Perineural invasion is a poor prognostic factor for sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, our primary objective is to elucidate the correlation between sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and perineural invasion (PNI), a topic that has received limited attention in prior literature. Furthermore, we have undertaken an examination of various other clinicopathological factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients aged ≥ 20 years with newly diagnosed sinonasal cancer and received treatment and care at a tertiary medical center. We excluded patients who did not have an SCC diagnosis, those who underwent palliative surgery, and individuals with insufficient follow-up data at the study endpoint. Ultimately, a total of 49 eligible participants were included in our further analysis. RESULTS: PNI and advanced T staging were associated with increased risk of local recurrence (LR). Furthermore, PNI was significantly associated with an adverse prognosis in terms of LR-free survival. Participants with PNI had significantly worse overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS). Patients with LR had significantly worse OS, DFS, and DSS. CONCLUSION: PNI is associated with an elevated risk of LR and reduced OS, DFS, and DSS in patients with sinonasal SCC. These findings can facilitate the formulation of more targeted and effective treatment strategies for sinonasal SCC in clinical practice.

Association between Serum Calcium and Risk of Cardiometabolic Disease among Community-dwelling Adults in Taiwan.

Serum calcium, although only comprising 1% of total body calcium, is involved in intracellular signal pathways, vascular dilatation/constriction, and muscle contraction, which are crucial for insulin secretion, cholesterol catabolism, and blood pressure regulation. As far as we know, research on the relationship between serum calcium level and metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes, and hypertension in one longitudinal study is rare. Owing to the crucial role of serum calcium in human cardiometabolic physiology and lack of related study so far, this study aims to describe the relationship between serum calcium level and the incidence of MetS, diabetes, and hypertension. During the period 2010-2016, there are two parts to our study: cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal analysis. Logistic regression was applied for cross-sectional analysis of the association between serum calcium level or albumin-corrected calcium (ACCA) and the prevalence of MetS, diabetes, or hypertension. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used for calculating of optimal cut-off value of serum calcium and ACCA. Cox proportional regression for development of MetS, diabetes, and hypertension according to different cut-off values of serum calcium level and ACCA were conducted. At baseline, there were 27,364 participants in our study. Serum calcium level had positive association with diabetes in the total population, male, and female. ACCA level had positive association with diabetes in the total population, male, and female. In unadjusted and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, serum calcium level was associated with increased risk of incident MetS in the total population and male. ACCA was associated with increased risk of incident MetS in the total population and male. ACCA was associated with increased risk of incident diabetes in the total population and male participants. This study describes the relationship between serum calcium level and the incidence of MetS, diabetes, and hypertension. Higher serum calcium level is associated with increased risk of MetS, diabetes, and hypertension.

Urinary biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the association with hearing threshold shifts in the United States adults.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are regarded as environmental pollutants that contribute to several adverse health outcomes. There is no research evidence to support a connection between PAH exposure and hearing loss. Our study aimed to determine the association between PAH exposure and hearing threshold shifts using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,071 US adults participating in the NHANES from 2001 to 2004. The association between PAH metabolites and the log-transformed hearing threshold was investigated using multivariate regression models, which included log-transformed, low-frequency and high-frequency thresholds. After additional pertinent adjustments, a positive correlation between PAH metabolite concentration and log-transformed hearing thresholds was observed. Individuals in the fourth quartile of PAH metabolite concentration had higher hearing thresholds compared with those in the first quartile of PAH metabolite concentration. Exposure to PAHs is related to hearing threshold shift at both low and high frequencies in the US adult population.

Exploring the Link between Serum Phosphate Levels and Low Muscle Strength, Dynapenia, and Sarcopenia.

Emerging evidences addressed an association between phosphate and muscle function. Because little attention was focused on this issue, the objective of our study was to explore the relationship of phosphate with muscle strength, dynapenia, and sarcopenia. From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 7421 participants aged 20 years or older were included in our study with comprehensive examinations included anthropometric parameters, strength of the quadriceps muscle, and appendicular lean masses. Within the normal range of serum phosphate, we used quartile-based analyses to determine the potential relationships of serum phosphate with dynapenia, and sarcopenia through multivariate regression models. After adjusting for the pertinent variables, an inverse association between the serum phosphate quartiles and muscle strength was observed and the linear association was stronger than other anthropometric parameters. Notably, the significant association between phosphate and muscle strength was existed in >65 years old age group, not in 20-65 years old. The higher quartiles of phosphate had higher likelihood for predicting the presence of dynapenia rather than sarcopenia in entire population. Our study highlighted that higher quartiles of phosphate had significant association with lower muscle strength and higher risks for predicting the presence of dynapenia.

The association of uric acid with the risk of metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension or diabetes in young subjects- An observational study.

BACKGROUND: A growing number of studies are available to shed some light on the association between uric acid (UA) and cardiovascular diseases. However, there have been few studies to support a causal link between UA, metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) in young subjects. METHODS: From the Health Examination Registration System of Taiwanese military service during the period 2013-2015, there were 46,561 eligible participants who were 20years old or older in our study. Different analytical steps of analysis were performed to examine the association between UA and cardiometabolic risk using logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Cox regression. RESULTS: For total population, serum UA had significant associations with the presence of MetS (OR=2.08, 95% CI=1.51-2.87), DM (OR=2.59, 95% CI=1.09-6.19) and HTN (OR=1.49, 95% CI=1.07-2.07) in the cross-sectional analysis. According to the cut-off values of UA calculating by the ROC curve analysis in each sex/age subgroup, the association between UA and incident adverse outcomes were analyzed in a longitudinal study. In male, higher UA significantly increased the risks for developing MetS in 30-40years (HR=1.12, 95% CI=1.01-1.25), DM in <30years (HR=2.75, 95% CI=1.38-5.45) and HTN in all subgroups (HR=1.17, 95% CI=1.01-1.37; HR=1.65, 95% CI=1.08-2.53; HR=1.72, 95% CI=1.22-2.43). In females, a higher UA was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident MetS in >40years (HR=2.99, 95% CI=1.34-6.64), HTN in >40years (HR=2.58, 95% CI=1.02-6.55), and no increased risk of DM. CONCLUSIONS: Our study concluded that serum UA is an important predictor for the risk of incident MetS, DM, and HTN in adults, especially in male population.