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1.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 78(4): 308-314, jul.-ago. 2010. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634186

RESUMO

Antecedentes Los agentes inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa 5, como el sildenafil, son vasodilatadores moderados ampliamente utilizados para el tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil. En la actualidad, la evidencia disponible establece su potencial aplicación en otras patologías, como la hipertensión pulmonar, la disfunción endotelial y la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica. Objetivo El presente estudio fue diseñado para comprobar si la administración de sildenafil en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica en clase funcional II-III mejora la capacidad de ejercicio en comparación con placebo. Material y métodos Se seleccionaron en forma aleatoria 70 pacientes portadores de insuficiencia cardíaca crónica de cualquier etiología, excepto valvulares, todos con tratamiento óptimo. Para su inclusión en el estudio, los pacientes debían tener un diámetro diastólico ventricular izquierdo > 55 mm, una fracción de eyección < 35% y una presión arterial sistólica > 90 mm Hg. Se excluyeron los que se encontraban anémicos, aquellos con indicación de cirugía por cualquier causa o los que por diversos motivos no pudieran realizar una caminata de seis minutos. Luego de una caminata de seis minutos fueron aleatorizados para recibir 50 mg de sildenafil o placebo, conformándose dos grupos, placebo y sildenafil, ambos con 35 participantes. Luego de 1 hora de la ingestión de las drogas se realizó una nueva caminata de seis minutos. Antes y después de cada caminata se controlaron las siguientes variables: presión arterial sistólica, diastólica y frecuencia cardíaca; se registraron también los metros caminados en cada prueba. Resultados Características generales, grupo placebo versus grupo sildenafil: hombres: 74% vs 88%, etiología isquémico-necrótica: 71% vs 77%, clase funcional II: 37% vs 34%, clase funcional III: 63% vs 66%, edad: 68 ± 10 vs 68 ± 12 años, fracción de eyección: 26,5% ± 7,8% vs 26,5% ± 6,5%, diámetro diastólico ventricular izquierdo: 65 ± 6 vs 66 ± 9 mm (todas p = ns). Las variables del grupo placebo versus sildenafil antes de la primera caminata fueron: presión arterial sistólica: 115 ± 15 vs 115 ± 21 mm Hg y diastólica: 71 ± 10,5 vs 68 ± 13 mm Hg (ambas p = ns) y frecuencia cardíaca: 74 ± 13 vs 64 ± 6 (p < 0,001). Luego de la primera caminata y antes de la administración de las drogas: presión arterial sistólica: 126 ± 20 vs 133 ± 26 mm Hg, diastólica: 68 ± 11 vs 72 ± 15 mm Hg y frecuencia cardíaca 84 ± 2 vs 80 ± 9 (todas p = ns). Antes de la segunda caminata y luego de la administración de las drogas, grupo placebo versus sildenafil: presión arterial sistólica: 112 ± 14 vs 95 ± 18 mm Hg, diastólica: 69 ± 8 vs 57 ± 12 mm Hg (ambas p < 0,001) y frecuencia cardíaca: 73 ± 11 vs 75 ± 10 (p = ns). Finalmente, luego de la segunda caminata, presión arterial sistólica: 123 ± 17 vs 115 ± 26 mm Hg (p < 0,05), diastólica: 65 ± 7 vs 60 ± 12 mm Hg (p < 0,02) y frecuencia cardíaca: 84 ± 13 vs 86 ± 12 (p = ns). Cuatro pacientes (11%) en el grupo sildenafil presentaron cefalea y ninguno en el grupo placebo. No se registraron eventos mayores. El grupo sildenafil caminó 222 ± 69 metros antes y 313 ± 76 luego de la administración de la droga; la diferencia en metros fue de 91 ± 19. El grupo placebo caminó 233 ± 67 metros antes y 242 ± 67 luego de la administración de la droga; la diferencia en metros fue de 9 ± 5. Al comparar estos resultados, la diferencia en metros recorridos resultó significativa a favor del grupo sildenafil: 91 ± 19 vs 9 ± 5 (p < 0,0001). Conclusiones En pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca en clase funcional II-III bajo tratamiento óptimo, el sildenafil mejoró la capacidad de ejercicio en comparación con placebo.


