Assuntos
Subunidade alfa 2 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/genética , Mutação da Fase de Leitura , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Trombocitemia Essencial/genética , Adulto , Plaquetas/ultraestrutura , Tamanho Celular , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Subunidade alfa 2 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/química , Feminino , Genes Dominantes , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Íntrons/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Domínios Proteicos/genética , Sítios de Splice de RNA/genética , Deleção de Sequência , Trombocitemia Essencial/sangue , Trombopoetina/sangue , Ativação Transcricional/genética , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Fator 1-alfa Nuclear de Hepatócito/genética , Mutação , Adulto , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/genética , Criança , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Frequência do Gene , Glucoquinase/genética , Fator 1-beta Nuclear de Hepatócito/genética , Fator 4 Nuclear de Hepatócito/genética , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Hospitais , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Linhagem , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Prevalência , Transativadores/genéticaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Desmopressin may not be effective for nocturnal enuresis associated with polyuria and hypercalciuria. Nighttime hypercalciuria in an enuretic population from 5 centers and its correlation with nighttime polyuria were verified. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 450 enuretic patients (278 males, 172 females, mean age 9.7 years) were evaluated with 72-hour micturition charts, urinalysis, serum creatinine and osmolarity, diurnal and nocturnal electrolytes with fractional Na+ and K+ urinary excretion, and nocturnal (4 a.m.) plasma vasopressin. Creatinine electrolytes and osmolarity were measured in daytime (8 a.m. to 8 p.m.) and nighttime (8 p.m. to 8 a.m.) urine volumes. Patients were divided into group 1 with nocturnal polyuria and group 2 without nocturnal polyuria. Hypercalciuria was defined as urinary calcium-to-urinary creatinine ratio greater than 0.21. Statistic evaluation was performed using chi-square, Pearson correlation and ANOVA tests. RESULTS: Nighttime polyuria was demonstrated in 292 bedwetters (65% group 1). Nocturnal hypercalciuria was present in 179 of the 450 children (39.7%), including 125 in group 1 (42.8%) and 54 in group 2 (34.2%), which was statistically significant (chi-square p = 0.008, Pearson correlation test r = 0.157). Daytime calciuria was not statistically modified in either group (group 1 p = 0.054, group 2 p = 0.56). Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ADH) was normal in 18.5% and low in 81.5% of enuretics with nocturnal hypercalciuria. ADH levels and nocturnal hypercalciuria significantly correlated (p = 0.003, r = 0.148). Conversely, the group 2 patients had normal ADH levels. CONCLUSIONS: Nocturnal hypercalciuria has a pivotal role in nocturnal enuresis, as it is significantly associated with low ADH levels and nocturnal polyuria. A new classification of nocturnal enuresis subtypes based on nighttime calciuria levels is mandatory to address treatment properly.
