Incidence of Facial Nerve Injury and Sialocele Formation Following Mandibular Condylar and Sub-condylar Fracture Fixation.

Purpose: To study the incidence of sialocele formation in the parotid gland and to study the incidence of facial nerve affliction following treatment of mandibular condylar and sub-condylar fractures. Materials and methods: The present study is a retrospective study conducted on a total of 82 patients with 107 sub-condylar and condylar fractures treated in this centre from August 2008 to August 2020. The surgical approaches used to treat the fractures were considered, and the occurrence of sialocele, salivary fistula and facial nerve paralysis was noted. The facial nerve function was analysed using House-Brackmann system of classification. Results: The incidence of sialocele formation was seen in 15.87% of cases, and the incidence was seen more commonly during a preauricular approach (52.94%) followed by retromandibular (41.17%) followed by anterior parotid transmassetric approach (11.76%). The incidence of facial nerve affliction was seen in 17.57% of cases with majority of them showing temporal branch involvement in 21.05% of cases. Conclusion: During the treatment of condylar and sub-condylar fractures, the facial nerve is at considerable risk of damage; however, understanding the anatomy of the nerve is of importance to avoid such complications. Sialocele formation is also an undesirable complication of such surgeries, a prompt diagnosis and early treatment is mandatory to overcome further unwanted sequel.

A Retrospective Study of Complications in Cranioplasty: 7-Year Period.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the intraoperative and postoperative complications of cranioplasty and management during a 7-year period. METHOD: Retrospective study of 7-year period of 63 patients including both male and female. RESULTS: Highest experienced complications were seizures and dural tear, i.e., 6%, followed by EDH in 3% patients, hydrocephalus and pneumocephalus combined 3%, 1.6% CSF collection and flap necrosis each. All the complications were managed successfully. CONCLUSION: Complications of cranioplasty can be managed by following sound surgical principles. Serious complications like meningitis, air embolism and death are rare.

Application of Navigation Surgery in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Case and Review of Literature.

The aim of this article is to develop a navigation-guided oral and maxillofacial surgery including surgical planning, simulation and navigation in temporomandibular joint ankylosis case practiced in tertiary care hospital. After getting the computed tomographic angiography of head and neck, the special software of Brain lab® is used to mark the arteries and veins of the patient, which was in close approximation to the mandibular condyle. Brain lab® navigation system was used during the surgery to ascertain the middle meningeal artery location, and osteotomy cut was given. Navigation technology use in the neurosurgery is not new. But its use in the subcontinent in the field of maxillofacial surgery is quite rare. First time, it has been used scientifically in temporomandibular joint ankylosis case. Navigation technology use in the maxillofacial surgery requires a holistic imaginative/creative approach to make the surgeries more predictive and safe.