Background Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, as sildenafil, are moderate vasodilators widely used for erectile dysfunction. The evidence currently available establishes that they are potentially useful to treat other conditions like pulmonary hypertension, endothelial dysfunction and chronic heart failure. Objective To evaluate whether sildenafil is useful to improve exercise capacity compared to placebo in patients with chronic heart failure in functional class II-III. Material and Methods A total of 70 patients with chronic heart failure of any etiology, excluding valvular heart disease, were randomly selected. All patients were receiving optimal medical treatment. Patients were included if they had a left ventricular-diastolic diameter of 55 mm, an ejection fraction <35% systolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg. Patients with anemia, an indication of surgery due to any cause, and those unable to undergo a 6-minute walk test were excluded from the study. After the 6-minute walk test, the patients were randomly assigned to receive 50 mg of sildenafil (sildenafil group) or placebo (placebo group); each group had 35 patients. A second 6-minute walk test was performed 1 hour after the drug was administered. The following variables were evaluated before and after each test: systolic blood pressure, heart rate and the distance walked in meters in each test. Results General characteristic, placebo group versus sildenafil group: men: 74% vs. 88%, ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: 71% vs. 77%, functional class II: 37% vs. 34%, functional class III: 63% vs. 66%, age: 68±10 vs. 68±12 years, ejection fraction: 26.5%±7.8% vs. 26.5%±6.5%, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter: 65±6 vs. 66±9 mm (all p = ns). Before the fírst 6-minute walk test, the following variables were measured in the placebo versus the sildenafil group: systolic blood pressure: 115±15 vs. 115±21 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure: 71±10.5 vs. 68±13 mm Hg (both p = ns); heart rate: 74±13 vs. 64±6 (p <0.001). After the first test and before drug administration: systolic blood pressure: 126±20 vs. 133±26 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure: 68±11 vs. 72±15 mm Hg; heart rate 84±2 vs. 80±9 (all p = ns). Before the second test and after drug administration, placebo versus sildenafil: systolic blood pressure: 112±14 vs. 95±18 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure: 69±8 vs. 57±12 mm Hg (both p <0.001); heart rate: 73±llvs. 75±10 (p = ns). Finally after the second walk test: systolic blood pressure: 123±17 vs. 115±26 mm Hg (p <0.05), diastolic blood pressure: 65±7 vs. 60±12 mm Hg (p <0.02) and heart rate: 84±13 vs. 86±12 (p = ns). The incidence of headache was 11% (4 patients) in the sildenafil group and 0% in the placebo group. No major events were reported. The sildenafil group walked 222±69 and 313±76 meters before and after drug administration, respectively; the difference was 91±19 meters. The placebo group walked 233±67 and 242±67 meters before and after drug administration, respectively; the difference was 9±5 meters. The difference in the distance walked was greater in the sildenafil group: 91±19 vs. 9±5 (p <0.0001). Conclusions In patients with heart failure in functional class II-III under optimal medical therapy, sildenafil improved exercise capacity compared to placebo.

3.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 77(4): 274-279, jul.-ago. 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634096

