A case of a nasal polyp originating in the cribriform plate.

Nasal polyps were once believed to originate in sinus cavities, and from there to pass through ostia and into the nasal cavity. However, data gained from subsequent anatomic studies revealed that they can actually originate in numerous locations in the sinonasal area. We report a case of a nasal polyp that originated in the cribriform plate, which is a very rare site of origin for a nasal polyp.

Are serum levels of trace elements in children with auditory neuropathy within normal limits? - A pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether trace elements that are essential for neural function play a role in the pathophysiology and etiology of auditory neuropathy (AN). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with auditory neuropathy consisted of eight children (two male, six female). The blood tests including the measurement of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper and magnesium were done in children with AN during their routine care. RESULTS: Of the eight children with AN, many had serum levels outside the normal range: one had low sodium, two had low potassium, one had low chloride, two had high zinc and three had low zinc, two had low calcium and two had higher than normal phosphorus. CONCLUSION: Although some serum trace element levels in our patients were higher or lower than normal values, the mean values were within normal limits. Thus, we were unable to detect a relationship between serum trace element levels and AN-. In the future, larger studies should be conducted to confirm these findings.

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) assessment of mothers with language delayed children.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we evaluated the continuous and state anxiety levels of mothers with children with language delay. METHODS: The study group consisted of the mothers of 18 children with language delay. The control group consisted of the mothers of 29 healthy children without language delay. To gain data about mothers, a personal information form and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) form were applied to determine continuous and state-trait anxiety levels. RESULTS: State anxiety levels in the study group were significantly higher (by Student t-test) than that of the control group. For continuous anxiety level, no statistically significant difference was determined between two groups. In the study group, higher education levels of mothers and their husbands were associated with lower levels of both continuous and state anxiety. CONCLUSION: In the majority of the group of mothers with language delayed children and even mothers of children with normal language development, there were high levels concern. Mothers' concerns and anxiety levels may decrease with increasing levels of their education levels. We recommend providing detailed information regarding language development to the families at all stages of the childs' training programme.