[MRI quantification of myocardial function, perfusion, and enhancement in patients with left-ventricular noncompaction]. / Cuantificación de la función, perfusión y realce tardío del ventrículo izquierdo no compactado mediante resonancia magnética.

OBJECTIVE: Left ventricular noncompaction is a congenital malformation characterized by a myocardium organized into two layers, one compacted and one noncompacted. We aimed to quantify myocardial function, perfusion, and delayed enhancement using MRI in patients with left-ventricular noncompaction and to compare these results with those of normal patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included 12 patients with a myocardial noncompaction / compaction ratio>2.3 at end-diastole in at least one segment apart from the apex and 12 healthy subjects matched for age and sex. We calculated the end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, stroke volume, ejection fraction, cardiac output, myocardial volume and mass, end-diastolic thickness, and left-ventricular wall thickening and motion. From the delayed enhancement images, we obtained the volume and percentage of hyperenhanced myocardium. Student's t test was used to compare groups. RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant increase in end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes in patients with left-ventricular noncompaction, as well as decreased ejection fraction, wall motion, and relative maximum upslope in segments 4, 9, and 10. No significant differences were found in delayed hyperenhancement. CONCLUSION: MRI quantification revealed decreased systolic cardiac function and decreased perfusion (lower relative maximum upslope) in the lower segments in patients with noncompaction.

Cuantificación de la función, perfusión y realce tardío del ventrículo izquierdo no compactado mediante resonancia magnética / MRI quantification of myocardial function, perfusion, and enhancement in patients with left-ventricular noncompaction

Objetivo: el ventrículo izquierdo no compactado es una alteración congénita que se caracteriza por un miocardio organizado en dos capas, no compactada y compactada. Nuestro objetivo es cuantificar mediante resonancia magnética (RM) la función, perfusión y realce tardío miocárdico en estos pacientes y compararlos con una población normal. Material y métodos: se incluyó a 12 pacientes con una ratio no compactación/compactación miocárdica > 2,3 en telediástole en, al menos, un segmento distinto del apical, y 12 sujetos sanos con edad y sexo similares. Se calcularon los volúmenes telediastólico y telesistólico, volumen latido, fracción de eyección, gasto cardíaco, volumen y masa del miocardio, espesor telediastólico, engrosamiento y movimiento miocárdico del ventrículo izquierdo. De los estudios de perfusión se obtuvieron la pendiente ascendente máxima, la pendiente ascendente máxima relativa, el tiempo al valor máximo, el realce máximo relativo y el realce acumulado por segmentos, y de las imágenes de realce tardío, el volumen y el porcentaje de miocardio con hiperrealce. Las medidas se compararon con la prueba de la t de Student. Resultados: se observó un aumento estadísticamente significativo de los volúmenes telediastólico y telesistólico en el ventrículo izquierdo no compactado, con disminución de la fracción de eyección, el movimiento miocárdico y la pendiente ascendente máxima relativa de los segmentos 4, 9 y 10. No se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en el hiperrealce tardío. Conclusión: la cuantificación con RM revela en estos pacientes una disminución de la función sistólica cardíaca y de la perfusión en segmentos inferiores (menor pendiente ascendente máxima relativa) (AU)

Objective: left ventricular noncompaction is a congenital malformation characterized by a myocardium organized into two layers, one compacted and one noncompacted. We aimed to quantify myocardial function, perfusion, and delayed enhancement using MRI in patients with left-ventricular noncompaction and to compare these results with those of normal patients. Material and methods: we included 12 patients with a myocardial noncompaction / compaction ratio > 2.3 at end-diastole in at least one segment apart from the apex and 12 healthy subjects matched for age and sex. We calculated the end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, stroke volume, ejection fraction, cardiac output, myocardial volume and mass, end-diastolic thickness, and left-ventricular wall thickening and motion. From the delayed enhancement images, we obtained the volume and percentage of hyperenhanced myocardium. Student's t test was used to compare groups. Results: we observed a statistically significant increase in end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes in patients with left-ventricular noncompaction, as well as decreased ejection fraction, wall motion, and relative maximum upslope in segments 4, 9, and 10. No significant differences were found in delayed hyperenhancement. Conclusion: MRI quantification revealed decreased systolic cardiac function and decreased perfusion (lower relative maximum upslope) in the lower segments in patients with noncompaction (AU)

[Ultrasound and CT study of duodenal pathology]. / Ecografía y tomografía computarizada de la patología duodenal.

The radiological evaluation of the duodenum has traditionally been based on barium transit studies; however, ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) are becoming more important in the assessment of this portion of the intestine and the structures that surround it. This report describes and illustrates the CT and US findings for different entities that affect the duodenum, including diseases of the duodenum itself and those of neighboring organs that affect this portion of the small intestine. We classify the pathologies by etiology into congenital, traumatic, iatrogenic and foreign bodies, bezoars, hematologic, inflammatory and neoplastic. Moreover, we present the incidental duodenal and periduodenal findings in US and CT that radiologists should be familiar with given the widespread use of these techniques.

Ecografía y tomografía computarizada de la patología duodenal / Ultrasound and CT study of duodenal pathology

El análisis radiológico del duodeno se ha basado tradicionalmente en el tránsito baritado, pero actualmente la ecografía y la tomografía computarizada (TC) están adquiriendo cada vez más importancia para valorar este tramo intestinal y las estructuras que lo rodean. En este trabajo se presentan los hallazgos en TC y ecografía de diversas entidades que afectan al duodeno, tanto por alteraciones propias, como por patología de órganos vecinos que afecten a este tramo intestinal. Para ello se han clasificado como patología congénita, traumática, iatrogénica y cuerpos extraños, bezoares, patología hematológica, inflamatoria y neoplásica. Además, se presentan los hallazgos incidentales duodenales y periduodenales en ecografía y TC que, dado el uso frecuente de estas técnicas, es necesario conocer

The radiological evaluation of the duodenum has traditionally been based on barium transit studies; however, ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) are becoming more important in the assessment of this portion of the intestine and the structures that surround it. This report describes and illustrates the CT and US findings for different entities that affect the duodenum, including diseases of the duodenum itself and those of neighboring organs that affect this portion of the small intestine. We classify the pathologies by etiology into congenital, traumatic, iatrogenic and foreign bodies, bezoars, hematologic, inflammatory and neoplastic. Moreover, we present the incidental duodenal and periduodenal findings in US and CT that radiologists should be familiar with given the widespread use of these techniques

[Extracranial meningioma presenting as a polyp of the outer ear canal]. / Meningioma extracraneal que se manifiesta como pólipo de conducto auditivo externo.

Meningiomas are the most frequent benign intracranial tumor. Up to 20% of these neoplasms may eventually extend beyond the skull, particularly when tumor spread affects the temporal bone. We report a clinicopathological observation of an extracranial meningothelial meningioma that was diagnosed morphologically using immunohistochemical techniques. The tumor presented as polyp in the ear canal of a 70-year-old woman who had a history of ear disease and seizures and was under medical treatment. The growth was associated with a right temporal lobe tumor involving the petrosal bone that had been detected 6 years earlier on computed axial tomography.