RESUMO

Introducción La hipertensión arterial con frecuencia coexiste con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular, principalmente obesidad y dislipidemia; ésta es una conexión que eleva el riesgo, especialmente en los pacientes que ya tienen enfermedad cardiovascular, y por ello su identificación y control son esenciales para el manejo global de los pacientes hipertensos. Objetivos Evaluar la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial según los distintos componentes del síndrome metabólico y establecer su vínculo con ellos. Material y métodos Se incluyeron 975 individuos (37 ± 9 años, 62% hombres) sin enfermedad demostrable. Se registraron las variables que conforme al sexo definen el síndrome metabólico (ATPIIIIDF): perímetro de cintura ³ 102/88 cm, lipoproteínas de alta densidad £ 40/50 mg/dl, glucemia ³ 100 mg/dl y triglicéridos ³ 150 mg/dl. Se agruparon a los participantes por sexo y se clasificaron en hipertensos (JNC 7), con tensión arterial ³ 140/90 mm Hg, y en no hipertensos o controles. Se estableció la frecuencia de cada elemento del síndrome metabólico entre hipertensos y se determinó la prevalencia de hipertensión según cada componente. Resultados Entre los hombres de la población en estudio se hallaron 114 hipertensos que se compararon con 495 controles: edad: 42 ± 10 versus 36 ± 9 años, perímetro de cintura ³ 102 cm: 31% versus 15%, triglicéridos ³ 150 mg/dl: 33% versus 20%, glucemia ³ 100 mg/dl: 30% versus 4%; todas p < 0,001. Entre las mujeres hubo 35 hipertensas que se confrontaron con 331 no hipertensas: edad 43 ± 9 versus 35 ± 8 años y perímetro de cintura ³ 88 cm: 49% versus 15%; ambas, p < 0,001. La prevalencia de hipertensión entre hombres fue: del 19% general, del 32% con perímetro de cintura ³ 102, del 28% con triglicéridos ³ 150, del 63% con glucemia ³ 100; todas p < 0,03 versus general. En las mujeres, la prevalencia de hipertensión fue: del 11% general, del 25% con perímetro de cintura ³ 88; p < 0,0008. El análisis multivariado demostró que la edad, la glucemia ³ 100 mg/dl, los triglicéridos ³ 150 mg/dl y el perímetro de cintura ³ 102/88 cm son predictores independientes de hipertensión arterial. Conclusiones Los componentes del síndrome metabólico son más frecuentes entre los hipertensos. Además, particularmente en los hombres, determinan una prevalencia mayor de hipertensión arterial.


Background Hypertension coexists with other cardiovascular risk factors, especially obesity and dyslipemia; this association increases the risk particularly in patients with established heart disease. For this reason, the identification and control of these factors is essential for the global management of hypertensive patients. Objectives To assess the prevalence of hypertension and its association with the different components of the metabolic syndrome. Material and Methods We included 975 subjects (37±9 years, 62% were men) without demonstrable heart disease. Metabolic syndrome variables were those defined by the ATP III-IDF according to gender: waist circumference ³102/88 cm, LDL-cholesterol level £40/50 mg/dl, glucose blood level and triglycerides ³150 mg/dl. Subjects were grouped by gender and classified as hypertensive (JNC 7), with blood pressure ³140/90 mm Hg, non hypertensive and controls. The frequency of each variable of the metabolic syndrome was established in hypertensive subjects and the prevalence of hypertension was determined for each variable. Results There were 114 hypertensive men that were compared to 495 controls: age: 42±10 versus 36±9 years, waist circumference ³102 cm: 31% versus 15%, triglycerides ³150 mg/dl: 33% versus 20%, glycemia ³100 mg/dl: 30% versus 4%; p<0.001 for all the variables. We found 35 women with hypertension that were compared to 331 non-hypertensive women: age 43±9 versus 35±8 years, and waist circumference ³88 cm: 49% versus 15%; both, p<0.001. The prevalence of hypertension among all men was 19%; 32% in those with a waist circumference of ³102; 28% with triglycerides ³150; 63% with glycemia of ³100; p<0.03 for all versus general. Among all women, the prevalence of hypertension was 11%, 25% in those with a waist circumference of ³88; p<0.0008. Multivariate analysis showed that age, glucose blood levels ³100 mg/dl, triglycerides ³150 mg/dl and a waist circumference ³102/88 cm are independent predictors of hypertension. Conclusions The components of the metabolic syndrome are more frequent among subjects with hypertension. In addition, they determine a greater prevalence of hypertension, particularly in men.

