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1.
Attach Hum Dev ; 25(1): 104-116, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33871320

RESUMO

The current study investigated whether variations at the level of the cortisol stress response moderate the association between parental support and attachment development. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a one-year longitudinal study with two waves in which 101 children (56% girls, Mage = 11.15, SDage = 0.70) participated. Attachment anxiety and avoidance were measured at baseline (Wave 1) and one year later (Wave 2). Parental support and children's cortisol stress response during the Trier Social Stress Test were measured at Wave 2. Children's cortisol stress response was found to moderate the association between parental support and relative change in anxious attachment. A strong cortisol stress response weakened the associated between parental support and relative change in anxious attachment. No moderation effects were found for relative change in avoidant attachment.


Assuntos
Hidrocortisona , Apego ao Objeto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Longitudinais , Ansiedade , Pais
2.
Physiol Behav ; 227: 113170, 2020 12 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32956684

RESUMO

AIMS: This paper examines the relationship between parental Psychological Control (PC) and depressive symptoms in adolescents and assesses whether this relationship was mediated by DNA methylation, focusing on the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1), which plays a crucial role in HPA-axis functioning and is linked to environmental stress and depression. This is among the very few studies that looked at the relation between DNA methylation, environmental stress and depression in family trios. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 250 families: father, mother and a biologically related adolescent (adolescents (48.9% boys), mean age: 15.14, SD= 1.9; mean age mothers: 45.83, SD= 4.2; mean age fathers: 47.77, SD= 4.7). Depressive symptoms and PC were measured in adolescents and in both parents. DNA methylation levels in NR3C1 were examined in all participants. RESULTS: Depressive symptoms in adolescents were predicted by PC of both mothers and fathers. Moreover, maternal depressive symptoms were associated with maternal PC, and fathers' depressive symptoms and PC. In fathers, only the level of their self-reported PC was associated with their depressive symptoms. There was no relation between adolescents' DNA methylation and depressive symptoms or the level of parental PC. Yet, there was a significant association between maternal depressive symptoms and maternal epigenetic patterns in NR3C1. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need for more research in order to better understand the biological and contextual mechanisms through which parenting and parental emotional well-being is related to the development of psychopathology.


Assuntos
Depressão , Receptores de Glucocorticoides , Adolescente , Depressão/genética , Epigênese Genética , Pai , Feminino , Glucocorticoides , Humanos , Masculino , Mães , Pais , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/genética , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo
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