RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To examine the feasibility and acceptance of HIV testing among youth in acute substance abuse treatment. METHODS: Youth, aged 18 to 25 years old, in state-funded inpatient detoxification completed a confidential demographic/risk behavior questionnaire, and were offered a choice of no testing, serum-based testing, or oral fluid (Orasure, Epitope, Inc., Beaverton, OR, U.S.A.) HIV testing. RESULTS: In all, 74% of 204 participants accepted HIV testing. In a multivariate model, female gender (odds ratio [OR], 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14-0.74) and having been recently tested (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.05-0.26) were independently associated with refusing testing. Recent sexual activity (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.5-20.4), recent use of methamphetamines (speed) or a combination of cocaine and heroin (speedball) (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.6-9.0), and a recent perceived risk for HIV (OR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.9-10.9) were independently associated with test acceptance. Thus, 150 of 150 (100%) chose the Orasure test. Overall, 64.6% (97 of 150) of those tested received their results, but among participants requiring a follow-up appointment to learn test results, only 9.2% (8 of 87) returned. CONCLUSIONS: HIV testing is feasible and acceptable in this population. All patients preferred Orasure testing to a serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Most youth tested in detoxification will only learn their results if they are provided during treatment. Rapid HIV testing with same-day results could improve follow-up rates.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Abuso de Substâncias por Via Intravenosa/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , HIV-1/imunologia , Humanos , Masculino , Assunção de Riscos , Centros de Tratamento de Abuso de Substâncias , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The 1H noise-decoupled 13C-nmr spectrum of elsamicin A [1] prepared from the cultures of an unknown actinomycete species (ATCC 39417) supplemented with [1-13C]acetate and [2-13C]acetate showed enrichment of all 19-carbons in the aglycone. In addition, L-[methyl-13C]methionine- and D-[1-13C]glucose-supplemented cultures enriched the carbons of the two methyl groups on the disaccharide moiety and the C-1 carbons of the disaccharide, respectively. The results demonstrated that the aglycone of elsamicin A is derived entirely from acetate and the disaccharide portion is biosynthesized from two units of glucose and methionine.