4.
Prensa méd. argent ; 94(2): 118-123, 2007. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-491477

RESUMO

El síndrome de preexcitación tiene una larga e interesante historia, esta anormalidad electrocardiográfica fue descripta por Wolff-Parkinson-White y una conexión AV accesoria resulta ser su sustrato anatómico. Sin embargo, aun después de la documentación de estas vías accesorias, la búsqueda de mecanismos alternativos para explicar la preexcitación continuó. Finalmente, el estudio electrofisiológico y la terapia quirúrgica o ablativa confirmó la teoría. Las distintas publicaciones hacen referencia a disímiles frecuencias de presentación, dependiendo particularmente de la población de estudio.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Nó Atrioventricular , Eletrocardiografia Ambulatorial , Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White/diagnóstico , Sistema de Condução Cardíaco/patologia , Saúde
7.
Prensa méd. argent ; 94(2): 118-123, 2007. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-122891

RESUMO

El síndrome de preexcitación tiene una larga e interesante historia, esta anormalidad electrocardiográfica fue descripta por Wolff-Parkinson-White y una conexión AV accesoria resulta ser su sustrato anatómico. Sin embargo, aun después de la documentación de estas vías accesorias, la búsqueda de mecanismos alternativos para explicar la preexcitación continuó. Finalmente, el estudio electrofisiológico y la terapia quirúrgica o ablativa confirmó la teoría. Las distintas publicaciones hacen referencia a disímiles frecuencias de presentación, dependiendo particularmente de la población de estudio.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White/diagnóstico , Eletrocardiografia Ambulatorial , Sistema de Condução Cardíaco/patologia , Nó Atrioventricular , Saúde
8.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 56(4): 838-40, 1998 Dec.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10029892

RESUMO

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a rare syndrome associated with postural cephalalgia and low pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid. We report the case of a 45 years-old man with spontaneous intracranial hypotension with MRI diffuse meningeal enhancement.


Assuntos
Hipotensão Intracraniana/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
9.
J Neurosci ; 16(10): 3296-310, 1996 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8627367

RESUMO

It has been shown previously that in the chick embryo the cell adhesion molecule BEN/SC1/DM-GRASP is expressed by neurons in the inferior olive (IO) and by their terminal axonal arbors in the cerebellar cortex, the climbing fibers (Porquié et al., 1992b). Here, new information on the expression of BEN during the formation of the olivocerebellar projection adds the important notion that BEN is also expressed by the cerebellar targets of inferior olivary axons, Purkinje cells (PCs) and deep nuclear neurons. This expression is transient, starting at E7-E8 and vanishing shortly after hatching. More importantly, BEN expression is restricted to precise subsets of IO neurons and PCs. In the cerebellar cortex, BEN-immunoreactive (BEN-IR) structures are not found randomly but are distributed according to a reproducible pattern of parasagittal stripes. A maximum of four distinct sagittal stripes is found in each lobule, along the whole rostrocaudal extent of the cerebellum. Moreover, BEN-expressing stripes belong to two classes; one contains BEN-IR climbing fibers terminating on BEN-IR PCs and the other, more frequent class is solely composed of BEN-IR climbing fibers. Organotypic cultures of isolated cerebella have shown that the expression of BEN in the IO and in the cerebellum arise independently, probably because of an intrinsic developmental program. Thus, the cell adhesion molecule BEN meets all criteria for a recognition molecule involved in the formation of the olivocerebellar projection.


Assuntos
Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/genética , Cerebelo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Núcleo Olivar/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Embrião de Galinha , Feminino , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização In Situ
10.
Blood ; 87(1): 67-72, 1996 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8547678

RESUMO

Hematopoiesis is established from circulating blood stem cells that seed the embryonic rudiments of blood-forming tissues, a basic notion in developmental hematology. However, the assumption that these stem cells originate from the extraembryonic mesoderm, where primitive hematopoiesis is initiated by intrinsic precursors, has been reconsidered after analysis of blood cell development in avian embryo chimeras: yolk-sac-derived stem cells do not contribute significantly to the definitive blood system, whose first forerunners develop independently along the ventral aspect of the embryonic aorta. Recently, the homologous intraembryonic tissues of the mouse have been submitted to sensitive in vivo and in vitro assays, which showed that they also harbor multipotential hematopoietic stem cells. We have now identified a dense population of hematogenous cells, marked by the surface expression of the CD34 glycoprotein, associated with the ventral endothelium of the aorta in the 5-week human embryo. Therefore, we extend to the human species the growing evidence that intraembryonic hematopoietic cells developing independently of the yolk sac might be the real stem of the whole blood system.


