Efficacy of disinfection and isolation measures in a hospital that received and treated the first case of imported Middle East respiratory syndrome in China / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of disinfection and isolation measures in a hospital that received and treated the first case of imported Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS)in China.Methods The first MERS case in China was admitted in the negative pressure room of the intensive care unit in a hospital on May 28,2015,a series of disinfection and isolation measures were taken for controlling and preventing MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV)infection.Results One case of MERS confirmed by Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Pre-vention (CDC)and Chinese CDC were admitted in a hospital at 2:30 of May 28,2015,throat swabs and blood specimens of patients were detected as positive for MERS-CoV by real-time polymerase chain reaction.On the 3rd day,8th day,2 week after admission,and on June 21 ,throat swabs,blood,stool,and sputum specimen culture were negative respectively;before patient’s discharge,throat swabs,sputum,blood,and stool specimen culture were all negative for consecutive two times,there was no fever for 10 consecutive days,clinical symptoms were im-proved,patient finally recovered and was discharged on June 26.Detection of MERS-CoV were all negative for nasal swabs,throat swabs,and blood specimens from all health care workers (HCWs)participated in the treatment for MERS;all HCWs were performed physical examination from June 26 to July 10,none of them felt discomfort, there was no infection occurred among them.On the 7th,13th day of admission,and following terminal disinfec-tion,specimens of environment and object surface were taken and performed detection of MERS-CoV,all were negative.Conclusion Strict implementation of disinfection and isolation measures can effectively cut off the routes of MERS-CoV transmission and protect the safety of HCWs.

Flexible ureteroscopy and holmium laser lithotripsy for treatment of upper urinary tract calculi in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

The objective of the study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of flexible ureteroscopy and holmium laser lithotripsy for the management of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and associated nephrolithiasis. Between 2005 and 2010, flexible ureteroscopic stone treatment was attempted in 13 patients with ADPKD. Two patients had bilateral renal stones. Most of the stones were located in the renal pelvis and/or calices with a stone size 1.7 cm in the largest diameter. The success rate and morbidity and complications were recorded. A total of 45 intrarenal calculi with a mean stone size of 5.6 mm (range 3-17) were identified. The mean number of stones per patients was 3.2 (range 2-5). The mean number of primary procedures was 1.2 (range 1-2). The overall stone-free rates after one and two procedures were 84.5 and 92.3%, respectively. Complications occurred in three procedures and consisted of low-grade fever in one procedure, flank pain in another procedure and stent pain in another procedure. No patient died. Flexible ureteroscopy with holmium laser lithotripsy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of patients with ADPKD and associated nephrolithiasis.

Ultrasound assessment of bladder detrusor wall thickness for non-invasive diagnosis of female bladder outlet obstruction / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound bladder detrusor wall thickness (DWT) measurement for female bladder outlet obstruction (FBOO) and investigate the application of this non-invasive method for diagnosis of FBOO.Methods DWT was measured by linear ultrasound (7.5 MHz) either at a filling volume of 50％ of cystometric capacity or at 250 ml filling in 93 women undergoing pressure flow study (PFS) for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).FBOO was defined as maximal flow rate (Qmax) of less than 12 ml/s combined with a detrusor pressure at maximal flow rate (Pdet Qmax)greater than 25 cm H2O.All the patients were divided into 2 groups according to FBOO and non-FBOO.The age,urodynamic parameters and DWT of the 2 groups were compared.Meanwhile DWT was evaluated for diagnosing BOO through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsThe age (61.2 ± 8.3 vs 59.9 ± 7.7 years,P =0.44) and maximal cystometric capacity (292.2 ± 82.3 vs 308.1 ± 87.5 ml,P =0.37 ) between the 2 groups had no significant difference.DWT was significantly higher ( P =0.00 ) in FBOO group (42 cases,DWT 1.8 ±0.3 mm) compared to non-FBOO group (51 cases,1.4 ±0.2 mm).Furthermore maximal detrusor pressure (43.1 ± 11.2 vs 16.2 ± 7.1 cm H2O,P =0.00),Pdet Qmax (34.3 ±8.2 vs 13.1 ±7.8 cm n2O,P =0.00),Qmax(7.4 ±3.2 vs 17.4 ±4.1 ml/s,P =0.00),voided volume (157.1 ±63.7 vs 251.2 ±77.4 ml,P=0.00) and post-void residual volume (117.5 ±71.3 vs 37.7 ± 18.1 ml,P =0.00) had significant differences between the 2 groups.For a diagnosis of FBOO,DWT of 1.9 mm or greater had a positive predictive value of 100％,a negative predictive value of 62％,specificity of 100％ and sensitivity of 38％.ROC analysis revealed that DWT had a high predictive value for FBOO with an area under the curve of 0.88 ± 0.06.Conclusions Ultrasound DWT measurement for FBOO is non-invasive,convenient and reliable.DWT 1.9 mm or greater assessed by ultrasound has a high predictive value and specificity for FBOO and can replace PFS in some extent.However,this cutoff value needs to be validated in multiple center and larger population study.

Nosocomial Infection of Lower Respiratory Tract with Lung Cancer / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the method of prevention and treatment from the analysis of the nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract among lung cancer patients.METHODS The information of lung cancer during 2003-2005 in our hospital was reviewed,and statistically analyzed.RESULTS Nosocomial infection rate of lower respiratory tract among lung cancer patients was 7.22%;the case-times rate of infection was 8.84%.The Gram-negative bacteria and fungi strains were major species.CONCLUSIONS Do well in preventing and controlling lower respiratory tract infection and appropriate usage of antibiotics could decrease the death of lung cancer inpatients with nosocomial infection.

In-Vitro Culture and Rapid Propagation of Aloe vera L.Var.chinensis(Haw.)Berger / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To find out technological evidence for the rapid propagation of Aloe vera L.var.chinensis (Haw.)Berber. Methods The technique of plant tissue culture was used to study the rapid propagation of Aloe vera L.Var.Chinesis(Haw.)Berger.The shoot growing from the underground stem of Aloe vera L.Var.chinensis(Haw.)Berger was taken as the explant to induce fascicular bud. Results The optimal culture medium was MT.MT culture medium added with 6-benzylaminopurine(BA) was effective to induce the shoot formation and increase the direct shooting rate.The optimal BA concentration for the induction and formation of shoot was 2 mg?L -1 ,the shooting rate being 100%.As for the induction of rooting,MT culture medium adding with 0.5 mg?L -1 naphthalene acid was optimal,the rooting rate being 100%. Conclusion The culture of Aloe shoot growing from the underground stem,proper culture medium and BA concentration are important for the rapid propagation of Aloe.