RESUMO
We identify and explore the intriguing property of resource resonance arising within resource theories of entanglement, coherence, and thermodynamics. While the theories considered are reversible asymptotically, the same is generally not true in realistic scenarios where the available resources are bounded. The finite-size effects responsible for this irreversibility could potentially prohibit small quantum information processors or thermal machines from achieving their full potential. Nevertheless, we show here that by carefully engineering the resource interconversion process any such losses can be greatly suppressed. Our results are predicted by higher order expansions of the trade-off between the rate of resource interconversion and the achieved fidelity, and are verified by exact numerical optimizations of the appropriate underlying approximate majorization conditions.
RESUMO
What is the energy cost of extracting entanglement from complex quantum systems? Operationally, we may wish to actually extract entanglement. Conceptually, we may wish to physically understand the entanglement distribution as a function of energy. This is important, especially for quantum field theory vacua, which are extremely entangled. Here we build a theory to understand the energy cost of entanglement extraction. First, we consider a toy model, and then we define the entanglement temperature, relating energy cost to extracted entanglement. Next, we give a physical argument quantifying the energy cost of entanglement extraction in some quantum field vacua. There the energy cost depends on the spatial dimension: in one dimension, for example, it grows exponentially with extracted entanglement. Next, we provide approaches to bound the energy cost of extracting entanglement more generally. Finally, we look at spin chain models numerically to calculate the entanglement temperature using matrix product states.