[Dynamics of tolerance of +G loads by non-flying subjects: a longitudinal study]. / Dinamika perenosimosti peregruzok +G, litsami neletnykh professii pri dlitel'nom nabliudenii.

Selected cosmonauts-investigators may be held on wait for many years. The longitudinal health study is of great significance in the context of prediction of tolerance to various flight stresses. The purpose of this work was to investigate the tolerance to +Gz-loads during extended (up to 18 years) dynamic longitudinal study of 50 male cosmonauts and candidates of non-flying occupations by the data of 363 medical observation runs on a centrifuge with the radius of 7.25 m. Analysis of these data showed that 82 % of the subjects sustained good tolerance of G-loads and only 18 % of the subjects displayed its decrement or instability. A new proof received the data concerning better +Gz-tolerance by subjects aged 31-35 and less tolerance by the subjects younger than 30 and older than 46-50 years. The longitudinal study allowed to identify 4 types of G-tolerance variation, i.e., stable, relatively stable with individual drops down to decreased, non-stable with periodic drops, and a distinct trend towards a decrease. These investigations provided new scientific data about the dynamics of separate physiological functions during exposure to +Gz-loads resultant from longitudinal study of the same group of subjects, and allowed to make an expert prediction of shifts in the G-tolerance.

[The Jupiter-2 slow-rotation system]. / Medlennovrashchaiushchaiasia sistema "Iupiter-2".

The experience of space missions shows that functional disorders in crewmembers on the type of space motion sickness (SMS) may develop on the initial stage of flight. Longer exposure in micro-g causes a wide range of debilitative changes in the vital body systems. Artificial gravity produced by spacecraft rotation might be a universal tool to counteract the impacts of prolonged microgravity on the human body. However, the significance of SMS does not become less high because of a new factor, i.e. the rotating environment. Research system Jupiter 2 is a stand-alone slow-rotating ground facility for simulating motion sickness equivalent to its space form. The merits of this facility are the possibilities to control the intensity of exposure, perform long-term investigations of two active subjects simultaneously, and study the stages of body adaptation to this agent, and assess physical and operator's performance. The facility carries large expectations to occupational selection.