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1.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex (Engl Ed) ; 87(3): 285-291, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34794924

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is known to be capable of causing chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that slowly progresses through the premalignant stages, reaching localized gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Its outcome is closely related to the stage at which diagnosis is made. The aim of the present study was to determine cost-benefit by comparing esophagogastroduodenoscopy, serum pepsinogen detection, and no screening at all. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Utilizing Markov chains and Monte Carlo simulation, the costs and effects of various detection modalities were simulated to analyze the cost-benefit of each strategy. For our population, we used the published data of patients with gastric cancer, applicable to the Mexican population. RESULTS: The results were reported as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. The best strategy was serum pepsinogen determination, followed by the strategy of endoscopic examination with continued monitoring every 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of serum pepsinogen serology and directed endoscopic examination (and continued monitoring, if necessary) for GAC screening could be a cost-effective intervention in Mexico, despite the low-to-moderate general prevalence of the disease.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Infecções por Helicobacter , Neoplasias Gástricas , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Análise Custo-Benefício , Infecções por Helicobacter/diagnóstico , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Humanos , México , Pepsinogênio A , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiologia
2.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34052055

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is known to be capable of causing chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that slowly progresses through the premalignant stages, reaching localized gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Its outcome is closely related to the stage at which diagnosis is made. The aim of the present study was to determine cost-benefit by comparing esophagogastroduodenoscopy, serum pepsinogen detection, and no screening at all. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Utilizing Markov chains and Monte Carlo simulation, the costs and effects of various detection modalities were simulated to analyze the cost-benefit of each strategy. For our population, we used the published data of patients with gastric cancer, applicable to the Mexican population. RESULTS: The results were reported as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. The best strategy was serum pepsinogen determination, followed by the strategy of endoscopic examination with continued monitoring every 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of serum pepsinogen serology and directed endoscopic examination (and continued monitoring, if necessary) for GAC screening could be a cost-effective intervention in Mexico, despite the low-to-moderate general prevalence of the disease.

3.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 65(6): 759-63, 2001 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11791971

RESUMO

A cross-sectional survey of the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers among healthy people was conducted in San Juanito, a rural community in the northern state of Chihuahua, Mexico. The overall prevalence in 970 people was 6.6% for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen. There was an age effect on the prevalence of HBV infection, and a gradual increase in prevalence was observed in patients up to the age of 40 years. Those subjects with a history of dental procedures had a 2-fold higher risk for HBV infection (odds ratio [OR], 2.4; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.01-5.86), and there was a 74% increased risk for each blood product transfusion (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.09-2.77). Horizontal transmission seems to be the major source of endemicity in San Juanito because no woman was a chronic carrier. To lower HBV transmission rate, an adequate active screening program for blood donors should be implemented, together with a universal infant immunization program.


Assuntos
Antígenos do Núcleo do Vírus da Hepatite B/sangue , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Feminino , Hepatite B/transmissão , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Saúde da População Rural , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Inquéritos e Questionários
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