Assuntos
Antígenos CD34/análise , Aorta/citologia , Linhagem da Célula , Hematopoese Extramedular , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Sistema Hematopoético/embriologia , Antígenos CD34/biossíntese , Antígenos CD34/genética , Aorta/embriologia , Biomarcadores , Endotélio Vascular/citologia , Endotélio Vascular/embriologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Idade Gestacional , Humanos
11.
Dev Genes Evol ; 206(3): 169-79, 1996 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24173519

RESUMO

By means of a reporter gene we previously demonstrated that non-replicative Avian Leukemia Virus- and Spleen Necrosis Virus-based retroviral vectors were preferentially expressed in the heart of avian embryos from different species. Using a computer-assisted approach, we now compare clones tagged by the two types of vectors, for volume, anatomical and subanatomical localisation, number of Hoechst-stained cell nuclei and mean cell division time during the period of heart morphogenesis, i.e. from stages 17-19 to 34 of Hamburger and Hamilton (1951). This analysis demonstrates that clones labelled by the two types of viruses display similar features and bring about new insights on the relationships between mitotic and migratory properties of the myocardial cells and histogenesis of the heart. Since only exteriormost cells were tagged with our inoculation procedure, our analysis shows that: (1) at stages 17-19, the myocardium is composed of cells with diverse potentials; some cells still retain the capacity to divide extensively and participate to different heart muscle layers, whilst most are restricted in their multiplication potential and contribute to single muscle layers; (2) about half of the clones are located deep in the heart wall, revealing extensive cell migrations from the heart surface to the ventricular trabeculae, the first migrating cells tagged being detected 20 h after viral inoculation. The presence of these cells is consistent with the finding of a large number of compact trabecular clones 5 days later suggesting that these cells divide mainly after completing migration. Our approach provides new insights as well as quantitative data on the different processes involved in heart morphogenesis, namely multiplication, migration and localisation of heart muscle cells.

12.
C R Seances Soc Biol Fil ; 189(4): 601-9, 1995.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8564574

RESUMO

Immunohistochemistry was used to detect markers of the vascular, stromal and hematopoietic cell compartments in the human embryo and early fetus, from 3 to 15 weeks of gestation. CD34 expression was consistently observed at the surface of vascular endothelial cells from off earliest stages tested, at the single exception of embryonic liver blood vessels. Yolk sac hematopoiesis was very transient and limited to primitive erythropoiesis. Clusters of erythroblasts, monocytes and granulocytes appeared from 4 to 5 weeks of gestation in the liver rudiment. The early development of the bone marrow was marked by the rapid invasion, at 8 weeks, of long bone cartilaginous rudiments by CD68+ osteoclast precursors, CD34+ endothelial cells and by preosteoblasts, leading to the development of large vascular sinuses between ossifying trabeculae. Endogenous erythro- and granulopoiesis developed from week 11 in primary logettes always organized around an arteriole, in a loose stromal mesenchymal network established between the media of these arterioles and the sinusal endothelium. Round, hematopoietic CD34+ cells were seen occasionally in yolk sac blood vessels. In the liver they were rare and intermingled as single cells in the hepatocyte cords; strikingly, CD34+ hematopoietic cells could seldom be detected in the developing bone marrow. In contrast, compact clusters of non-endothelial, round CD34+ CD45+ hematopoietic cells were detected, during the 5th week of development, in close association with the ventral wall of the dorsal aorta. These cells exhibit phenotypic and functional characteristics of very primitive hematopoietic progenitors. This observation is in striking correlation with the evidence accumulated in animal models that stem cells for the late embryonic and adult hematopoietic systems develop inside the embryo per se, in the vicinity of the dorsal aorta. We thus suggest that these aorta-associated CD34+ cells, that exhibit an anatomic localization similar to that of the intraembryonic stem cells identified in the avian and murine embryo, are the real stem of human hematopoiesis.


