Evaluation du taux de survie des prothèses amovibles partielles supra implantaires: revue de la littérature de 2011 à 2021 / Evaluation of removable partial dentures supported by implants: literary review

Introduction : La prothèse amovible partielle supraimplantaire permet de pallier le déficit de stabilité de la prothèse conventionnelle. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer le taux de survie des prothèses amovibles partielles supra-implantaires à travers une revue de la littérature de 2011 à 2021. Matériels et méthodes : Une recherche électronique a été réalisée dans les bases de données Medline/Pubmed, Cochrane Library et Science-Direct et complétée par une recherche manuelle dans les sites des revues de prothèse. L'étude a inclus les études rétrospectives, les études prospectives et les études randomisées publiées en français et en anglais. La sélection a été faite selon les recommandations de l'Agence Nationale d'Accréditation et d'Evaluation en Santé et celles de « Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology ¼. Les paramètres recueillis étaient l'auteur, l'année, et la langue de publication, le type d'étude, les caractéristiques de l'échantillon et les résultats. Résultats : La stratégie de recherche a permis de retrouver 277 articles et d'en retenir 10 constitués de 5 études rétrospectives, 3 études prospectives et 2 essais cliniques randomisés de bonne qualité scientifique. Les études ont rapporté des taux de survie élevés de la prothèse amovible partielle supra-implantaire variant entre 83,3% et 100%, comparables à ceux des prothèses fixées implanto-portées. Conclusion : La prothèse amovible partielle supraimplantaire peut être utilisée comme une solution thérapeutique à long terme.

Background: Implant-assisted removable partial dentures are used to overcome the lack of stability of conventional removable dentures. This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate of implants-supported removable partial dentures through a literary review from 2011 to 2021. Materials and methods: An electronic search was performed in the Medline/Pubmed, Cochrane Library and Science-Direct databases and supplemented by a manual search of prosthetic journal sites. The study included retrospective studies, prospective studies and randomised studies published in French and English. The selection was made according to the recommendations of the National Agency for Accréditation and Evaluation in Health and those of "Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology". The parameters collected were author, year and language of publication, type of study, sample characteristics and results. Results: The search strategy identified 277 articles and selected 10 articles consisting of 5 retrospective studies, 3 prospective studies and 2 randomised clinical trials of good scientific quality. The studies reported high survival rates for removable supra-implant partial dentures ranging from 83.3% to 100%, comparable to those of implant-supported fixed prostheses. Conclusion: The implant-supported removable partial denture can be used as a long-term therapeutic solution.

The Diamniadio Institute for Health Research, Epidemiological Surveillance, and Training (Iressef): One Man's Vision and a Bet on the Future.

To reduce congestion in its capital, Dakar, Senegal decided in 2012 to construct a new city in Diamniadio, in the suburbs. This new urban center, an integral part of the Emerging Senegal Plan (PSE), is a major first step towards the organization of land use planning. The Institute for Health Research, Epidemiologic Surveillance and Training (Iressef) is one of the very first new operational buildings in this new city. Conceived and directed by Professor Souleymane Mboup, Iressef was made possible by the support of the government of Senegal and the GILEAD Foundation. The vision of its sponsors is to make it a hub of excellence for research in the domain of tropical infectious diseases, with expertise and technical equipment and facilities comparable to those in research institutes in developed countries. The existing platforms include, among others, several state-of-the-art laboratories, a health and demographic surveillance system covering a population of 30 000 inhabitants, a clinical trial center, a dynamic community participation program, and a training center. To achieve this vision in the short- and long-terms, Iressef has developed a strategic 5-year plan focusing on two principal objectives, that is: (i) to conduct research programs according to the strictest ethical standards, and (ii) to train an elite group of Senegalese and African scientists, competitive and capable of developing health research in Africa. To attain these objectives, international partners will play an essential role.

Correction: Safety of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine plus Amodiaquine when Delivered to Children under 10 Years of Age by District Health Services in Senegal: Results from a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162563.].

Safety of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine plus Amodiaquine when Delivered to Children under 10 Years of Age by District Health Services in Senegal: Results from a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.

