Saliva-derived secondary DNA transfer on fabric: The impact of varying conditions.

This study explored secondary DNA transfer involving saliva, a body fluid often encountered in forensic investigations. Various factors were examined to investigate their potential impact on the transfer of DNA from saliva stains deposited onto common types of fabric (cotton, nylon, and towel). We examined varying types of saliva moisture (wet, dry, and rehydrated) and different types of contact (controlled pressure and active/friction pressure) to quantitatively evaluate how such variables could impact transfer and possible conclusions surrounding saliva-derived DNA deposits. The transfer of DNA was generally least pronounced with more absorbent primary fabrics (cotton and towel materials) while a less absorbent primary fabric (nylon) exhibited a greater propensity for DNA transfer. There were significantly higher amounts of transferred DNA (p < 0.05) observed in wet saliva samples compared to dry and rehydrated saliva samples. Further, the use of active pressure (friction) appeared to result in more DNA transfer overall as compared to controlled pressure contact. Experiments conducted with wet saliva and active pressure (friction) demonstrated the highest likelihood of transfer, with the primary nylon and secondary towel fabric combination demonstrating the greatest average transfer percentage of 94.74 %. The variables explored in this study presented multiple combinations wherein a sufficient amount of DNA (≥ 240 pg total) was transferred to the secondary fabric, making it potentially suitable for STR-PCR amplification in our laboratory. The findings from this study indicate that the type of primary fabric receiving the saliva deposit, the type of saliva moisture, the type of secondary fabric and its moisture type, and the type of contact all have the potential to affect the quantity of DNA transferred and recovered. This study provides empirical data on the ease, and to what extent, DNA from saliva transfers between fabrics and aids DNA activity level evaluations. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to expanding our current understanding of DNA transfer involving saliva within forensic science and criminal investigations.

Evaluación cualitativa de la ampolla de filtración / Qualitative evaluation of filtering blebs

Se realizó una búsqueda sobre la evaluación cualitativa de la ampolla de filtración. La ampolla conjuntival es la parte visible de la cirugía filtrante, y su morfología es un indicador de factores que pueden determinar el resultado hipotensor de la cirugía y las posibles complicaciones posoperatorias. Se han desarrollado diversos estudios que relacionan la evaluación clínica de su morfología y el control de la presión intraocular, y se han establecido varios sistemas de puntuación, entre ellas: Wuerzburg Bleb Classification Score, Moorfields Bleb Grading System, Indiana Bleb Appearance Grading Scale y métodos de imagen para evaluar el segmento anterior (biomicroscopia ultrasónica, Tomografía retinal de Heidenberg y tomografía de coherencia óptica). Estos métodos proporcionan una herramienta útil para el seguimiento de la cirugía filtrante y su documentación(AU)

A review was conducted on the qualitative evaluation of the filtering bleb. The conjunctival bleb is the visible part of filtration surgery, and its morphology is an indicator of factors which may determine the hypotensive result of surgery and the possible postoperative complications. Various studies have been conducted which relate the clinical evaluation of its morphology and intraocular pressure control. Several grading systems have thus been established: Wuerzburg Bleb Classification Score, Moorfields Bleb Grading System, Indiana Bleb Appearance Grading Scale and imaging methods to evaluate the anterior segment (ultrasound biomicroscopy, Heidenberg retinal tomography and optical coherence tomography). These methods are a useful tool for the follow-up of filtration surgery and its documentation(AU)