RESUMO
In this study, we analyzed HLA-G expression in serum and graft biopsies of renal transplant patients to find out whether there is any relationship between HLA-G and renal graft acceptance. The transplant patients were divided into two groups: those without any rejection episode (n=32) and those with acute rejection (n=33). Patient sera were collected 1 day before and at various intervals after transplantation. Soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) in serum was determined using ELISA. In time-course experiment we found that in all patients (with and without rejection) the pre-transplantation level of sHLA-G declined in the early post-transplant period (1-2 weeks). In sera collected over 1-12 months after transplantation, a substantial increase of sHLA-G was detected in patients without rejection while no change or additional decline was observed in recipients with graft rejection. In sera collected after more than 1 year post-transplantation, sHLA-G levels increased in both groups of patients (with or without graft rejection). The time-course of serum sHLA-G antigens in patients with graft rejection was in good correlation with the course of total HLA-G mRNA determined in graft biopsy samples isolated from patients with acute rejection. We further demonstrated that serum sHLA-G values were significantly higher in patients without graft rejection than with rejection (P=0.0058). This observation supports the assumption that the increase of serum sHLA-G may contribute to allograft acceptance.
Assuntos
Antígenos HLA-G/metabolismo , Transplante de Rim , Transplantados , Adulto , Idoso , Biópsia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Rejeição de Enxerto/genética , Rejeição de Enxerto/imunologia , Rejeição de Enxerto/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-G/sangue , Antígenos HLA-G/genética , Antígenos HLA-G/imunologia , Histocompatibilidade , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Rim/imunologia , Rim/metabolismo , Rim/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Familial occurrence belongs to factors followed in etiology and pathogenesis of testicular germ-cell tumors. Association with abnormal testicular development, or with other risk factors is relatively frequent. In our material 650 patients had been treated for testicular cancer in the period of 1981-1995. Familial occurrence was observed 7-times (1.08%), most frequently in combination with cryptorchidism. Individual families were analyzed in details, including HLA typing. On basis of the observations the supplementation of initial examination of each patient with suspicious testicular cancer with detailed familial history aimed also at the occurrence of urogenital developmental anomalies and tumors has been recommended. The knowledge about familial tumor occurrence in the first-degree relatives in combination with thorough testicular self-examination is being considered of great importance in the secondary prevention.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Embrionário/genética , Seminoma/genética , Neoplasias Testiculares/genética , Testículo/anormalidades , Adolescente , Adulto , Carcinoma Embrionário/mortalidade , Carcinoma Embrionário/terapia , Criptorquidismo/genética , Antígenos HLA/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças Urogenitais Masculinas/genética , Orquiectomia , Linhagem , Seminoma/mortalidade , Seminoma/terapia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Neoplasias Testiculares/mortalidade , Neoplasias Testiculares/terapia , Testículo/patologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Family occurrence ranks belong the factors followed in etiology and pathogenesis of germ-cell tumours of the testis. Its association with abnormal testicular development, respectively with other risk factors is relatively frequent. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to indicate this coherence by means of case histories of author's patients and to propose further procedures. METHODS AND RESULTS: There were 535 patients treated for testicular cancer in the period of 1982-1994. Family occurrence was observed in 6 cases (1.12%), most frequently incombination with maldescensus testis. Individual families were analysed in detail, including HLA typization. Bilaterality of testicular cancer was observed in two brothers who were HLA identical. Other two brothers had the history of bilateral maldescensus testis, one of whom was subdued to bilateral orchiectomy in childhood, the other at the age of 16, a tumour in one testicle following orchidopexy performed in childhood. The history of maldesensus testis was observed in four members of another family, two of whom developed tumours. CONCLUSIONS AND MEANING FOR PRACTICE: Authors recommend supplementation of the initial examination of each patient with suspective testicular cancer with detailed family history aim at the occurrence of urogenital anomalies and tumours. General knowledge of the first-degree relatives about the possibility of family occurrence of tumours, and instructions for testicular self-examination are considered as the most suitable method from the stand point of secondary prevention. (Ref. 21.)
