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1.
Vet World ; 12(7): 994-997, 2019 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31528023

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Estrogen activity, a central component of reproductive growth, is regulated by the receptor proteins, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and ER beta (ERß) in chickens as in many other species. ERα expresses predominantly in gonads. Although the expression of ERα in embryonic gonads has been studied in detail, the expression of ERα in post-hatching male gonads has not been studied adequately. Therefore, the current research was conducted to determine the post-hatching changes in the expression of ERα in the left gonads of male chickens with age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Shaver Brown male chickens were raised and cared for according to the management guide and sacrificed at the intervals of 1, 4, and 8 weeks of age. The total RNA was extracted from the left gonads using the Trizol method and reverse transcribed using a pair of gene-specific primers. Following polymerase chain reaction amplification, the expression of ERα was quantified relative to the expression of the reference gene GAPDH. RESULTS: The results showed that ERα expression significantly increases with age at p=0.0032. However, the increment of ERα expression from week 1 to week 4 was 2.04-fold and from week 4 to week 8 was 1.39-fold, with the later age reflecting a diminishing pattern in the increment. CONCLUSION: These results differentiate the post-hatching ERα expression of the left gonads of male chickens increase with age but with a diminishing gradient that may support their reproductive functions in later stages of life.

2.
Mol Neurobiol ; 55(9): 7352-7365, 2018 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29411264

RESUMO

The Miro GTPases represent an unusual subgroup of the Ras superfamily and have recently emerged as important mediators of mitochondrial dynamics and for maintaining neuronal health. It is now well-established that these enzymes act as essential components of a Ca2+-sensitive motor complex, facilitating the transport of mitochondria along microtubules in several cell types, including dopaminergic neurons. The Miros appear to be critical for both anterograde and retrograde mitochondrial transport in axons and dendrites, both of which are considered essential for neuronal health. Furthermore, the Miros may be significantly involved in the development of several serious pathological processes, including the development of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. In this review, we discuss the molecular structure and known mitochondrial functions of the Miro GTPases in humans and other organisms, in the context of neurodegenerative disease. Finally, we consider the potential human Miros hold as novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of such disease.


Assuntos
GTP Fosfo-Hidrolases/metabolismo , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/enzimologia , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/terapia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , GTP Fosfo-Hidrolases/química , Homeostase , Humanos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Dinâmica Mitocondrial
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