Multiphase MRI-Based Radiomics for Predicting Histological Grade of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous cancer. Accurate preoperative prediction of histological grade holds potential for improving clinical management and disease prognostication. PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of a radiomics signature based on multiphase MRI in assessing histological grade in solitary HCC. STUDY TYPE: Retrospective. SUBJECTS: A total of 405 patients with histopathologically confirmed solitary HCC and with liver gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI within 1 month of surgery. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted spoiled gradient echo sequence (LAVA) at 1.5 or 3.0 T. ASSESSMENT: Tumors were graded (low/high) according to results of histopathology. Basic clinical characteristics (including age, gender, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, history of hepatitis B, and cirrhosis) were collected and tumor size measured. Radiomics features were extracted from Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI data. Three feature selection strategies were employed sequentially to identify the optimal features: SelectFromModel (SFM), SelectPercentile (SP), and recursive feature elimination with cross-validation (RFECV). Probabilities of five single-phase radiomics-based models were averaged to generate a radiomics signature. A combined model was built by combining the radiomics signature and clinical predictors. STATISTICAL TESTS: Pearson χ2 test/Fisher exact test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), univariable/multivariable logistic regression analysis, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), DeLong test, calibration curve, Brier score, decision curve, Kaplan-Meier curve, and log-rank test. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: High-grade HCCs were present in 33.8% of cases. AFP levels (odds ratio [OR] 1.89) and tumor size (>5 cm; OR 2.33) were significantly associated with HCC grade. The combined model had excellent performance in assessing HCC grade in the test dataset (AUC: 0.801), and demonstrated satisfactory calibration and clinical utility. DATA CONCLUSION: A model that combined a radiomics signature derived from preoperative multiphase Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and clinical predictors showed good performance in assessing HCC grade. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 5.

E-cadherin (CDH1) gene -160C/A polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis involving 17,291 subjects.

BACKGROUND: The E-cadherin (CDH1) polymorphism has been implicated in the susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the results remain inconclusive. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between the CDH1-160C/A polymorphism and CRC risk. METHODS: Relevant studies were retrieved by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases up to 11 March 2021. Pooled odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated using either the fixed- or random-effects model. Quality evaluation was carried out using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to reduce the risk of type I error. RESULTS: In total, 16 studies from 14 articles with 8699 patients and 8592 controls were included. In general, all studies were of high quality (NOS score higher than 6). Overall, no significant associations between the CDH1 -160C/A polymorphism and CRC risk were detected. In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, source of control, genotyping method and location, significant associations were found between the CDH1-160C/A polymorphism and the risk of CRC in the Caucasians and the hospital-based subgroup. Furthermore, 10 studies with 8019 subjects reported the association between the polymorphism and clinical characteristics in CRC patients, and we found that the CDH1-160C/A polymorphism might show a protective role in the distal CRC subgroup. By TSA, the findings in the present study were based on sufficient evidence in Caucasians, but not in Asians. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that the CDH1-160C/A polymorphism may be an important protective factor for CRC in Caucasians and a hospital-based subgroup. Moreover, the polymorphism show a protective role in the distal CRC group. However, large and well-designed studies are warranted to validate our findings, especially for Asians.

Increased Circulating Osteoprotegerin Levels in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Based on Observational Studies.

Objectives: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) has been disclosed to be associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as increased risks of losing bone mass and progression of osteoporosis (OP). Osteoprotegerin (OPG), as a decoy receptor, has been demonstrated to play a critical role in bone metabolism homeostasis and vascular atherosclerotic diseases. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the associations between OPG levels and T1D. Methods: Related literatures were searched and identified from the database of the Cochrane Library database, PubMed and EMbase inception to August 3, 2019 in English. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated in using random-effect model analysis. Chi-square Q statistic and I2 test were performed to evaluate and quantified the presence of heterogeneity. Results: Twelve studies with 1288 subjects (794 T1D patients and 494 healthy controls) were finally included. The incorporated results indicated that T1D patients have higher plasma/serum OPG levels than in healthy individuals (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.06, 1.22). Subgroup analyses suggested that Caucasian and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) <8.5% groups showed higher OPG levels, however, there was no significant differences of OPG levels regarding subgroups of BMI ≥ or <25, children-adolescents or adults and HbA1c ≥8.5%. Conclusions: The current evidence suggested that circulating OPG levels are significantly higher in T1D than in healthy controls, and the increase of OPG levels are influenced by factors of race and HbA1c.

