RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To develop a scoring algorithm and evaluate the reliability and validity of scores from the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) Food Checklist (CFC) as measures of total fat, saturated fat, and sodium intake in middle school students. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial in which participants were assigned to 1 of 3 study protocols that varied the order of CFC and 24-hour dietary recall administration. Criterion outcomes were percent energy from total fat, percent energy from saturated fat, and sodium intake in milligrams. SUBJECTS/SETTING: A multiethnic sample (33% ethnic and racial minorities) of 365 seventh-grade students from 8 schools in 4 states. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Multivariable regression models were used to calibrate the effects of individual food checklist items; bootstrap estimates were used for cross-validation; and kappa statistics, Pearson correlations, t tests, and effect sizes were employed to assess reliability and validity. RESULTS: The median same-day test-retest reliability kappa for the 40 individual CFC food items was 0.85. With respect to item validity, the median kappa statistic comparing student choices to those identified by staff dietitians was 0.54. Test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from 0.84 to 0.89 for CFC total nutrient scores. Correlations between CFC scores and 24-hour recall values were 0.36 for total fat, 0.36 for saturated fat, and 0.34 for sodium; CFC scores were consistent with hypothesized gender differences in nutrient intake. APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: The CFC is a reliable and valid tool for measuring fat, saturated fat, and sodium intake in middle school students. Its brevity and ease of administration make the CFC a cost-effective way to measure middle school students' previous day's intake of selected nutrients in school surveys and intervention studies.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Registros de Dieta , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Ingestão de Energia , Cloreto de Sódio na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Algoritmos , Criança , Feminino , Análise de Alimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Rememoração Mental , Análise de Regressão , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , AutorrevelaçãoAssuntos
Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Ingestão de Alimentos , Ingestão de Energia , Pais , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Colesterol na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Estudos de Coortes , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Sódio na Dieta/administração & dosagem , TelefoneRESUMO
Process evaluation is an essential element of a multicenter trial in order to explain study outcomes and monitor intervention progress. This paper presents the process evaluation model for the Eat Smart School Nutrition Program, the food service intervention component of the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH), and describes the process evaluation strategies developed to assess this program. The paper details (1) measures of program implementation including training, support visits, and program promotion, (2) food service staff characteristics, and (3) measures of mediating variables including secular trends and school meal participation.