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1.
Acta Neurochir (Wien) ; 157(4): 577-88, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25585834

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Awake craniotomy is currently considered the gold standard to maximise the extent of resection and to minimise postoperative deficits in patients with supratentorial tumours near eloquent areas. In addition to direct electrical stimulation (DES) of the cortex, intraoperative subcortical mapping is increasingly used as it optimises the benefit-to-risk ratio by decreasing (permanent) postoperative neurological deficits. However, only little attention has been paid to subcortical mapping procedures and especially the tasks to be used. METHODS: In this article, language and non-language testing at the subcortical level is described and discussed by means of three right-handed cases with a glioma in the left hemisphere. To assess subcortical functions, a multimodal test named the Quick Mixed Test was developed (QMT). Pre-, intra- and postoperative test results are described and discussed in detail. RESULTS: Based on the analysis of these preliminary observations, a number of clinical recommendations for intraoperative subcortical mapping may be made: (1) the selection of a set of language and non-language tests needs to be tailored according to the functional corticosubcortical regions affected by the tumoral lesion and the patient's characteristics (job/hobby/daily life activities); (2) language and non-language tests should be presented in a multimodal and alternating way during subcortical stimulation since this approach enables screening various functions simultaneously or in a very short period of time and (3) spontaneous speech is a useful adjunct to standardised tests since it most resembles daily life conversation. CONCLUSION: Administration of multimodal tests during subcortical DES such as the experimental QMT may facilitate identification of eloquent pathways leading to avoidance of permanent neurological impairments.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Glioma/cirurgia , Idioma , Monitorização Intraoperatória/métodos , Testes Neuropsicológicos/normas , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Vigília/fisiologia , Adulto , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
2.
J Belg Soc Radiol ; 99(1): 99-100, 2015 Sep 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30039081
3.
Brain Lang ; 140: 35-48, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25526520

RESUMO

Intraoperative direct electrical stimulation (DES) is increasingly used in patients operated on for tumours in eloquent areas. Although a positive impact of DES on postoperative linguistic outcome is generally advocated, information about the neurolinguistic methods applied in awake surgery is scarce. We developed for the first time a standardised Dutch linguistic test battery (measuring phonology, semantics, syntax) to reliably identify the critical language zones in detail. A normative study was carried out in a control group of 250 native Dutch-speaking healthy adults. In addition, the clinical application of the Dutch Linguistic Intraoperative Protocol (DuLIP) was demonstrated by means of anatomo-functional models and five case studies. A set of DuLIP tests was selected for each patient depending on the tumour location and degree of linguistic impairment. DuLIP is a valid test battery for pre-, intraoperative and postoperative language testing and facilitates intraoperative mapping of eloquent language regions that are variably located.


Assuntos
Mapeamento Encefálico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Testes de Linguagem , Linguística , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Monitorização Intraoperatória/métodos , Vigília/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Encéfalo/anatomia & histologia , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estimulação Elétrica , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Linguagem/normas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Biológicos , Países Baixos , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Semântica , Adulto Jovem
5.
Hum Factors ; 41(1): 35-50, 1999 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10354805

RESUMO

The accomplishment model of average mental workload--a formal axiomatic measurement theory--was used as a basis for developing and testing secondary task indices of mental workload (H. A. Colle & G. B. Reid, 1997). Its cancellation axiom implies global sensitivity, which is an important theoretical and practical criterion for mental workload indices. Performance levels of different secondary tasks were empirically equated in mental workload and then used to test the cancellation axiom. Cognitive processing similarity--including orthographic, phonemic, and semantic processing of pairs of operator and secondary tasks--was manipulated in three experiments. Equivalencies between secondary tasks were independent of secondary-operator task similarity, consistent with the cancellation axiom and the global sensitivity of these secondary tasks. The results suggest that standardized secondary task techniques can be developed for the practical measurement of mental workload. Actual or potential applications of this research include the development of functionally useful and realistic secondary task measures of mental workload.


Assuntos
Pensamento/fisiologia , Carga de Trabalho , Humanos , Masculino , Memória , Análise Multivariada , Percepção , Resolução de Problemas
6.
Hum Factors ; 40(4): 591-600, 1998 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9974231

RESUMO

The impact of performance context on subjective mental workload ratings was assessed with the Subjective Workload Assessment Technique (SWAT) and the NASA Task Load Index (TLX). In Experiment 1, a strong context effect was demonstrated. A low range of task difficulty produced considerably higher ratings on a common set of difficulty levels than did a high range of task difficulty. In Experiment 2, increasing the participants' range of experiences during practice eliminated the context effect. We recommend that methods for standardizing context, such as providing experience with the complete difficulty range, be developed for subjective mental workload evaluations. Actual or potential applications of this research include providing methodologies for controlling context effects in practical assessments of mental workload to increase the validity of subjective measures.