Treatment efficiency evaluation of left cardiac sympathetic denervation for patients with inherited arrhythmia by exercise-stress test / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of left cardiac sympathetic denervation (LCSD) in inherited arrhythmia patients with adrenergic activity-induced malignant ventricular arrhythmia, and observe exercise-stress test features before and after LCSD. Methods: This retrospective observational study included catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia(CPVT) and long QT syndromes(LQTS) patients who underwent video-assisted LCSD at Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital and Peking University People's Hospital from September 2006 to May 2020. The indications for LCSD surgery were intolerant or refractory to beta-blocker medication. Clinical and exercise-stress tests data of included patients were collected before and 1 month after LCSD. Heart rate, exercise tolerance, atrial and ventricular arrhythmia, QTc interval and predictors for sudden cardiac death were analyzed. Patents were regularly followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after LCSD and then once every year thereafter. Cardiac events and medication adjustment records were collected. Results: Five patients (2 CPVT, 1 LQT1, and 2 LQT2)were included in the study. All patients experienced syncope as first symptom at the median age of 12(10, 16)years, and underwent LCSD at the median age of 21(16, 26)years, Baseline heart rate was similar before and after LCSD ((65.6±6.5) beats/min vs. (68.0±11.1) beats/min, P=0.57); while maximum workload tended to be lower after LCSD ((12.1±2.8) metabolic equivalents (METS) before surgery vs. (10.5±2.4) METS after surgery, P=0.07). Incidence of atrial and ventricular arrhythmia were significantly reduced post LCSD, and the ventricular arrhythmia score was decreased after LCSD in CPVT patients (4 points before LCSD vs. 3 points after LCSD in case 1;5 points before LCSD vs. 3 points after LCSD in case 2). QTc interval was shortened significantly in three LQTs patients (QTc interval at baseline heart rate: (546.6±72.3) ms before surgery vs. (493±61.1) ms after LCSD, P=0.047; QTc interval at maximal exercise heart rate: (516.3±73.7) ms before surgery vs. (486.7±64.2)ms after LCSD, P=0.035). Additionally, sudden cardiac death risk indicator ΔHRR1 (heart rate decreasing value within the first 1 min during recovery phase) decreased from (51.5±21.1) beats/min before surgery to (32.0±13.9) beats/min after surgery (P=0.035). During a median follow-up of 1(1, 4) year, all five patients were on low dosage of propranolol (37.0±21.7) mg/d. Cardiac events free survival was achieved in four out of 5 patients (80%) after sympathectomy, while 1 case suffered from sudden cardiac death after emotional stress. Conclusion: LCSD surgery can be safely and effectively performed in most hereditary arrhythmia patients with adrenergic activity-induced life-threatening cardiac events. Exercise stress test results show that LCSD could reduce malignant arrhythmias and improve sudden cardiac death risk indicators without decreasing heart rate.

Association of circulating cystatin C levels with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to systemically summarize the present literature about circulating cystatin C (Cys C) levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and provide a more precise evaluation of Cys C levels in T2DM. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Relevant studies about Cys C concentrations in T2DM were searched in PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library database (up to Oct 31 2018). We computed the pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) of Cys C levels through a random-effect model. The Q test and the I2 statistic were used to assess and quantify between-study heterogeneity; publication bias was evaluated through a funnel plot and Egger's linear regression test. RESULTS: After the literature search and screening process, 14 studies with 723 T2DM patients and 473 healthy controls were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that T2DM patients had significantly higher Cys C levels compared to healthy controls (SMD = 1.39, 95% CI: 0.92-1.86, p < 0.001). Publication bias was not detected based on the symmetrical shape of the funnel plot and the results of Egger's test (p = 0.452). Subgroup analyses suggested that variables of human race, age, gender, study sample size and disease duration have a relationship with Cys C level in T2DM patients. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our study suggests that patients with T2DM have an elevated circulating Cys C level compared to healthy controls, and it is associated with race, age, gender, study sample size and disease duration. Further investigations are still needed to explore the causal relationship of aberrant Cys C concentrations in T2DM.

A preparation of ß-glucans and anthocyanins (LoGiCarb™) lowers the in vitro digestibility and in vivo glycemic index of white rice.

The effect of a proprietary blend of ß-glucan, anthocyanins and resistant dextrin (LoGICarb™) on the (1) in vitro digestibility and (2) in vivo glycemic response of humans to white rice, were carried out. The amounts of glucose released, rapidly digestible starch, and predicted glycemic index of white rice were significantly reduced, with addition of LoGICarb™. The mean glycemic index (GI) value of white rice, were also reduced from 72 to 55.0 ± 4.52, in 14 test subjects. These effects were due to the combination of anthocyanins and ß-glucans in one sachet of LoGICarb™. The anthocyanins could bind α-amylase, reducing the amount of available enzymes for starch digestion, thus slowing down starch digestion in white rice. In addition, ß-glucans helped increase the viscosity of meal bolus. This is the first study that demonstrated addition of plant-based extracts could significantly decrease the digestibility and GI value of cooked white rice.