BACKGROUND: It is recommended that children aged 3 months to five years of age living in areas of seasonal transmission in the sub-Sahel should receive Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (SPAQ) during the malaria transmission season. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of SMC with SPAQ in children when delivered by community health workers in three districts in Senegal where SMC was introduced over three years, in children from 3 months of age to five years of age in the first year, then in children up to 10 years of age. METHODS: A surveillance system was established to record all deaths and all malaria cases diagnosed at health facilities and a pharmacovigilance system was established to detect adverse drug reactions. Health posts were randomized to introduce SMC in a stepped wedge design. SMC with SPAQ was administered once per month from September to November, by nine health-posts in 2008, by 27 in 2009 and by 45 in 2010. RESULTS: After three years, 780,000 documented courses of SMC had been administered. High coverage was achieved. No serious adverse events attributable to the intervention were detected, despite a high level of surveillance. CONCLUSIONS: SMC is being implemented in countries of the sub-Sahel for children under 5 years of age, but in some areas the age distribution of cases of malaria may justify extending this age limit, as has been done in Senegal. Our results show that SMC is well tolerated in children under five and in older children. However, pharmacovigilance should be maintained where SMC is implemented and provision for strengthening national pharmacovigilance systems should be included in plans for SMC implementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT 00712374.

[Identification of anopheles breeding sites in the residual foci of low malaria transmission «hotspots¼ in Central and Western Senegal]. / Identification des gîtes larvaires d'anophèles dans les foyers résiduels de faible transmission du paludisme « hotspots ¼ au centre-ouest du Sénégal.

Malaria incidence has markedly declined in the Mbour, Fatick, Niakhar and Bambey districts (central and western Senegal) thanks to a scaling up of effective control measures namely LLINs (Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Net), ACTs (Artesunate Combination Therapy) and promoting care seeking. However malaria cases are now maintained by foci of transmission called hotspots. We evaluate the role of anopheles breeding sites in the identification of malaria hotspots in the health districts of Mbour, Fatick, Niakhar and Bambey. Surveys of breeding sites were made in 6 hotspot villages and 4 non-hotspot villages. A sample was taken in each water point with mosquito larvae by dipping method and the collected specimens were identified to the genus level. Additional parameters as name of the village and breeding sites, type of collection, original water turbidity, presence of vegetation, proximity to dwellings, geographic coordinates, sizes were also collected. Sixty-two water collections were surveyed and monitored between 2013 and 2014. Temporary natural breeding sites were predominant regardless of the epidemiological status of the village. Among the 31 breeding sites located within 500 meters of dwellings in hotspots villages, 70% carried Anopheles larvae during the rainy season while 43% of the 21 breeding sites located at similar distances in non-hotspot villages carried Anopheles larvae during the same period (P = 0.042). At the end of the rainy season, the trend is the same with 27% of positive breeding sites in hotspots and 14% in non-hotspots villages. The breeding sites encountered in hotspots villages are mostly small to medium size and are more productive by Anopheles larvae than those found in non-hotspot area. This study showed that the high frequency of smallest and productive breeding sites around and inside the villages can create conditions of residual transmission.

[Acceptability of indoor residual spraying in the Central-Western of Senegal]. / Étude de l'acceptabilité de l'aspersion intradomiciliaire d'insecticide à effet rémanent dans le centre-ouest du Sénégal.

The recent decline of malaria transmission in central-western of Senegal after a scaling up of control measures gives an open window for interventions toward malaria elimination. As a consequence, malaria transmission is now occurring as hotspots. The aim of the project is to evaluate whether target control measures combining indoor residual spraying (IRS) with chemoprophylaxis can virtually eliminate malaria in hotspots. Targeted villages located in four (4) health districts (Mbour, Fatick, Niakhar and Bambey) were sprayed in august 2013 with Actellic® 300 CS (Pirimiphosmethyl). Our objective in this study is to evaluate the acceptability of IRS in the population. IRS is a very complex intervention that requires strong adhesion of populations. After its implementation, 370 households have been interviewed. The results of this survey showed good acceptability of IRS using Actellic® 300 CS, with 97.8% of beneficiaries who declared that IRS is good and even excellent for the community. Despite inconveniences that may arise during intervention, including the preparation of structures to be treated, 98% of respondents were not disturbed in their daily activities. 98.6% of responders declared that sprayers were working with professionalism and almost all households (99.7%) are willing to accept IRS next year. The survey revealed a good acceptability of indoor residual spraying in hot spots located in central-western of Senegal; spraying with Actellic® 300 CS did not cause a problem to the targeted populations. Finally, there is great satisfaction in the population due a huge reduction of mosquito nuisances.

[Predictive value of postural and dynamic walking parameters after high-volume lumbar puncture in normal pressure hydrocephalus]. / Intérêt prédictif de l'évolution des facteurs posturaux et locomoteurs après ponction lombaire soustractive dans l'hydrocéphalie chronique de l'adulte.

