated post-exercise reduction of D-xylose absorption and decrease activity of Na+/K(+)-ATPase and alkaline phosphatase. Exercise caused transient hypoxia of the small intestine, which was observed only in the groups subjected to exercise on the day of the determinations.

Efficacy and toxicity of N,N',N",N"'-tetra(2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoyl)-spermine for decorporation of 239Pu from mice.

Male SAS/4 mice were injected i.v. with 6.6 kBq 239Pu-citrate. After 1 or 24 h a single i.p. injection of 15 or 30 mumol kg-1 or repeated (three or four) daily injections of 30 mumol kg-1 of tetra-THB-spermine were given, and at 4 or 7 days Pu retention was measured in liver, kidneys and femur. Besides tetra-THB-spermine, equimolar doses of tetra-DHB-spermine were injected for comparison, or equimolar doses of diethylene triamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) as a reference compound. Histological changes in kidneys and liver were examined after i.p. injections of 30 mumol kg-1 or at 2-13 times higher doses of tetra-THB-spermine. The results show that: (1) Introduction of an additional hydroxy group into the aromatic moieties of tetra-DHB-spermine results in increased hydrophilicity, lower toxicity and a lower renal retention of Pu. (2) Tetra-THB-spermine and tetra-DHB-spermine are similarly effective in removing plutonium from liver and bone. Their efficacies in removing Pu from bone are approximately similar to those of DTPA but for whole-body removal they are generally inferior. (3) Multiple (30 mumol kg-1) of tetra-THB-spermine were no more effective than a single injection at mobilizing Pu from the liver. (4) Four injections of tetra-THB-spermine induced cloudy swelling and fatty degeneration in epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules. At levels of 400 mumol kg-1 tetra-THB-spermine produced severe degenerative glomerular lesions, foci of liver necrosis and thromboses of the portal vein branch.

[Morphological evaluation of the healing process after implantation of knitted polyester net into the muscles and bones]. / Ocena morfologiczna procesu wgajania sie dzianiny poliestrowej w tkance miesniowej i kostnej.

The usefulness of Polish polyester knitting used for reconstruction of aperidesmial tendons was tested in experiments. For this reason morphological picture was observed in place of knitting and muscle or bone connection at 39 adult rabbits. Calcaneal tendon together with plantar muscle tendon were replaced by polyester prosthesis, so thick as the rabbits tendon. After the autopsy, macroscopic and microscopic examination were performed. It was revealed, that in the first phase severe inflammation is observed, then granulation and cicatrization in surrounding tissues enables the healing process of the knitting. Meshy structure of the knitting facilitates its penetration through the fibrous tissue. The examinations prove complete assimilation of the implant to muscle and bone tissue.