Advances in the Surgical Treatment of Neuroblastoma / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>Objective</b>This study was to review the efficacy of surgical resections in different clinical situations for a better understanding of the meaning of surgery in the treatment of neuroblastoma (NB).</p><p><b>Data Sources</b>The online database ScienceDirect (201-2018) was utilized. The search was conducted using the keywords "neuroblastoma," "neuroblastoma resection," "neuroblastoma surgery," and "high-risk neuroblastoma."</p><p><b>Study Selection</b>We retrospectively analyzed of patients who underwent surgical resections in different clinical situations. The article included findings from selected relevant randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses or good-quality observational studies. Abstracts only, letters, and editorial notes were excluded. Full-text articles and abstracts were extracted and reviewed to identify key articles discussing surgery management of NB, which were then selected for critical analysis.</p><p><b>Results</b>A total of 7800 English language articles were found containing references to NB (201-2018). The 163 articles were searched which were related to the surgical treatment of NB (201-2018). Through the analysis of these important articles, we found that the treatments of NB at low- and intermediate-risk groups were basically the same. High-risk patients remained controversial.</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>NB prognosis varies tremendously based on the stage and biologic features of the tumor. After reviewing the relevant literature, patients with low-risk disease are often managed with surgical resection or observation alone with tumors likely to spontaneously regress that are not causing symptoms. Intermediate patients are treated with chemotherapy with the number of cycles depending on their response as well as surgical resection of the primary tumor. High-risk patients remain controversial. Multidisciplinary intensive treatment is essential, especially for patients who received subtotal tumor resection. Minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of NBs without image-defined risk factors in low- to high-risk patients is safe and feasible and does not compromise the treatment outcome. We conclude that ≥90% resection of the primary tumor is both feasible and safe in most patients with high-risk NB. New targeted therapies are crucial to improve survival.</p>

Roles of neurosteroids in the treatment of depressive episodes / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Neurosteroids are the key molecules in the central nervous system that modulate neural functions. They can influence human mood and behavior in various physiological and pathophysiological situations. Neurosteroids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of depressive episodes, providing innovative therapies for psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. This paper reviewed the research progress on the role of neurosteroids in the treatment of depressive episodes.

Roles of neurosteroids in the treatment of depressive episodes / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Neurosteroids are the key molecules in the central nervous system that modulate neural functions. They can influence human mood and behavior in various physiological and pathophysiological situations. Neurosteroids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of depressive episodes, providing innovative therapies for psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. This paper reviewed the research progress on the role of neurosteroids in the treatment of depressive episodes.

Innate immune cells and liver regeneration / 中国免疫学杂志

Liver regeneration depends on powerful immune system of ownself. TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-12,etc. that secreted by innate immune cells such as macrophages,dendritic cells,NK cells and NKT cells,could act on the hepatocytes and regulate liver regen-eration (LR) through corresponding signaling pathways. This article summarizes the mechanism of different innate immune cells on hep-atocytes,clarifies the recent advances of liver innate immune cellsduring liver regeneration process,lay the foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism of the development of liver regeneration and liver diseases, and for the research and development of new therapeutic methods for liver diseases.

Temporal variability and climatology of hydrodynamic, water property and water quality parameters in the West Johor Strait of Singapore.

The study presents a baseline variability and climatology study of measured hydrodynamic, water properties and some water quality parameters of West Johor Strait, Singapore at hourly-to-seasonal scales to uncover their dependency and correlation to one or more drivers. The considered parameters include, but not limited by sea surface elevation, current magnitude and direction, solar radiation and air temperature, water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a and turbidity. FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis is carried out for the parameters to delineate relative effect of tidal and weather drivers. The group and individual correlations between the parameters are obtained by principal component analysis (PCA) and cross-correlation (CC) technique, respectively. The CC technique also identifies the dependency and time lag between driving natural forces and dependent water property and water quality parameters. The temporal variability and climatology of the driving forces and the dependent parameters are established at the hourly, daily, fortnightly and seasonal scales.