Assuntos
Sistema Hematopoético/embriologia , Medula Óssea/embriologia , Divisão Celular , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/citologia , Humanos , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Fígado/citologia , Fígado/embriologia , Saco Vitelino/citologia
13.
Mycopathologia ; 119(3): 133-6, 1992 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1435954

RESUMO

The study of the clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from 83 Brazilian patients with disseminated cryptococcosis showed that 75 were C. neoformans var. neoformans and 8 were var. gattii. Twenty-seven isolates were serotyped; all 19 var. neoformans were serotype A and all 8 var. gattii were serotype B. The correlation of the varieties of C. neoformans with the presence or not of hosts predisposing conditions to the mycosis showed that: (1) cryptococcosis caused by gattii variety occurred in 7 (58.3%) of the 12 nonimmunosuppressed patients, and (2) cryptococcosis caused by neoformans variety occurred in 65 (98.5%) of the 66 AIDS patients and in all 5 patients with other immunosuppressive conditions. The comparison of the distribution of the gattii and neoformans varieties between the nonimmunosuppressed and immunosuppressed patients showed a significant statistical difference (p < 0.01).


PIP: 8 mycologists reviewed the medical records of 83 patients with disseminated crypttococcosis living in Brazil to examine the varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans. 12 patients were not immunosuppressed (group 1). 65 patients had AIDS (group 2). 5 patients either also had another disease and/or used immunosuppressive drugs (group 3). Almost all the clinical isolates were from the cerebrospinal fluid and/or blood (80 isolates [96.4%]. C. neoformans var. gattii caused cryotococcosis in 58.3% (7) of the nonimmunosuppressed patients. C. neoformans var. neoformans was responsible for crypttococcosis in all but 1 of the AIDS patients (98.5%) and in all 5 patients who had another disease and/or used immunosuppressive drugs. 6 of the 8 cases with crypttococcosis caused by C. neoformans var. gatti lived in rural areas during their first 10 years. A statistically significant difference existed between the nonimmunosuppressed group (group 1) and the immunosuppressed patients (groups 2 and 3) in the comparison of the distribution of the gattii and neoformans varieties (p.01). The omnipresence of C. neoformans var. neoformans, the urban population's regular exposure to C. neoformans var. neoformans, and predisposing conditions (i.e., immunosuppression) to crypttococcosis likely accounted for the neoformans variety mainly being the cause of crypttococcosis in areas in Brazil where C. neoformans var. gattii is indigenous.


Assuntos
Criptococose/microbiologia , Cryptococcus neoformans/classificação , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Brasil , Criptococose/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Masculino
14.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 48(2): 207-9, 1990 Jun.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2260954

RESUMO

One hundred patients with neurocysticercosis born and residents in Rio de Janeiro State were studied from September 1981 to December 1989. The approximate incidence rate of one case per month shows that the disease is not rare in this State of Brazil.


Assuntos
Encefalopatias/epidemiologia , Cisticercose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Encefalopatias/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Cisticercose/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Cisticercose/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
15.
Téc. hosp ; 35(1/2): 31-4, mar.-jun. 1988.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-63307

RESUMO

Después de haber presentado la ponencia sobre "Calidad de Atención Médica", en la Asamblea Ordinaria anual de la Federación Médica Venezolana, el año pasado, decidimos elaborar un modelo de evaluación aplicable al Departamento de Cirugía del Hospital Miguel Pérez Carreño del IVSS, donde trabajamos, y lo usamos en el servicio de Cirugía IV. El método empleado fue el de transcribir a una hoja especialmente preparada, la información de cada una de las historias estudiadas. Estas fueron escogidas por muestreo al azar, basado en el dígito terminal del 0 al 9. En este estudio solo tomamos los pacientes operados de cirugía electiva, excluimos los no operados o los operados de emergencia, pues en algunos de ellos no estaban registradas todas las variables propuestas. Estudiamos 44 historias del primer semestre de 1987, que corresponden al 8% del total. La hoja de evaluación está dividida en tres aspectos: médico, enfermería e historias médicas. En la primera se estudian veinte variables y en las otras dos, tres de cada una. Puntuamos cada variable en la siguiente forma: excelente 4 puntos, buena 3, regular 2 y deficiente 1. Las metas son: para la parte médica 80, y para enfermería e historias médicas 12 cada una. Nuestro estudio dió un promedio de 58 para la parte médica (72%), para enfermería 5 (45%) e historias médicas 9 (75%). En la parte médica dos variables estuvieron muy bajas, Anatomía Patológica (34%) y la hoja de operación (36%), debido a que la estancia postoperatoria que es de 3,88 días no permitió que los informes llegaran a la historia antes de egresar los pacientes..