INTRODUCTION: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) was described by Adams et al. (1965). The common clinical presentation is the triad: gait disturbance, cognitive decline and urinary incontinence. Although these symptoms are suggestive, they are not specific to diagnosis. The improvement of symptoms after high-volume lumbar puncture (hVLP) could be a strong criterion for diagnosis. We tried to determine a specific pattern of dynamic walking and posture parameters in NPH. Additionally, we tried to specify the evolution of these criteria after hVLP and to determine predictive values of ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS) efficiency. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients were followed during seven years from January 2002 to June 2009. We identified three periods: before (S1), after hVLP (S2) and after VPS (S3). The following criteria concerned walking and posture parameters: walking parameters were speed, step length and step rhythm; posture parameters were statokinesigram total length and surface, length according to the surface (LFS), average value of equilibration for lateral movements (Xmoyen), anteroposterior movements (Ymoyen), total movement length in lateral axis (longX) and anteroposterior axis (longY). RESULTS: Among the 64 patients included, 22 had VPS and 16 were investigated in S3. All kinematic criteria are decreased in S1 compared with normal values. hVLP improved these criteria significantly (S2). Among posture parameters, only total length and surface of statokinesigram showed improvement in S1, but no improvement in S2. A gain in speed greater or equal to 0.15m/s between S1 and S2 predicted the efficacy of VPS with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 87.1% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 69.7% (area under the ROC curve [AUC]: 0.86). CONCLUSION: Kinematic walking parameters are the most disruptive and are partially improved after hVLP. These parameters could be an interesting test for selecting candidates for VPS. These data have to be confirmed in a larger cohort.

[Assessment of the availability and use of antivenom in the district of Bamako, Mali, West Africa]. / Évaluation de la disponibilité et l'utilisation du sérum antivenimeux dans le district de Bamako, Mali, Afrique de l'Ouest.

The aim of this study is to describe the difficulties related to problems of supply and use of antivenom serum (SAV) in the district of Bamako. A retrospective study over a span of five years (January 1998-December 2002) and an interview with the staff of various facilities were conducted. The study included 2 wholesalers of pharmaceuticals, 20 private pharmacies, and 2 hospital pharmacies as they were involved in antivenom trades. A market-driving ability survey of driving practice was conducted in 37 community health centers (CHCs) and 4 dispensaries because they performed antivenom treatments during the study period. A total of 3,318 doses of antivenom were bought, including 84.4% by the People Pharmacy of Mali (PPM), a public organization, and 15.6% by Laborex, a private company. These were out of stock in 1999. Three kinds of SAV were ordered: the polyvalent IPSER Africa (1,200 vials or 36.2%), FAV Africa (318 vials or 9.6%), and Sii anti-snake venom polyvalent serum (1,800 vials or 54.2%). Orders from PPM involved IPSER Africa (Pasteur Mérieux Serum & Vaccines) and Sii anti-snake venom polyvalent serum (Serum Institute of India), and those from Laborex involved IPSER Africa and FAVAfrica (Aventis Pasteur). Onehalf of private pharmacies (54.3%) had made at least one order of SAV. The PPM lost 50% of 2,000 vials of SAV in 1996 due to the expiration of vials that were bought. Private pharmacies lost 3.6% of stocks due to expiration. Prices varied depending on the type of service and the point of sale. Costs of vials were 19,440-35,000 CFA francs (29.6-53.4 euros) for Sii antivenom and 50,200-63,000 CFA francs (76.5-96.1 euros) for FAV Africa antivenom. In CHCs, 59.5% of prescribers were unaware of the indications and methods of proper administration of the SAV, 32.3% ignored the existence of SAV, and 30.9% were skeptical about its effectiveness in treatment of envenomation by snakebite.