Inhibitory effect of iron on in vitro proliferation of smooth muscle cells / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Iron is a biocorrodible metal that might be used in bioabsorbable stents. This study investigated the effects at the cellular and protein levels of soluble divalent iron (ferrous gluconate) and soluble trivalent iron (ferric chloride) on the proliferation of human aortic smooth muscle cell (HASMC) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The water-soluble tetrazolium (WST-1) test was used to evaluate the effect of iron on proliferation of HASMC and Western blotting was used to measure the levels of signaling proteins involved in proliferative and apoptosis pathways.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HASMC proliferation was inhibited in a concentration dependent manner after treatment with soluble divalent and trivalent iron at concentrations of 100-500 µmol/L. Western blotting analysis showed that the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression following treatment with soluble divalent iron and trivalent iron at 100, 300 and 500 µmol/L was reduced compared to the control. The PCNA expression decreased with increasing iron concentration and to a greater extent with the trivalent iron than with the divalent iron treatment group. The p53 expression was markedly increased in a concentration dependent manner in both iron treatment groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The soluble divalent iron and, to a greater degree trivalent iron, inhibited HASMC proliferation in a dosedependent manner, which may be attributed to reduction of PCNA expression and increase of p53 expression.</p>

Evaluation of the clinical and imaging examination in high-risk children with vesicoureteral reflux / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical data and result of voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) in high-risk children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) for better awareness of VUR, and to assess the usefulness of non-radioactive voiding ultrasonography (VUS) in the diagnosis of VUR.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Ninety-three high-risk children with VUR who were hospitalized from July 2007 to April 2010 were studied. The study included 58 cases of urinary tract infection (UTI) and 35 cases of fetal or postnatal hydronephrosis detected on a B ultrasound scan. The results of urinalysis, urine culture, renal function, B ultrasound and VCUG were evaluated. Part of patients underwent VUS followed by VCUG immediately.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>(1) Sixty-two boys and 31 girls (aged 1 month to 11.5 years, mean age 2 years) were included. VUR was detected in 26 patients (28%) by VCUG. In terms of kidney-ureter units, VUR was detected in 36 of 186 kidney-ureter units, including 6 grade I, 3 grade II, 6 grade III, 15 grade IV and 6 grade V. (2) VUR was detected in 20 of 58 UTI patients (34.5%) by VCUG. The proportion of VUR in recurrent UTI group was 61.1%, much higher than that in first UTI group (22.5%). Thirteen of 20 VUR (65%) occurred in UTI patients under 1 year of age (M/F 10/3), with more bilateral VUR and severe grades of VUR than the older group. VUR was detected in 6 of 35 fetal or postnatal hydronephrosis patients (17.1%) by VCUG. (3) Twenty-two patients underwent both VUS and VCUG. VUR was detected in 4 patients and 6 kidney-ureter units by VCUG, while in 6 patients and 9 kidney-ureter units by VUS. Taking VCUG as the reference standard, VUS had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 92.1%, positive predictive value of 66.7%, and negative predictive value of 100%. There was a concordance rate of 93.2% between VUS and VCUG.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is important to early screen VUR in UTI, fetal or postnatal hydronephrosis patients. There are more VUR, especially more bilateral VUR and severe grades of VUR, occurred in UTI patients under 1 year of age compared to older children. The incidence of VUR in recurrent UTI group was much higher than that in first UTI group. VUS is an accurate, reliable and radiation-free technique for the detection of VUR. It could be used to screen high-risk children for VUR and do the evaluation in the follow-up of VUR.</p>

Time trends on the prevalence of cancer during 1970 - 2005 in Shandong province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze time trend of cancer during 1970-2005 in Shandong province so as to develop strategies for control and prevention of cancer at the community level. Methods Data was from 4 retrospective surveys regarding all causes of death during 1970-- 1974, 1985-1989, 1990- 1992 and 2004-2005, in Shandong province. Other than one set of data collected in 1985-1989 by Shandong province itself, the other 3 set of data were from the national surveys, in which the survey-point sampling of choice was based on data of 1970-1974 for assessing its representativeness. The observing indices would include standardized mortality and mortality. A join-point regression model was used to analyze the changing rate of tumor. Results The mortality rate of the entire tumor increased 143.15 percent in 2005 than in 1970. The changing slope of standardized rate of all tumors in the regression model showed that the inter-annual growth rate were 0.54 and 1.24 percent from 1970 to 1984 and from 1985 to 1992. The rate of increase since 1992 had been 0.18 percent. During 2004-2005, the main malignant cancers were lung, stomach, liver, esophageal, coiorectal, leukemia, breast and cervical cancer, in order. Lung cancer rose from the 4th ranking to the first while cervical cancer dropped from the fifth ranking to the 8th place. Esophageal cancer and cervical cancer were decreased annually while gastric cancer was increased in the early days but decreased later on. The rest of the cancers were on the rise year by year. Rates of lung and breast cancers were higher while gastric and esophageal cancers were lower seen in the urban than in rural areas. Conclusion In Shandong province, a marked increase was seen in the mortality rate of tumors in the past 35 years. Evidence showed that the spectrum of death among main malignant tumors had changed which might provide a scientific basis for the development of a community-based prevention and control program on cancer.