Assuntos
Prontuários Médicos , Hospitais , Centro Cirúrgico Hospitalar
16.
In. Academia Nacional de Medicina; Federación Médica Venezolana. X Congreso Venezolano de Ciencias Médicas: memoria; vol. 2. s.l, Miguel Angel García, mayo 1987. p.851-76, ilus, tab.
Monografia em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-54096
17.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-42262

RESUMO

1. Del total de la población, el 10% padece de colelitiasis, por encima de los 40 años el 20% y después de los 80 el 33%. 2. De los pacientes con colelitiasis el 15 al 25% padecen de coledocolitiasis u odditis. 3. Se describen las distintas partes del arbol biliar, su longitud y calibre. 4. La odditis secundaria a litiasis es el 90% y la primaria 10%. 5. Más del 70% de los pacientes con coledocolitiasis y odditis son menores de 50 años y la relación entre mujeres y hombres es de 4:1. 6. El 56% de ellos presentó episodios de ictericia y el 30% fiebre. 7. En todos hubo dolor en hipocondrio derecho, brusco en el 84% y severo en 76%. En los síndromes de colestasis las fosfatasas alcalinas ascienden en el 60%, la amilasemia en 46% y hay desviación a la izquierda de la fórmula leucocitaria en 22%. 9. Los procedimientos complementarios son: ecosonografía, la tomografía axial y la colangiografía retrógrada. 10. Durante el acto operatorio son indispensables: la colangiografía operatoria, la exploración del colédoco, cuando es necesaria, y la medición de la presión biliar para diferencial si la patología del oddi es orgánico o funcional. 11. Para el tratamiento de la patología del colédoco terminal no neoplásica las operaciones más comúnmente empleadas son: la papiloplastia y las anastomosis biliodigestivas. 12. Las complicaciones de las papiloplastias ocurren en el 20% de los pacientes, de este universo son 10% infecciones de la herida, numopatías 9%, evisceraciones y eventraciones 6%, pancreatitis 3%, fístulas biliares 2% y otras. 13. Las complicaciones de las colédoco duodeno anastomosis son el 12%, del total de ellas el 6% son infecciones de la herida, 5% colangitis tardías y otras. 14. La mortalidad de ambas operaciones oscila entre 3 y 4%


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , História do Século XX , Ducto Colédoco/cirurgia
19.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 20(4): 103-7, 1984.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-23066

RESUMO

Os autores registram tres casos de hidrocefalia secundaria a meningoencefalite subaguda de etiologia criptococica. Nao tendo o fungo sido encontrado no liquido cefalorraquidiano, foi iniciado, em todos os tres enfermos, esquema triplice contra tuberculose associado a corticoide. Em dois destes pacientes, derivacao ventriculo-peritoneal precedeu o reconhecimento da etiologia fungica. No terceiro doente, foi realizada drenagem ventricular de emergencia, substituida posteriomente por derivacao ventriculo-atrial. As meningites que obedecem a esta etiologia sao muito mais frequentes do que se julga e, quando a puncao lombar nao revela o fungo, e importante colher liquor da cisterna magna ou dos ventriculos para exame direto e cultura. Estes casos e outros indicam a necessidade da implantacao, em nosso meio, do diagnostico sorologico da criptococose.Por outro lado, trazem o ensinamento de que, em presenca de meningoencefalites subagudas e/ou de hidrocefalia, devem ser esgotados todos os recursos disponiveis para a procura desta etiologia, o que representa reais vantagens, pois o tratameto com anfotericina B e 5-fluorocitosina pode eximir o paciente da insercao de derivacao e de suas complicacoes, bem como evitar a dsseminacao da micose


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criptococose , Hidrocefalia , Meningoencefalite
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