Assuntos
Análise e Desempenho de Tarefas , Adulto , Humanos , Carga de Trabalho
7.
Arch Gynecol Obstet ; 248(4): 199-209, 1991.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1832848

RESUMO

A retroplacental serum factor responsible for the downregulation of the MHC class II antigen expression has been described [1]. We found that maternal serum had the same property. The HLA class II modulating activity is however diminished in the presence of maternal serum as compared to retroplacental serum suggesting that the IA like inhibiting factor is released at the fetomaternal interface. After a 3-day incubation period of unrelated lymphocytes and mononuclear cord blood cells in a maternal serum pool, it was shown that the HLA Dr, the HLADp, and more significantly, the HLADq molecules were modulated. This phenomenon was more pronounced among cord blood cells. When third party lymphocytes and mononuclear cord blood cells were stimulated by Candidine or unrelated mononuclear cells in the presence of retroplacental serum, only the cellular subpopulation belonging to the CD4+ subset showed an HLADq downregulation. The molecular constituents of the MHC class II antigen expression characterizing cells belonging to other subsets remained unchanged. When the same stimulation assay was performed in the presence of a control medium (nulliparous serum), we found no changes in the MHC class II molecular constituents. When unrelated mononuclear cells and mononuclear cord blood cells were PHA stimulated in the presence of maternal and nulliparous serum, the HLADq expression of the CD8+ subset showed a significant downregulation in the maternal serum mediated stimulation assay as compared to the control stimulation test. The molecular expression of the HLA class II antigen related to the other subpopulation (CD4+, CD3+) stimulated by a mitogenic lectin remained unchanged. It is suggested that these molecular MHC class II modulations are due to a factor included in the maternal IgG reaction. Retroplacental IgG contains the highest concentration of this factor.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Sangue Fetal/imunologia , Antígenos HLA-D/metabolismo , Linfócitos/imunologia , Macrolídeos , Gravidez/imunologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antígenos de Diferenciação de Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Complexo CD3 , Antígenos CD4/metabolismo , Antígenos CD8 , Células Cultivadas , Relação Dose-Resposta Imunológica , Regulação para Baixo , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Antígenos HLA-DP/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-DQ/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-DR/metabolismo , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Fito-Hemaglutininas/farmacologia , Polienos/farmacologia , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/metabolismo
8.
J Neurooncol ; 6(3): 259-60, 1988 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3225644

RESUMO

A case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is described during the course of which paraplegia appeared caused by epidural compression of the tissue by leukemic cells. This complication in CLL is rare. The disorders of the nervous system during the course of leukemia are summarized, and, in particular, the circumstances pertaining to the occurrence of paraplegia during chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


Assuntos
Leucemia Linfoide/complicações , Paraplegia/etiologia , Neoplasias da Medula Espinal/complicações , Humanos , Leucemia Linfoide/patologia , Leucemia Linfoide/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Medula Espinal/patologia , Neoplasias da Medula Espinal/cirurgia
11.
Acta Chir Belg ; 83(4): 288-92, 1983.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6314719

RESUMO

Brachial plexus tumors are rare. Important progress in the diagnosis of these tumors has been realized, by means of CT-scan and angiography. The nature of the tumour, benign or malignant, plays a determining part in the results. Microsurgical technique allows large excisions with minimal sequelae.


Assuntos
Plexo Braquial , Microcirurgia/métodos , Neoplasias de Tecido Nervoso/cirurgia , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/diagnóstico
14.
J Exp Psychol Hum Learn ; 6(5): 546-57, 1980 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7430969

RESUMO

Letters presented rapidly to separate spatial locations were used to test the precategorical acoustic storage (PAS) model's assumptions that memory information can be stored and masked selectively at separate spatial locations in auditory space and that spatial location can act as a retrieval cue in PAS. The suffix effect was present at the end of the list, even at a presentation rate of six per second. The data from three other experiments suggested that spatial locations do not act as memory repositories and that spatial location cannot be used as a retrieval cue at fast rates of presentation.


Assuntos
Percepção Auditiva , Memória , Rememoração Mental , Localização de Som , Percepção da Fala , Dominância Cerebral , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mascaramento Perceptivo , Aprendizagem Seriada
15.
Leber Magen Darm ; 10(2): 111-4, 1980 Apr.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7412460

RESUMO

A case report is given of a patient, who suffered from relapsing fever, loss of weight, and right-sided upper abdominal colicky pain. A tentative diagnosis of amebic abscess was established on clinical grounds and after ultrasonography. Metronidazol was given and body temperature normalized within 24 hours; 6 weeks later only scarring of the liver remained. Sonographic controls were performed once weekly during the course of the disease, showing that the central parts of the abscess were liquified increasingly; at the same time a marginal zone about 1 cm broad was formed. This type of marginal zone could be demonstrated in another patient with amebic abscess of the liver as well by ultrasonography, whereas it could never be shown in patients with purulant abscesses of the liver.


Assuntos
Abscesso Hepático Amebiano/diagnóstico , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Ultrassonografia , Adulto , Humanos , Abscesso Hepático Amebiano/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino
18.
Arch Gynakol ; 224(1-4): 266-8, 1977 Jul 29.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-579812

RESUMO

PIP: 18 women ranging in age from 17-45 years receiving intramuscular injections of 250 mcg of 15-methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha (15-methyl-PGF2alpha) averaged 17 hours +or- 7 hours to delivery. Injections were repeated after 2 hours and every 5 hours thereafter. The cumulative abortion rate for the substance was intermediate between the very favorable results obtained using intraamniotic applications of E2 prostaglandins on the 1 hand and the somewhat unfavorable results with intraamniotic and retroamniotic applications of F2 alpha on the other hand. A comparison of side effects of intramuscular injection of 15-methyl-PGF2alpha with those of PGF2alpha injected intraamniotically or retroamniotically indicates that the occurrence of vomiting was slightly greater with it but the occurrence of diarrhea was almost the same. The dynamics of labor with 15-methyl PG were found to be similar to labor after injection of PGs intraamniotically and retroamniotically. The results suggest that 15-methyl-PGF2alpha is a safe and practical substance for inducing labor between the 10th and 20th week of pregnancy.^ieng


Assuntos
Aborto Induzido , Prostaglandinas F Sintéticas/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intramusculares , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Fatores de Tempo
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