The oral immune efficacy of recombinant lactobacillus casei expressing CSFV E290 peptide and it elicited specific CTL response / 生物工程学报

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>The gene encoding classical swine fever virus (CSFV) T cell epitope E290 peptide was synthesized by PCR, cloned into the expression vector pPG-VP2 and named pPG-VP2-E290. The recombinant plasmid was electrotransformed into Lactobacillus casei 393 generating pPG-VP2-E290/L. casei 393. Specific anti-CSFV E290 peptide immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody was detected by indirect ELISA in the serum of BALB/c mice and rabbits immunized with recombinant strain by oral administration. The CTL of E290 was analyzed with lymphocytes taken from the immunized mice, and the immunized rabbits were attacked with CSFV to validate the protective function of E290 antibody induced.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The recombinant expression system constructed with L. casei 393 in this study show a good immunization property and could elicit the mice and rabbits to produce high anti-E290 antibody levels. Furthermore, E290 peptide antibody could elicit specific CTL response, and restrain attack of CSFV to rabbits.</p>

The surface display of porcine parvovirus VP2 protein in Lactobacillus casei / 生物工程学报

Lactobacillus casei 393 was selected as a bacterial carrier for the expression of Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) protective antigen VP2 protein. The gene encoding PPV VP2 protein was cloned into the Lactobacillus casei surface expression vector pPG, and then the constructed recombinant vector pPG-VP2 was electrotransformed into Lactobacillus casei 393 generating the recombinant system pPG-VP2/L. casei393 expressing PPV VP2 protein. The recombinant strain was induced by 2% Lactose in MRS and about 74kD protein was detected with SDS-PAGE. The result of Western-blot indicated that the expressed protein possessed the antigenic specificity which could be recognized by mouse anti-PPV serum. The indirect immunofluorescent test showed that the expressed protein was secreted on the cell surface Lactobacillus casei.

Transfection of pemt-2-cDNA inhibits the expression of cell cycle related proteins in rat CBRH-7919 hepatoma cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To unravel the molecular mechanism of proliferation inhibition induced by transfection of pemt2-cDNA into rat CBRH-7919 hepatoma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We started with the highly expressed PEMT2 clone. Cell culture and Western blotting techniques were used to examine the expression of cyclinD1/CDK4, cyclinE/CDK2, phospho-Rb, caspase-3, c-jun and caveolins.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Our results showed that CDK4, CDK2, phospho-Rb and c-jun were down regulated in the pemt2 highly expressed cell clone. The high expression clone of pemt2-transfected cells also showed over expression of caspase-3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reductions of proliferation and apoptosis of pemt2 transfected cells could be related to the G1 phase arrest induced by down-regulation of the cell cycle-associated proteins.</p>

Effects of overexpression of PEMT2 on expression and translocation of different PKC isoforms in rat hepatoma cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mechanism of cell proliferation inhibition by transfecting phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase 2 gene (PEMT2).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression and translocation of different isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) in cells were observed with immunocytochemistry and Western blot techniques. The content of diacylglycerol (DAG) was analyzed with high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Transfection of PEMT2 can inhibit the expression of cPKC alpha, but obviously promotes the expression and translocation from cytosol to plasma membrane of cPKC beta2. At the same time, the content of DAG was decreased in the transfected cells. Expression and translocation of other PKC isoforms were not changed by PEMT2 transfection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Effects of overexpression of PEMT2 on the expression and translocation of different PKC isoforms might be related to the mechanism of cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induced by transfecting PEMT2.</p>

Diagnosis value of ultrasound of knee joint in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound (US) in assessment knee joint inflammation in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis(JRA).Methods US scans of the knees obtained in 30 children at clinically active stage; JRA was compared with those obtained in 30 healthy children and 10 JRA patients in clinical remission.Results Changes in synovial membrane thickness and presence of fluid in suprapatellar bursa showed statistically significant differences between JRA patients with active disease and the other subjects.Alterations in contour of the articular cartilage were demonstrated in 10 knees of patients with JRA.Conclusion US is a simple sensitive and reliable methods for the assessment and monitoring of knee joint involvement in JRA.