RESUMO
Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between exposure to residential radon and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by means of a systematic review. Material and Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed and OVID for papers making reference to the radon-COPD relationship. No search filters were applied, whether by date of publication, study type or sample size. All studies not written in English or Spanish were discarded. Results: A total of 174 and 57 papers were found in PubMed and OVID, respectively: of these, 13 (11 on miners and 2 on the general population) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Only four of the studies on cohorts of miners analysed COPD as a specific disease, and only one reported statistically significant results. In addition, many of these studies lacked information on tobacco use among miners. In contrast, studies conducted on the general public showed an association between mortality and hospital admissions, on the one hand, and residential radon on the other. Conclusion: There are not enough studies to provide a basis for confirming or ruling out an association between radon exposure and COPD. Nonetheless, the most recent general population studies point to evidence of a possible association. In view of the heterogeneity of available studies, it is impossible to say whether this gas may or may not affect COPD morbidity and mortality, until such a time as further studies are carried out.
Assuntos
Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Radônio , Hospitalização , Humanos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/diagnóstico , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/epidemiologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/etiologia , Radônio/efeitos adversosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The diseases' declaration is a fundamental tool in public health. It's essential to know the magnitude of the problem and decide properly how to solve it. The active finding of cases allows us to know cases that weren't registered by means of the passive declaration. In this study, we intend to analyze whether tuberculosis (TB) cases detected by Tuberculosis Units (TBU) by active finding are different to those reported passively by health professionals. METHODS: Data from the Galician Registry of Tuberculosis (SITUB) were collected analyzing the 2,753 TB cases detected between 2014 and 2018. Confidence intervals were compared and the data were analyzed with Chi square or T-Student tests as required. RESULTS: 44.67% of TB cases of were detected by TBU by active finding. A higher proportion was detected by active finding in bacilliferous, patients with positive culture, pulmonary location and alcoholism. It was lower in HIV (-) and in pediatric cases (under 15 years). Although the proportion of the type of declaration varied depending on the TBU or age, no changes were detected when segregating by TBU or in people over 15 years old. CONCLUSIONS: If active finding wasn't perform, almost half of the cases would be lost. We observed differences in the characteristics of the patients according to the way they have been detected, although we don't know their possible cause. Therefore, the detection of cases by active finding it's an important public health tool.
OBJETIVO: La declaración de enfermedades es una herramienta fundamental en salud pública, imprescindible para conocer la magnitud del problema y poder decidir adecuadamente la manera de resolverlo. La búsqueda activa de casos permite recuperar casos que no fueron registrados mediante la declaración pasiva. En este estudio pretendimos analizar si los casos de tuberculosis (TB) detectados por las Unidades de Tuberculosis (UTB) por búsqueda activa eran equiparables a los declarados de forma pasiva por los profesionales sanitarios o si bien presentaban diferencias. METODOS: Se recogieron los datos del Registro Gallego de Tuberculosis (SITUB), analizando los 2.753 casos de TB detectados entre 2014 y 2018. Se compararon los intervalos de confianza y se analizaron los datos con Ji cuadrado o pruebas T-Student, según fuese requerido. RESULTADOS: El 44,67% de los casos de TB fueron detectados por las UTB mediante búsqueda activa. Se detectó mayor proporción mediante búsqueda activa en bacilíferos, pacientes con cultivo positivo, localización TB pulmonar y alcoholismo, mientras que fue menor en VIH (-) y en casos en edad pediátrica (menores de 15 años). Aunque la proporción del tipo de declaración variaba dependiendo de la UTB o la edad, no se detectaron cambios desagregando por UTB ni al excluir a los menores de 15 años. CONCLUSIONES: De no realizar búsqueda activa, se perderían casi la mitad de los casos. Se observan diferentes características de los pacientes según como hayan sido detectados, aunque no conocemos su posible causa. Por ello, la detección de casos por búsqueda activa es una importante medida de salud pública.
Assuntos
Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Alcoolismo , Criança , Pessoal de Saúde , Humanos , Saúde Pública , Sistema de Registros , Espanha , EstudantesRESUMO
OBJETIVO: La declaración de enfermedades es una herramienta fundamental en salud pública, imprescindible para conocer la magnitud del problema y poder decidir adecuadamente la manera de resolverlo. La búsqueda activa de casos permite recuperar casos que no fueron registrados mediante la declaración pasiva. En este estudio pretendimos analizar si los casos de tuberculosis (TB) detectados por las Unidades de Tuberculosis (UTB) por búsqueda activa eran equiparables a los declarados de forma pasiva por los profesionales sanitarios o si bien presentaban diferencias. MÉTODOS: Se recogieron los datos del Registro Gallego de Tuberculosis (SITUB), analizando los 2.753 casos de TB detectados entre 2014 y 2018. Se compararon los intervalos de confianza y se analizaron los datos con Ji cuadrado o pruebas T-Student, según fuese requerido. RESULTADOS: El 44,67% de los casos de TB fueron detectados por las UTB mediante búsqueda activa. Se detectó mayor proporción mediante búsqueda activa en bacilíferos, pacientes con cultivo positivo, localización TB pulmonar y alcoholismo, mientras que fue menor en VIH (-) y en casos en edad pediátrica (menores de 15 años). Aunque la proporción del tipo de declaración variaba dependiendo de la UTB o la edad, no se detectaron cambios desagregando por UTB ni al excluir a los menores de 15 años. CONCLUSIONES: De no realizar búsqueda activa, se perderían casi la mitad de los casos. Se observan diferentes características de los pacientes según como hayan sido detectados, aunque no conocemos su posible causa. Por ello, la detección de casos por búsqueda activa es una importante medida de salud pública
OBJECTIVE: The diseases' declaration is a fundamental tool in public health. It's essential to know the magnitude of the problem and decide properly how to solve it. The active finding of cases allows us to know cases that weren't registered by means of the passive declaration. In this study, we intend to analyze whether tuberculosis (TB) cases detected by Tuberculosis Units (TBU) by active finding are different to those reported passively by health professionals. METHODS: Data from the Galician Registry of Tuberculosis (SITUB) were collected analyzing the 2,753 TB cases detected between 2014 and 2018. Confidence intervals were compared and the data were analyzed with Chi square or T-Student tests as required. RESULTS: 44.67% of TB cases of were detected by TBU by active finding. A higher proportion was detected by active finding in bacilliferous, patients with positive culture, pulmonary location and alcoholism. It was lower in HIV (-) and in pediatric cases (under 15 years). Although the proportion of the type of declaration varied depending on the TBU or age, no changes were detected when segregating by TBU or in people over 15 years old. CONCLUSIONS: If active finding wasn't perform, almost half of the cases would be lost. We observed differences in the characteristics of the patients according to the way they have been detected, although we don't know their possible cause. Therefore, the detection of cases by active finding it's an important public health tool