Facteurs limitant l'acces aux medicaments anticancereux dans un CHU de Bamako; Mali

Ce travail dont l'objectif etait d'etudier les facteurs limitant l'acces des malades aux anticancereux au Mali; a ete conduit aupres de 30 usagers du service d'hematologie oncologie medicale et de la pharmacie du CHU du Point G; ainsi qu'aupres de pharmacies privees de Bamako. Le support d'enquete etait une fiche d'enquete preetablie et mis a la disposition des personnes enquetees. Les patients ages de 4 a 60 ans; se repartissant entre 9 femmes et 22 hommes ont ete pris en charge pour un cancer du sein (19 cas); une maladie de kaposi (5 cas); une leucemie (2 cas); une maladie de Hodgkin (2 cas); une drepanocytose (1 cas) ou un CMI (1 cas). Tres peu de prescriptions ont pu etre satisfaites par l'approvisionnement hospitalier a cause d'une politique pharmaceutique particuliere du CHU. L'acces des malades aux anticancereux dans les officines privees a ete limitee par l'insuffisance des stocks d'anticancereux et des officines qui en faisaient la commande; le cout eleve des medicaments quand ils etaient commandes et les difficultes geographiques d'acces aux lieux d'achat (longues distances a parcourir). L'inscription des anticancereux sur la liste des medicaments essentiels ainsi que la mise en oeuvre de financements alternatifs pourrait permettre l'acces d'un plus grand nombre de malades aux medicaments anticancereux au Mali

Amodiaquine dosage and tolerability for intermittent preventive treatment to prevent malaria in children.

Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine with amodiaquine (SP-AQ) is a highly efficacious regimen for intermittent preventive treatment to prevent malaria in children (IPTc), but the amodiaquine component is not always well tolerated. We determined the association between amodiaquine dosage by body weight and mild adverse events (AEs) and investigated whether alternative age-based regimens could improve dosing accuracy and tolerability, using data from two trials of IPTc in Senegal, one in which AQ dose was determined by age and the other in which it was determined by weight category. Both dosage strategies resulted in some children receiving AQ doses above the recommended therapeutic range. The odds of vomiting increased with increasing amodiaquine dosage. In one study, incidence of fever also increased with increasing dosage. Anthropometric data from 1,956 children were used to predict the dosing accuracy of existing and optimal alternative regimens. Logistic regression models describing the probability of AEs by dosage were used to predict the potential reductions in mild AEs for each regimen. Simple amendments to current AQ dosing schedules based on the child's age could substantially increase dosing accuracy and thus improve the tolerability of IPTc using SP-amodiaquine in situations where weighing the child is impractical.

Mise en place de l'assurance qualite dans un etablissement de transfusion sanguine : l'experience du centre national de transfusion sanguine du Mali

But : Le but de ce travail etait d'aider le CNTS du Mali a mettre en place son systeme d'assurance qualite. Materiels et methodes : Il s'est deroule de 2007 a 2008 au Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine du Mali a Bamako. Nous avons fait d'abord l'etat des lieux ; etudie les connaissances et attitudes pratiques du personnel du CNTS en matiere d'assurance qualite; elabore un plan d'action qui a ete mis en execution. Ensuite nous avons effectue une evaluation de la chaine de froid et du processus de prelevement de sang total en cabine fixe. Resultats : De l'etat des lieux il est ressorti que le systeme d'assurance qualite du CNTS presentait de nombreuses insuffisances comme l'absence de politique qualite; de referentiels; des procedures essentielles; d'organigramme et de fiches de fonction pour le personnel. Par ailleurs l'enquete CAP a montre que 66;6du personnel avaient une connaissance de l'assurance qualite parmi lesquels 36;7avaient recu au moins une formation en AQ. Le plan d'action a ete realise a 58;5. L'evaluation de deux processus critiques dans la transfusion sanguine a montre de nombreuses anomalies. Ce qui necessite une formation du personnel a l'application des procedures. Les bonnes pratiques transfusionnelles et les normes des produits sanguins labiles ont ete adoptees. Conclusion : Malgre ces avancees quelques insuffisances a corriger demeuraient telles que; l'absence de circuit securise des donneurs et des PSL; l'absence d'indicateurs de qualite fiables; et la non adoption de la politique transfusionnelle

[Epidemiological surveillance networks for animal diseases in French-speaking West and Central Africa]. / Les réseaux d'epidémiosurveillance des maladies animales en Afrique francophone de l'Ouest et du Centre.

One of the objectives of the Pan African Programme for the Control of Epizootics (PACE) was to set up epidemiological surveillance networks in African countries. A survey based on a written questionnaire was conducted to review the technical and institutional organisation of epidemiological surveillance networks in nine French-speaking countries, including five in West Africa (Senegal, Burkina Faso, Côte d'lvoire, Togo and Guinea) and four in Central Africa (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo and Chad). The survey results showed that there are more similarities than differences among epidemiological surveillance networks. In general, they were found to be technically and institutionally well established. However, the two weaknesses of the majority of networks are the inadequate diagnostic capacity of laboratories and the insufficient operationality of steering committees. Epidemiological surveillance should exclusively be the domain of Veterinary Services and it is crucial for ensuring that any change in the health status of an animal population is detected rapidly. However, the networks' continuing survival after external financing ceases is generally not guaranteed because, in many cases, governments fail to fund them adequately.

