[Evaluation of the role of the HPV test in routine clinical practice: prospective study]. / Hodnocení úlohy HPV testu v bezné klinické praxi: prospektivní studie.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of papillomavirus and to asses the role a HPV DNA in screening of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. DESIGN: Czech National Collaborative Trial. SETTING: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Kladno Hospital, Department of Microbiology, KLINLAB, Prague, outpatient clinics (Kladno, Bruntál, Unhost'). METHODS: The study group includes of 3,264 women, their cervical scrapings were sent to KLINLAB during November 1996 to June 1998, because of abnormal results of primary screening. Patients with ASCUS, AGNUS, LSIL, HSIL and/or abnormal colposcopic findings were eligible for this study. Only completely filled in records of a subgroup of 1,158 patients were assessed for sensitivity and specificity for CIN in screening methods. RESULTS: The overall sensitivity of cytology and basic colposcopy were 84.7% and 64.9% respectively. The overall sensitivity of HPV DNA testing was 66%. The sensitivity of cytology of women with minor cytological abnormities for major cervical disease (CIN 2/3 and microinvasive cancer) in this group of patients was only 35%. Combined cytology with HPV DNA test gave an increased sensitivity for major cervical disease of 83%. CONCLUSION: 153 (66.4%) of the cervical intraepithelial neoplasias grade 2/3 displayed negative and borderline or mild cytological changes. The combined use of cytology with HPV testing increased the sensitivity with a reduction of specificity. However, it is evident from these results that HPV DNA testing alone cannot be used as a diagnostic tool but could usefully improve the level of screening CIN in common clinical practice.

Human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid testing in screening of high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

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[Determination of antibodies to Campylobacter pylori in children and adolescents with gastroduodenal disorders]. / Stanovení protilátek proti Campylobacter pylori u detí a dorostu s gastroduodenálními obtízemi.

Serological examination of antibodies against Campylobacter pylori was made in 195 boys and girls aged 9-20 years. In all on account of gastrointestinal complaints endoscopy was indicated. The results of microbiological and histological finding), in particular in the antrum and corpus of the stomach). Positive titres antrum and body of the stomach were compared with results of the complement fixation test and the ELISA reaction. Antibodies against C. pylori were detected in 64 of the examined subjects. The titres assessed by the complement fixation and ELISA test were in good agreement. Patients with positive sera had significantly more often a positive endoscopic finding (bacteria, chronic gastritis) and bacteriological finding), in particular in the antrum and corpus of the stomach). Positive titres of the complement fixation reaction persisted frequently for 15 months after the first examination. From the results ensues that serological examination of antibodies against C. pylori can be considered a sparing examination method which in patients with gastrointestinal complaints should precede endoscopic examination and moreover it can be used to follow up the course of the disease and success of therapy.

[Can epigastric pain and non-ulcerative dyspepsia in children and adolescents be Campylobacter pylori infection?]. / Mohou byt bolesti v epigastriu a neulcerózní dyspepsie u detí a dospívajících infekcním onemocnením Campylobacter pylori?

The authors examined 263 children and adolescents aged 5-20 years who suffered from so-called non-ulcerative dyspepsia or epigastric pain, because of the suspected presence of Campylobacter pylori. In 31.9% of the examined subjects direct microbiological methods revealed its presence in the gastroduodenal mucosa. The confidence limit of positive results of Campylobacter pylori in the population is between 27.58% and 38.84%, the probability being 95%. The authors proved a mutual correlation between endoscopic, histological, serological findings and detection of Campylobacter pylori by microbiological methods. The statistical significance of the correlation of campylobacter pylori and chronic gastritis B (mostly inactive) provides further support for the hypothesis of the aetiological role of Campylobacter pylori in the development of chronic gastritis B in children and adolescents. From the investigation it does not ensue, however, that colonization with Campylobacter pylori is associated with certain clinical symptoms in all instances. However, in the differential diagnosis of so-called non-ulcerative dyspepsia and epigastric pain in children and adolescents we must include infection with Campylobacter pylori among their possible causes.

[Non-imported conjunctivitis with detection of Chlamydia trachomatis]. / Neimportovaná konjunktivitida s prukazem Chlamydia trachomatis.

The authors describe conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. The diagnosis was established by isolation on tissue cultures with a typical finding of intracytoplasmatic inclusions. Serum antibodies were slightly elevated, the complement binding reaction was 1:16, ELISA 1:64. From the clinical aspect trachoma was not involved. The patient was not in contact with foreigners from endemic areas. The disease was cured only after general administration of Tetracycline. The authors maintain that the diagnosis and prevention of ocular Chlamydia infections in adults and neonates should be extended.

[The importance of the microprecipitation reaction in agar in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis]. / Význam mikroprecipitacní reakce v agaru pro diagnostiku toxoplazmózy.

The authors examined 56 pigs by an isolation experiment for Toxoplasma gondii and simultaneously by the Sabin-Feldman reaction, microprecipitation reaction in agar (MPA), quantitative microprecipitation reaction in agar (MPAK), reaction with complement-fixing and indirect haemagglutination reaction with toxoplasma antigen. In nine pigs with positive isolation finding, the Sabin-Feldman reaction and quantitative microprecipitation reaction in agar was positive in eight cases. In cases of negative Sabin-Feldman reaction, the quantitative microprecipitation reaction was always negative. The quantitative microprecipitation reaction in agar is therefore a suitable indicator of the success of isolation experiments. For a simplicity of the test it is suitable for immunological diagnostics of toxoplasmosis in pigs in common practice.

Functional residual lung capacity in rats affected by a carotid body stimulant.

The respiratory response and changes of functional residual lung capacity were measured in the rat after intravenous administration of the drug S 2620 in a dose of 0.4 mg/kg. This substance induced a significant decrease of arterial PCO2 and an increase of minute ventilation. The stimulating effect of S 2620 was maximal in the 10th min; after 60 min, ventilation and PCO2 approached control levels. The CO2 ventilatory response was determined 10 min after the administration of S 2620. The slope of the control and S 2620 stimulated curves was similar with a shift towards higher ventilation and lower PCO2 after S 2620 administration. Functional capacity rose with increasing minute ventilation. The increase of functional residual capacity disappeared after bilateral cervical vagotomy.