[Clinical and tomographic aspects of 29 cases of phakomatosis in Guinea]. / Aspects clinique et scannographique de 29 observations de phacomatoses en Guinée.

The purpose of this report is to describe 29 cases of phakomatosis including 18 cases of tuberous sclerosis (Bourneville) and 11 cases of neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen) observed over a 10-year period at the Neurology Department of the University Hospital Centre in Conakry, Guinea. Findings during this period were consistent with those classically reported in the literature: high frequency of advanced skin lesions coalescing into massive tumours, occurrence of seizures of all types and development of a wide variety of complications as a result of late diagnosis. Our experience underscores the need for follow-up and surveillance of these patients by somatic studies based on neurological, ophthalmologic and tomographic data depending on clinical findings.

Aspects clinique et scannographique de 29 observations de phacomatoses en Guinee

Les auteurs rapportent 29 observations de phacomatoses dont 18 cas de sclerose tubereuse de Bourneville et 11 cas de neurofibromatose de Recklinghausen; observees dans le service de neuro l ogie du centre hospitalo-universitaire de Conakry; sur une periode de 10 ans. Dans cette peri o d e;les donnees classiques de la litterature sont retrouvees : frequence elevee des lesions dermatologiques evoluees atteignant de volumineuses tumeurs royales; des crises epileptiques sous toutes ses formes et les complica-tions diverses en raison du retard du diagnostic. Nos resultats soulignent la necessite de suivi et de surveillance de ces patients par un examen somatique (neurologique; ophtal- mologique) et un examen scannographique dicte par les donnees cliniques

[Models for calculating the cost of operational expenditure for a health centre in Senegal]. / Coûts de fonctionnement d'un centre de santé au Sénégal: modalités de calculs.

The transformation of a health post into a health centre generates new services which mobilise different resources. The objective of this work is to propose a budgetary forecasting model for this specific type of case, one which is recurrent although seldom documented. As a preliminary step, the quarterly operational costs were determined, and the "complete costs method" (or the homogeneous sections method) was utilised for this purpose. In the second phase, the "pre-established costs method" was used to set the budget forecasts. The amount to be recovered by the health committee for a three month period of operation is estimated at 1,574,967 F CFA (equivalent to approximately 2,400 Euros), representing 42% of the total cost. The states assures the contribution of public funds to cover 54.2% of the cost, and the commune of Kanel furnishes 3.8% of the total cost, however only in the form of in-kind contributions or other material resources. The overall estimated budget for the year 2004 is estimated at 14,835,425 F CFA (about 22,615 Euros) of which 57.6% is expected to be received from the state.

[Wilson's disease: study of 6 neurologic forms observed at the University Hospital in Conakry]. / Maladie de Wilson: étude de 6 formes neurologiques observées au CHU de Conakry.

This report describes 6 cases of Wilson's disease observed at the University Hospital Center in Conakry, Guinea. Presenting symptoms involved extrapyramidal syndrome in 4 cases, psychomotor epilepsy in 1, and confusional syndrome in 1 case. Diagnosis was based on neuropsychic manifestations, Kayser-Fleicher corneal ring, liver failure, and impaired copper metabolism. Brain CT-scan depicted normal features in 3 cases, symmetric hypodensity of the lenticular nucleus in one, discrete ventricular dilatation of in one a and cortico-subcoetical atrophy in one.

[Atypical neurosyphilis: 28 cases observed at the University Hospital Center of Conakry]. / Neurosyphilis atypique etude de 28 cas observes au CHU de Conakry.

This study describes a series of 28 cases of neurosyphylis presenting atypical oligosymptomatic syndromes involving epileptic attack, chronic headache, peripheral facial paralysis, deafness, isolated optic atrophy, and cerebral ataxia. Diagnosis was based on positive results (VDRL-TPHA) of serological reactions in blood samples and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid showing pleocytosis (mean lymphocyte level, 69%) and elevated protein levels. Epilepsy and chronic headache were the most common clinical manifestations. Brain scan demonstrated low-grade ventricular dilatation associated with nonspecific cerebral atrophy in 8 cases and isolated cerebral atrophy in three. In the remaining 17 cases brain scans were normal.